Livres reçus

Honeys are described possessing different properties including antimicrobial. Many studies have presented this activity of honeys produced by Apis mellifera bees, however studies including activities of stingless bees honeys are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of honeys collected in the Amazonas State from Melipona compressipes, Melipona seminigra and Apis mellifera against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method with Müller-Hinton agar (for bacteria) or Saboraud agar (for yeast). Staphylococcus aureus and E. faecalis were inhibited by all honeys at concentrations below 12%, while E. coli and C. violaceum were inhibited by stingless bee honeys at concentrations between 10 and 20%. A. mellifera honey inhibited E. coli at a concentration of 7% and Candida violaceum at 0.7%. C. albicans were inhibited only with honey concentrations between 30 and 40%. All examined honey had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, thus serving as potential antimicrobial agents for several therapeutic approaches.Méis são descritos possuindo diferentes propriedades, incluindo a antimicrobiana. Muitos estudos têm apresentado essa atividade de méis produzidos por abelhas Apis mellifera, no entanto estudos incluindo atividades de méis de abelhas sem ferrão são escassos. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a atividade antimicrobiana de méis de Melipona compressipes, Melipona seminigra e A. mellifera, coletados no Estado do Amazonas, contra Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, e Candida albicans. As concentrações inibitórias mínimas foram determinadas usando o método de diluição em ágar, com ágar Muller-Hinton (para bactérias) ou ágar Sabouraud (para a levedura). S. aureus e E. faecalis foram inibidos por todos os méis em concentrações inferiores a 12%, enquanto E. coli e C. violaceum foram inibidos por méis de abelhas sem ferrão em altas concentrações entre 10 e 20%. A. mellifera inibiu E. coli na concentração de 7% e C. violaceum em baixa concentração (0,7%). C. albicans foi inibida apenas em concentrações entre 30 e 40% dos méis. Assim, todas as variedades de mel testadas apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana sobre os patógenos testados, servindo assim como agente antimicrobiano potencial para diversas abordagens terapêuticas

