Aiguiller le ciel en ingénierie de résilience: Du contrôle de la navigation aérienne (ICNA) à la professionnalité enseignante

International audienceThe air traffic controller profession (ATCo) is governed by radical security norms that target aircraft security in all circumstances. Initial training and continuing professional education of the ATCo profession requires engineers to implement under pressure technical data sheets developed from elaborated from incident case studies that were identified and modeled. Nevertheless, the fact remains that training to manage uncertainty requires a complex, managed and rational process, mobilizing knowledge in action, as well as a ”willingness to deviate” from the rules. The parallelism between the ATCo profession and the teaching profession works by way of a contrastive approach : the challenge is 1) to analyze the mechanisms involved in risk engineering (air navigation and class management), 2) to proceed to a respective case study and 3) to study the trainee strategies of resilience for the risk culture. Perspectives are proposed to shed light on the teacher trainee education under the prism of the extremophile.Le métier d'ingénieur de contrôle aérien de la navigation aérienne (ICNA) est régi par des normes de sécurité radicales qui visent à sécuriser les aéronefs en toutes circonstances. Si la formation initiale et continue au métier d'ICNA permet à ces ingénieurs de mettre en oeuvre sous pression temporelle les fiches d'incidents éditées à partir des cas d'incidents répertoriés et modélisés, il reste que l'entraînement à la gestion de l'incertitude requiert un processus complexe, géré et rationnel, mobilisant des savoirs en actes, ainsi qu'un « consentement à l'écart » aux règles. Le parallèle entre le métier d'ICNA et celui d'enseignant procède d'une approche contrastive : l'enjeu consiste à 1) analyser les mécanismes en jeu en ingénierie du risque (aéronautique et enseignement), 2) procéder à une étude de cas respective et 3) étudier les stratégies de formation en résilience par la culture du risque. Des perspectives sont proposées pour éclairer la formation au métier d'enseignant sous le prisme de l'extrêmophilie

Aiguiller le ciel en ingénierie de résilience: Du contrôle de la navigation aérienne (ICNA) à la professionnalité enseignante

International audienceThe air traffic controller profession (ATCo) is governed by radical security norms that target aircraft security in all circumstances. Initial training and continuing professional education of the ATCo profession requires engineers to implement under pressure technical data sheets developed from elaborated from incident case studies that were identified and modeled. Nevertheless, the fact remains that training to manage uncertainty requires a complex, managed and rational process, mobilizing knowledge in action, as well as a ”willingness to deviate” from the rules. The parallelism between the ATCo profession and the teaching profession works by way of a contrastive approach : the challenge is 1) to analyze the mechanisms involved in risk engineering (air navigation and class management), 2) to proceed to a respective case study and 3) to study the trainee strategies of resilience for the risk culture. Perspectives are proposed to shed light on the teacher trainee education under the prism of the extremophile.Le métier d'ingénieur de contrôle aérien de la navigation aérienne (ICNA) est régi par des normes de sécurité radicales qui visent à sécuriser les aéronefs en toutes circonstances. Si la formation initiale et continue au métier d'ICNA permet à ces ingénieurs de mettre en oeuvre sous pression temporelle les fiches d'incidents éditées à partir des cas d'incidents répertoriés et modélisés, il reste que l'entraînement à la gestion de l'incertitude requiert un processus complexe, géré et rationnel, mobilisant des savoirs en actes, ainsi qu'un « consentement à l'écart » aux règles. Le parallèle entre le métier d'ICNA et celui d'enseignant procède d'une approche contrastive : l'enjeu consiste à 1) analyser les mécanismes en jeu en ingénierie du risque (aéronautique et enseignement), 2) procéder à une étude de cas respective et 3) étudier les stratégies de formation en résilience par la culture du risque. Des perspectives sont proposées pour éclairer la formation au métier d'enseignant sous le prisme de l'extrêmophilie

The forestry & wood sector and climate change mitigation: From carbon sequestration in forests to the development of the bioeconomy

While the main challenge in intertropical and boreal regions is tackling deforestation and forest resource degradation, forests and forestry in temperate regions face what may appear to be contradictory goals: to increase atmospheric carbon capture through sequestration in biomass and soils, while providing a growing share of the resources needed to produce essential material goods and energy for human societies as well as gradually renewing forests to enable them to adapt to future climate conditions. Creating a balance between these potentially competing priorities has been the subject of intense societal and scientific debate in recent years, which has prompted us to examine all aspects of these issues in greater depth. INRAE and IGN, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for agriculture and forestry, have jointly undertaken a scientific assessment to shed light on the details of this debate, using the example of forests and the forestry & wood sectors in metropolitan France. The results of this important exercise are presented in this book

The forestry & wood sector and climate change mitigation: From carbon sequestration in forests to the development of the bioeconomy

International audienceWhile the main challenge in intertropical and boreal regions is tackling deforestation and forest resource degradation, forests and forestry in temperate regions face what may appear to be contradictory goals: to increase atmospheric carbon capture through sequestration in biomass and soils, while providing a growing share of the resources needed to produce essential material goods and energy for human societies as well as gradually renewing forests to enable them to adapt to future climate conditions. Creating a balance between these potentially competing priorities has been the subject of intense societal and scientific debate in recent years, which has prompted us to examine all aspects of these issues in greater depth. INRAE and IGN, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for agriculture and forestry, have jointly undertaken a scientific assessment to shed light on the details of this debate, using the example of forests and the forestry & wood sectors in metropolitan France. The results of this important exercise are presented in this book

The forestry & wood sector and climate change mitigation: From carbon sequestration in forests to the development of the bioeconomy

International audienceWhile the main challenge in intertropical and boreal regions is tackling deforestation and forest resource degradation, forests and forestry in temperate regions face what may appear to be contradictory goals: to increase atmospheric carbon capture through sequestration in biomass and soils, while providing a growing share of the resources needed to produce essential material goods and energy for human societies as well as gradually renewing forests to enable them to adapt to future climate conditions. Creating a balance between these potentially competing priorities has been the subject of intense societal and scientific debate in recent years, which has prompted us to examine all aspects of these issues in greater depth. INRAE and IGN, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for agriculture and forestry, have jointly undertaken a scientific assessment to shed light on the details of this debate, using the example of forests and the forestry & wood sectors in metropolitan France. The results of this important exercise are presented in this book

Quel rôle pour les forêts et la filière forêt-bois françaises dans l’atténuation du changement climatique? Une étude des freins et leviers forestiers à l’horizon 2050

La présente étude a été réalisée par l’INRA et l’IGN et financée par le Ministère de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation (MAA). Le CGAAER avait en amont de ce travail pris l’initiative de solliciter l’INRA pour mener une réflexion de ce type dans les suites du rapport du Conseil général analysant la façon dont l’agriculture et la forêt françaises pouvaient contribuer à la lutte contre le changement climatique (Madignier et al., 2014). L’étude a été conduite par la Délégation à l’Expertise scientifique collective, à la Prospective et aux Etudes (DEPE) de l’INRA et selon les principes et les règles de conduite des expertises et des études qui régissent les travaux menés par cette structure