13,221 research outputs found
Thermal barrier coating on high temperature industrial gas turbine engines
The thermal barrier coating used was a yttria stabilized zirconia material with a NiCrAlY undercoat, and the base engine used to establish improvements was the P&WA FT50A-4 industrial gas turbine engine. The design benefits of thermal barrier coatings include simplified cooling schemes and the use of conventional alloys in the engine hot section. Cooling flow reductions and improved heating rates achieved with thermal barrier coating result in improved performance. Economic benefits include reduced power production costs and reduced fuel consumption. Over the 30,000 hour life of the thermal barrier coated parts, fuel savings equivalent to $5 million are projected and specific power (megawatts/mass of engine airflow) improvements on the order of 13% are estimated
Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Nuclei
The energies of , , and ground states, the
and scattering states of , the
ground states of , , and and the and
excited states of have been accurately calculated with the Green's
function Monte Carlo method using realistic models of two- and three-nucleon
interactions. The splitting of the isospin and
isospin , multiplets is also studied. The observed
energies and radii are generally well reproduced, however, some definite
differences between theory and experiment can be identified.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur
Meter-scale spark X-ray spectrumstatistics
X-ray emission by sparks implies bremsstrahlung from a population of
energetic electrons, but the details of this process remain a mystery. We
present detailed statistical analysis of X-ray spectra detected by multiple
detectors during sparks produced by 1 MV negative high-voltage pulses with 1
s risetime. With over 900 shots, we statistically analyze the signals,
assuming that the distribution of spark X-ray fluence behaves as a power law
and that the energy spectrum of X-rays detectable after traversing 2 m of
air and a thin aluminum shield is exponential. We then determine the parameters
of those distributions by fitting cumulative distribution functions to the
observations. The fit results match the observations very well if the mean of
the exponential X-ray energy distribution is 86 7 keV and the spark X-ray
fluence power law distribution has index -1.29 0.04 and spans at least 3
orders of magnitude in fluence
Relativistic electrons from sparks in the laboratory
Discharge experiments were carried out at the Eindhoven University of
Technology in 2013. The experimental setup was designed to search for electrons
produced in meter-scale sparks using a 1 MV Marx generator. Negative voltage
was applied to the high voltage (HV) electrode. Five thin (1 mm) plastic
detectors (5 each) were distributed in various configurations close
to the spark gap. Earlier studies have shown (for HV negative) that X-rays are
produced when a cloud of streamers is developed 30-60 cm from the negative
electrode. This indicates that the electrons producing the X-rays are also
accelerated at this location, that could be in the strong electric field from
counterstreamers of opposite polarity. Comparing our measurements with modeling
results, we find that 300 keV electrons produced about 30-60 cm from the
negative electrode are the most likely source of our measurements. A
statistical analysis of expected detection of photon bursts by these fiber
detectors indicates that only 20%-45% of the detected bursts could be from soft
(10 keV) photons, which further supports that the majority of detected
bursts are produced by relativistic electrons
The Electromagnetic Self-Energy Contribution to M_p - M_n and the Isovector Nucleon Magnetic Polarizability
We update the determination of the isovector nucleon electromagnetic
self-energy, valid to leading order in QED. A technical oversight in the
literature concerning the elastic contribution to Cottingham's formula is
corrected and modern knowledge of the structure functions is used to precisely
determine the inelastic contribution. We find \delta M_{p-n}^\gamma =
1.30(03)(47) MeV. The largest uncertainty arises from a subtraction term
required in the dispersive analysis, which can be related to the isovector
magnetic polarizability. With plausible model assumptions, we can combine our
calculation with additional input from lattice QCD to constrain this
polarizability as: \beta_{p-n} = -0.87(85) x 10^{-4} fm^3.Comment: 5 pages, version accepted for publication in PR
Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of nuclei
We report on quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the ground and low-lying
excited states of nuclei using realistic Hamiltonians containing the
Argonne two-nucleon potential alone or with one of several
three-nucleon potentials, including Urbana IX and three of the new Illinois
models. The calculations begin with correlated many-body wave functions that
have an -like core and multiple p-shell nucleons, -coupled to the
appropriate quantum numbers for the state of interest. After
optimization, these variational trial functions are used as input to a Green's
function Monte Carlo calculation of the energy, using a constrained path
algorithm. We find that the Hamiltonians that include Illinois three-nucleon
potentials reproduce ten states in Li, Be, Be, and B with
an rms deviation as little as 900 keV. In particular, we obtain the correct
3 ground state for B, whereas the Argonne alone or with
Urbana IX predicts a 1 ground state. In addition, we calculate isovector
and isotensor energy differences, electromagnetic moments, and one- and
two-body density distributions.Comment: 28 pages, 12 tables, 7 figure
Searching Data: A Review of Observational Data Retrieval Practices in Selected Disciplines
A cross-disciplinary examination of the user behaviours involved in seeking
and evaluating data is surprisingly absent from the research data discussion.
This review explores the data retrieval literature to identify commonalities in
how users search for and evaluate observational research data. Two analytical
frameworks rooted in information retrieval and science technology studies are
used to identify key similarities in practices as a first step toward
developing a model describing data retrieval
Phenomenological Lambda-Nuclear Interactions
Variational Monte Carlo calculations for (ground and
excited states) and are performed to decipher information on
-nuclear interactions. Appropriate operatorial nuclear and
-nuclear correlations have been incorporated to minimize the
expectation values of the energies. We use the Argonne two-body
NN along with the Urbana IX three-body NNN interactions. The study demonstrates
that a large part of the splitting energy in () is
due to the three-body NN forces. hypernucleus is
analyzed using the {\it s}-shell results. binding to nuclear matter
is calculated within the variational framework using the
Fermi-Hypernetted-Chain technique. There is a need to correctly incorporate the
three-body NN correlations for binding to nuclear matter.Comment: 18 pages (TeX), 2 figure
Support varieties for selfinjective algebras
Support varieties for any finite dimensional algebra over a field were
introduced by Snashall-Solberg using graded subalgebras of the Hochschild
cohomology. We mainly study these varieties for selfinjective algebras under
appropriate finite generation hypotheses. Then many of the standard results
from the theory of support varieties for finite groups generalize to this
situation. In particular, the complexity of the module equals the dimension of
its corresponding variety, all closed homogeneous varieties occur as the
variety of some module, the variety of an indecomposable module is connected,
periodic modules are lines and for symmetric algebras a generalization of
Webb's theorem is true
Scaling and Duality in Semi-exclusive Processes
We discuss extending scaling and duality studies to semi-exclusive processes.
We show that semi-exclusive hard pion photoproduction should exhibit scaling
behavior in kinematic regions where the photon and pion both interact directly
with the same quark. We show that such kinematic regions exist. We also show
that the constancy with changing momentum transfer of the resonance
peak/scaling curve ratio, familiar for many resonances in deep inelastic
scattering, is also expected in the semi-exclusive case.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.
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