Functional, metabolic and transcriptional maturation of human pancreatic islets derived from stem cells

Transplantation of pancreatic islet cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells is a promising treatment for diabetes. Despite progress in the generation of stem-cell-derived islets (SC-islets), no detailed characterization of their functional properties has been conducted. Here, we generated functionally mature SC-islets using an optimized protocol and benchmarked them comprehensively against primary adult islets. Biphasic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion developed during in vitro maturation, associated with cytoarchitectural reorganization and the increasing presence of alpha cells. Electrophysiology, signaling and exocytosis of SC-islets were similar to those of adult islets. Glucose-responsive insulin secretion was achieved despite differences in glycolytic and mitochondrial glucose metabolism. Single-cell transcriptomics of SC-islets in vitro and throughout 6 months of engraftment in mice revealed a continuous maturation trajectory culminating in a transcriptional landscape closely resembling that of primary islets. Our thorough evaluation of SC-islet maturation highlights their advanced degree of functionality and supports their use in further efforts to understand and combat diabetes. Pancreatic islets derived from stem cells are benchmarked against primary cells.Peer reviewe

Understaffing of nurses and its impact on nursingcare : A literature study

Background: The most central thing in healthcare is nursing care and its applicability in practice. Lack shortage of nurses is a growing problem globally that can be related to quality of nursing care. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate understaffing of nurses and its impact on nursing. Method: The study design is a literature study and the databases used are CINAHL and PubMed where scientific articles with a quantitative approach have been selected and analyzed. Friberg's analysis of studies has been applied in the work. Results: The analysis resulted in two themes; Inadequate care and Deficiencies and consequences. The result shows a connection between understaffing and unfinished nursing. Nurses experienced high burnout related to high workload. Conclusion: Nursing absence was related to understaffing and resulted in low quality of care and reduced patient safety. This is as a result of nurses needing to deprioritize certain nursing interventions.Bakgrund: En av de mest centrala inom hälso- och sjukvården är omvårdnad och dess tillämplighet i praktiken. Brist på sjuksköterskor är ett globalt växande problem som kan relateras till omvårdnadskvalitet. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka underbemanning av sjuksköterskor och dess inverkan på omvårdnaden. Metod: Studiedesignen är en litteraturstudie och databaser som använts är CINAHL samt PubMed där vetenskapliga artiklar av kvantitativ ansats valts ut och analyserats. Fribergs analys av studier har tillämpats i arbetet. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två teman; Otillräcklig omvårdnad samt Brister och konsekvenser. Resultatet visar ett samband mellan underbemanning och oavslutad omvårdnad. Sjuksköterskor upplevde hög utbrändhet relaterat till hög arbetsbelastning. Slutsats: Utebliven omvårdnad var relaterad till underbemanning och medförde låg vårdkvalitet och minskad patientsäkerhet. Detta till följd av att sjuksköterskor behövde prioritera bort vissa omvårdnadsinsatser