Propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa Dolomita Rivera CIA LTDA

El presente trabajo, desarrolla la propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa Dolomita Rivera CIA LTDA, la cual fue escogida como objeto de estudio, teniendo en cuenta la facilidad de un miembro del grupo para acceder a la información general de sus procesos internos y externos. Se determina que las principales funciones para la empresa, están basadas en el área de adquisición de materia prima y de compras, pero surgen algunas falencias respecto a la planificación, previsión y anticipación en la administración de recursos operacionales. Por lo anterior y tomando al Supply Chain Management como el máximo gestor de productividad en suministro y logística, se desarrolla una serie de observaciones que van desde la aplicación a modo de ejemplo de los ocho procesos estratégicos según el GSCF, los seis procesos según APICS – SCOR, hasta la propuesta de un modelo de gestión de inventarios, un Layout para el almacén y la evaluación y selección de lo que se considera, los mejores proveedores según la actividad comercial que desarrolla la empresa, con base en estrategias DRP y TMS.The present work develops the proposal in Supply Chain Management and Logistics in the company Dolomita Rivera CIA LTDA, which was chosen as the object of study, taking into account the ease of a member of the group to access the general information of its internal processes and external. It is determined that the main functions for the company are based on the area of ​​acquisition of raw materials and purchases, but there are some shortcomings regarding planning, forecasting, and anticipation in the management of operational resources. Due to the above and taking Supply Chain Management as the maximum manager of productivity in supply and logistics, a series of observations is developed that range from the application as an example of the eight strategic processes according to the GSCF, the six processes according to APICS - SCOR, until the proposal of an inventory management model, a layout for the warehouse and the evaluation and selection of what is considered the best suppliers according to the commercial activity carried out by the company, based on DRP and TMS strategies

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field