Fuentes de financiamiento y su incidencia en la situación económica y financiera de la empresa Grifos Jiwm S. R. L. – Cajamarca, ejercicio 2021

La presente investigación titulada “Fuentes de financiamiento y su incidencia en la situación económica y financiera de la empresa GRIFOS JIWM S.R.L. Cajamarca - Ejercicio 2021”, tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia de las fuentes de financiamiento en la situación económica y financiera de la empresa GRIFOS JIWM S.R.L. Cajamarca - Ejercicio 2021, debido a que el financiamiento juega un papel importante en cuanto a los recursos de una empresa. El tipo de investigación según su finalidad es de tipo básica, pues permite enriquecer el conocimiento que se tiene sobre el objeto de estudio, de acuerdo a su profundidad es descriptiva, ya que busca identificar y describir las variables basándose en método analítico, según su enfoque es mixto, ya que combina las fortalezas de ambos tipos de indagación, cualitativo y cuantitativo; el diseño de estudio fue no experimental con corte transversal. Para tal fin se utilizó la técnica de análisis de documental y como instrumento la ficha de recolección documental. Se evidenció que las fuentes de financiamiento inciden positivamente en la situación económica y financiera de la empresa, permitiéndole cumplir con pagos de capital de trabajo, hacerse de activos y generar ingresos

The cellular growth rate controls overall mRNA turnover, and modulates either transcription or degradation rates of particular gene regulons

We analyzed 80 different genomic experiments, and found a positive correlation between both RNA polymerase II transcription and mRNA degradation with growth rates in yeast. Thus, in spite of the marked variation in mRNA turnover, the total mRNA concentration remained approximately constant. Some genes, however, regulated their mRNA concentration by uncoupling mRNA stability from the transcription rate. Ribosome-related genes modulated their transcription rates to increase mRNA levels under fast growth. In contrast, mitochondria-related and stress-induced genes lowered mRNA levels by reducing mRNA stability or the transcription rate, respectively. We also detected these regulations within the heterogeneity of a wild-type cell population growing in optimal conditions. The transcriptomic analysis of sorted microcolonies confirmed that the growth rate dictates alternative expression programs by modulating transcription and mRNA decay. The regulation of overall mRNA turnover keeps a constant ratio between mRNA decay and the dilution of [mRNA] caused by cellular growth. This regulation minimizes the indiscriminate transmission of mRNAs from mother to daughter cells, and favors the response capacity of the latter to physiological signals and environmental changes. We also conclude that, by uncoupling mRNA synthesis from decay, cells control the mRNA abundance of those gene regulons that characterize fast and slow growth

Physiological Changes and Transcriptomic Analysis throughout On-Tree Fruit Ripening Process in Persimmon (<i>Diospyros kaki</i> L.)

The involvement of effectors and transcriptional regulators in persimmon fruit maturation has been mostly approached by the literature under postharvest conditions. In order to elucidate the participation of these genes in the on-tree fruit maturation development, we have collected samples from seven persimmon germplasm accessions at different developmental stages until physiological maturation. This study has focused on the expression analysis of 13 genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and response pathways, as well as the evolution of important agronomical traits such as skin colour, weight, and firmness. Results revealed different gene expression patterns, with genes up- and down-regulated during fruit development progression. A principal component analysis was performed to correlate gene expression with agronomical traits. The decreasing expression of the ethylene biosynthetic genes DkACO1, DkACO2, and DkACS2, in concordance with other sensing (DkERS1) and transduction genes (DkERF18), provides a molecular mechanism for the previously described high production of ethylene in immature detached fruits. On the other side, DkERF8 and DkERF16 are postulated to induce fruit softening and skin colour change during natural persimmon fruit ripening via DkXTH9 and DkPSY activation, respectively. This study provides valuable information for a better understanding of the ethylene signalling pathway and its regulation during on-tree fruit ripening in persimmon

RUNAT-BI: A Ruthenium(III) Complex as a Selective Anti-Tumor Drug Candidate against Highly Aggressive Cancer Cell Lines

Ruthenium compounds have demonstrated promising activity in different cancer types, overcoming several limitations of platinum-based drugs, yet their global structure–activity is still under debate. We analyzed the activity of Runat-BI, a racemic Ru(III) compound, and of one of its isomers in eight tumor cell lines of breast, colon and gastric cancer as well as in a non-tumoral control. Runat-BI was prepared with 2,2’-biimidazole and dissolved in polyethylene glycol. We performed assays of time- and dose-dependent viability, migration, proliferation, and expression of pro- and antiapoptotic genes. Moreover, we studied the growth rate and cell doubling time to correlate it with the apoptotic effect of Runat-BI. As a racemic mixture, Runat-BI caused a significant reduction in the viability and migration of three cancer cell lines from colon, gastric and breast cancer, all of which displayed fast proliferation rates. This compound also demonstrated selectivity between tumor and non-tumor lines and increased proapoptotic gene expression. However, the isolated isomer did not show any effect. Racemic Runat-BI is a potential drug candidate for treatment of highly aggressive tumors. Further studies should be addressed at evaluating the role of the other isomer, for a more precise understanding of its antitumoral potential and mechanism of action