1,872 research outputs found
Impact of mapping errors on the reliability of landslide hazard maps
International audienceIdentification and mapping of landslide deposits are an intrinsically difficult and subjective operation that requires a great effort to minimise the inherent uncertainty. For the Staffora Basin, which extends for almost 300 km2 in the northern Apennines, three landslide inventory maps were independently produced by three groups of geomorphologists. In comparing each map with the others, large positional discrepancies arise (in the range of 55?65%). When all three maps are overlain, the locational mismatch of landslide deposit polygons increases to over 80%. To assess the impact of these errors on predictive models of landslide hazard, for the study area discriminant models were built up from the same set of geological-geomorphological factors as predictors, and the occurrence of landslide deposits within each terrain-unit, derived from each inventory map, as dependent variable. The comparison of these models demonstrates that statistical modelling greatly minimises the impact of input data errors which remain, however, a major limitation on the reliability of landslide hazard maps
Détermination pratique de quelques espèces de convolvulacées, adventices de l'Afrique du Centre et de l'Ouest
Détermination pratique de quelques espèces de convolvulacées, adventices de l'Afrique du Centre et de l'Ouest. Les auteurs décrivent une clé d'identification utilisant uniquement des critères végétatifs pour 22 espèces de Convolvulaceae, adventices des cultures en Afrique du Contre et de l'Ouest. Elle est accompagnée d'une liste des synonymes usuels pour chaque espèce, d'un tableau des caractères végétatifs des espèces volubiles, d'un texte de description et de planches. Ces éléments permettent la détermination des adventices au stade végétatif à partir de caractères visibles et facilement repérables, ne nécessitant pus une formation de botaniste. (Résumé d'auteur
All-in-Fiber Electrochemical Sensing
Electrochemical sensors have found a wide range of applications in analytical chemistry thanks to the advent of high-throughput printing technologies. However, these techniques are usually limited to two-dimensional (2D) geometry with relatively large minimal feature sizes. Here, we report on the scalable fabrication of monolithically integrated electrochemical devices with novel and customizable fiber-based architectures. The multimaterial thermal drawing technique is employed to co-process polymer composites and metallic glass into uniform electroactive and pseudoreference electrodes embedded in an insulating polymer cladding fiber. To demonstrate the versatility of the process, we tailor the fiber microstructure to two configurations: a small-footprint fiber tip sensor and a high-surface-area capillary cell. We demonstrate the performance of our devices using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry for the direct detection and quantification of paracetamol, a common anesthetic drug. Finally, we showcase a fully portable pipet-based analyzer using low-power electronics and an "electrochemical pipet tip" for direct sampling and analysis of microliter-range volumes. Our approach paves the way toward novel materials and architectures for efficient electrochemical sensing to be deployed in existing and novel personal care and surgical configurations
Chimera: a Bioconductor package for secondary analysis of fusion products
Chimera is a Bioconductor package that organizes, annotates, analyses and validates fusions reported by different fusion detection tools; current implementation can deal with output from bellerophontes, chimeraScan, deFuse, fusionCatcher, FusionFinder, FusionHunter, FusionMap, mapSplice, Rsubread, tophat-fusion and STAR. The core of Chimera is a fusion data structure that can store fusion events detected with any of the aforementioned tools. Fusions are then easily manipulated with standard R functions or through the set of functionalities specifically developed in Chimera with the aim of supporting the user in managing fusions and discriminating falsepositive results
Bridging tools to better understand environmental performances and raw materials supply of traction batteries in the future EU fleet
Sustainable and smart mobility and associated energy systems are key to decarbonise the EU and develop a clean, resource efficient, circular and carbon-neutral future. To achieve the 2030 and 2050 targets, technological and societal changes are needed. This transition will inevitably change the composition of the future EU fleet, with an increasing share of electric vehicles (xEVs). To assess the potential contribution of lithium-ion traction batteries (LIBs) in decreasing the environmental burdens of EU mobility, several aspects should be included. Even though environmental assessments of batteries along their life-cycle have been already conducted using life-cycle assessment, a single tool does not likely provide a complete overview of such a complex system. Complementary information is provided by material flow analysis and criticality assessment, with emphasis on supply risk. Bridging complementary aspects can better support decision-making, especially when different strategies are simultaneously tackled. The results point out that the future life-cycle GWP of traction LIBs will likely improve, mainly due to more environmental-friendly energy mix and improved recycling. Even though second-use will postpone available materials for recycling, both these end-of-life strategies allow keeping the values of materials in the circular economy, with recycling also contributing to mitigate the supply risk of Lithium and Nickel