DIAGNÓSTICO ORTOPÉDICO NA REABILITAÇÃO FÍSICA DE IDOSO COM FRATURA DE FÊMUR: ESTRATÉGIAS E ABORDAGENS

Physical rehabilitation of elderly people with femoral fractures is essential to promote functional recovery and quality of life after this traumatic event. Orthopedic diagnosis plays a crucial role in this process, guiding the strategies and therapeutic approaches adopted by the rehabilitation team. Objectives: Explore orthopedic diagnosis and rehabilitation offered to the elderly population. Methodology: To obtain data, resources from the following repositories were used: Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed and Latin American Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). A variety of sources, including scientific articles, monographs and journals, were examined to extract pertinent information on the subject. Results and Discussions: Orthopedic diagnosis allows a precise assessment of the extent of the injury and the specific characteristics of the fracture, guiding the choice of the most appropriate therapeutic approaches. This includes determining the type of fracture, its stability, and the feasibility of conservative or surgical interventions. Furthermore, orthopedic diagnosis provides essential information for creating personalized rehabilitation plans, aiming to recover function and prevent complications. The rehabilitation of elderly people with femoral fractures highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach, involving orthopedic doctors, physiotherapists and other health professionals. This collaboration allows for a comprehensive patient assessment and holistic intervention, addressing not only the primary injury, but also the patient's individual risk factors and needs. Through careful analysis and an integrated approach, orthopedic diagnosis in the physical rehabilitation of elderly people with femoral fractures can significantly improve clinical outcomes and the patient's quality of life. Conclusion: Orthopedic diagnosis plays a crucial role in the physical rehabilitation of elderly people with femoral fractures, providing the basis for an effective and personalized therapeutic intervention. By properly assessing the extent of the injury, the stability of the fracture, and the patient's individual needs, healthcare professionals can develop targeted treatment strategies aimed at restoring function and promoting recovery. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to ensure a comprehensive and holistic approach, integrating different areas of expertise to provide the best possible patient care.  A reabilitação física de idosos com fratura de fêmur é fundamental para promover a recuperação funcional e a qualidade de vida após esse evento traumático. O diagnóstico ortopédico desempenha um papel crucial nesse processo, orientando as estratégias e abordagens terapêuticas adotadas pela equipe de reabilitação. Objetivos: Explorar o diagnóstico ortopédico e a reabilitação ofertado na população idosa. Materiais e Métodos: Para a obtenção de dados, foram empregados os recursos dos seguintes repositórios: Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed e Literatura Latino-Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Uma variedade de fontes, incluindo artigos científicos, monografias e periódicos, foi examinada para extrair informações pertinentes sobre o assunto. Resultados e Discussões: O diagnóstico ortopédico permite uma avaliação precisa da extensão da lesão e das características específicas da fratura, orientando a escolha das abordagens terapêuticas mais adequadas. Isso inclui a determinação do tipo de fratura, sua estabilidade e a viabilidade de intervenções conservadoras ou cirúrgicas. Além disso, o diagnóstico ortopédico fornece informações essenciais para a elaboração de planos de reabilitação personalizados, visando recuperar a função e prevenir complicações. A reabilitação de idosos com fratura de fêmur destaca a importância da abordagem interdisciplinar, envolvendo médicos ortopedistas, fisioterapeutas e outros profissionais de saúde. Essa colaboração permite uma avaliação abrangente do paciente e uma intervenção holística, abordando não apenas a lesão primária, mas também os fatores de risco e as necessidades individuais do paciente. Através de uma análise cuidadosa e uma abordagem integrada, o diagnóstico ortopédico na reabilitação física de idosos com fratura de fêmur pode melhorar significativamente os resultados clínicos e a qualidade de vida do paciente. Conclusão:  O diagnóstico ortopédico desempenha um papel crucial na reabilitação física de idosos com fratura de fêmur, fornecendo as bases para uma intervenção terapêutica eficaz e personalizada. Ao avaliar adequadamente a extensão da lesão, a estabilidade da fratura e as necessidades individuais do paciente, os profissionais de saúde podem desenvolver estratégias de tratamento direcionadas, visando restaurar a função e promover a recuperação. Além disso, a colaboração interdisciplinar é fundamental para garantir uma abordagem abrangente e holística, integrando diferentes áreas de especialização para proporcionar o melhor cuidado possível ao paciente

Microbial contamination of a University dental clinic in Brazil

ns of the oral cavity of a patient can be transferred to the dental office surfaces by direct contact, aerosol instruments and blood or saliva. The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological contamination presents in the stands, chairs and spittoons in the University Nilton Lins dental clinics, in Manaus, Amazonas. Samples were collected with sterile swabs and seeded in different microbiological culture media for the isolation of microorganisms collected from each room. Then, assays were carried out for identification of strains isolated from each environment, such as: Gram stain, DNA purification, Amplification of 16s rRNA genes and sequencing. All these experiments were performed in the LBS / ILMD / FIOCRUZ. It was found 40 CFU / mL in the stands, 43 on the chairs and 47 in the spittoons and it was also possible to identify microorganisms like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sonnei and Staphylococcus aureus. The greatest number of CFUs was found in Clinic 3 and it was observed that the spittoon was the dental surface with the highest number of CFUs. Some of the bacterial species isolated are opportunists, suggesting that more severe biosecurity measures must be taken in order to prevent cross-infection

Virulence Factors Associated with Pediatric Shigellosis in Brazilian Amazon

Shigellosis is a global human health problem and the incidence is highest among children. In the present work, main Shigella virulence genes was examined by PCR and compared to symptoms of pediatric shigellosis. Thirty Shigella isolates were identified from an etiologic study at which 1,339 children ranging 0–10 years old were enrolled. S. flexneri was the most frequent species reaching 60.0% of isolates, 22.2% were S. sonnei, and 6.6% were both S. dysenteriae and S. boydii. All Shigella infected children had diarrhea, but not all were accompanied by others symptoms of bacillary dysentery. Among major virulence genes, the PCR typing revealed ipaBCD was present in all isolates, followed by IpaH7.8, set-1A, set-1B, sen/ospD3, virF, and invE. The pathogenic potential of the ShET-1B subunit was observed in relation to dehydration (P<0.001) and ShET-2 related to the intestinal injury (P=0.033) evidenced by the presence of bloody diarrhea. Our results show associations among symptoms of shigellosis and virulence genes of clinical isolates of Shigella spp