Cm-Wavelength Total Flux and Linear Polarization Properties of Radio-Loud BL Lacertae Objects
Results from a long-term program to quantify the range of behavior of the
cm-wavelength total flux and linear polarization variability properties of a
sample of 41 radio-loud BL Lac objects using weekly to tri-monthly observations
with the University of Michigan 26-m telescope operating at 14.5, 8.0, and 4.8
GHz are presented; these observations are used to identify class-dependent
differences between these BL Lacs and QSOs in the Pearson-Readhead sample. The
BL Lacs are found to be more highly variable in total flux density than the
QSOs, exhibiting changes that are often nearly-simultaneous and of comparable
amplitude at 14.5 and 4.8 GHz in contrast to the behavior in the QSOs and
supporting the existence of class-dependent differences in opacity within the
parsec-scale jet flows. Structure function analyses of the flux observations
quantify that a characteristic timescale is identifiable in only 1/3 of the BL
Lacs. The time-averaged fractional linear polarizations are only on the order
of a few percent and are consistent with the presence of tangled magnetic
fields within the emitting regions. In many sources a preferred long-term
orientation of the EVPA is present; when compared with the VLBI structural
axis, no preferred position angle difference is identified. The polarized flux
typically exhibits variability with timescales of months to a few years and
shows the signature of a propagating shock during several resolved outbursts.
The observations indicate that the source emission is predominately due to
evolving source components and support the occurrence of more frequent shock
formation in BL Lac parsec-scale flows than in QSO jets. The differences in
variability behavior and polarization between BL Lacs and QSOs can be explained
by differences in jet stability.Comment: 1 LaTex (aastex) file, 21 postscript figure files, 2 external LaTex
table files. To appear in the Astrophysical Journa
Pecuária leiteira e comércio de queijos em Minas Gerais, séculos XVIII-XX.
O primeiro censo agropecuário brasileiro em 1920 registrou que Minas Gerais respondia por metade do leite vendido no paĂs e por quase dois terços do queijo, apesar de seu rebanho bovino corresponder a 20,6% do total no paĂs. E a despeito de sua relevância econĂ´mica (em 2020 foi responsável por 35% do PIB agropecuário de Minas Gerais), a pecuária leiteira nĂŁo recebeu atenção significativa da historiografia. Alicerçada num conjunto diversificado de fontes quantitativas e qualitativas, este artigo tem por objetivo estudar os fatores determinantes da pecuária leiteira em Minas Gerais que remontam ao sĂ©culo XVIII e fortaleceram-se no sĂ©culo XIX pelo crescimento do mercado consumidor, pela aptidĂŁo leiteira do rebanho bovino e pela precoce disseminação de uma forrageira africana, o capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora)
Direct peroral cholangioscopy in the management of difficult biliary stones: a new tool to confirm common bile duct clearance. Results of a preliminary study
Background and aims: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with stone extraction is the standard treatment for choledocholithiasis. After stone retrieval, balloon-occluded cholangiography is generally performed to confirm bile duct clearance but can miss residual stones particularly in patients with residual small-sized stones, a large bile duct or pneumobilia. In addition, difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones requiring advanced endoscopic techniques for retrieval are a potential risk factor for choledocholithiasis recurrence.
Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained procedures database. From July 2016 to December 2017, all patients with difficult CBD stones who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with papillary balloon dilation-assisted stone retrieval and subsequent direct per-oral cholangioscopy (DPOC) using standard gastroscopes to confirm CBD clearance were analyzed.
Results: Thirty-six patients who underwent ERCP and DPOC were included. Technical success, defined as deep intubation of CBD with hepatic hilum visualization, was achieved in 31 of 36 patients (86%). During DPOC, residual CBD stones were visualized and removed in 7 of 31 patients (22.5%). After a mean of 241 +/- 56 days of follow-up post-DPOC, no serious adverse events were reported, and there was no evidence or suspicion of recurrent choledocholithiasis.
Conclusions: Direct per-oral cholangioscopy immediately following difficult CBD stone removal was safe, feasible and accurate. In this setting, DPOC at the time of ERCP appears to be a very useful tool to achieve complete clearance of choledocholithiasis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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