Manejo a largo plazo del paciente atópico

Se describen varios aspectos del manejo de la dermatitis atópica canina: tratamiento de las dermatosis relacionadas o secundarias, tratamiento específico y tratamiento sintomático. Así se describe la terapia frente a las infecciones, el tratamiento de las DAPP, reacción alimentaria, queratoseborrea, otitis externa y dermatitis piotraumática. El tratamiento específico incluye la eliminación de alergenos y la inmunoterapia. En el tratamiento sintomático se pueden usar glucocorticoides, sustancias no esteroides de uso tópico, antihistamínicos, ácidos grasos esenciales y varios antiinflamatorios no esteroideos sistémicos, uno de los cuales es la ciclosporina. La clave del éxito en cada caso es una terapia combinada.

Dermatitis atópica canina : nuevos conceptos

La dermatitis atópica canina es una enfermedad inflamatoria y pruginosa de la piel con predisposición genéica y características clínicas determinadas. La mayoría de las veces está asociada a la producción de IgE frente a alérgenos mediambientales. Se describen los factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos que contribuyen a su desarrollo, así como los fenómenos de umbra y de suma de efectos. Se presenta el cuadro clínico y diagnóstico de la enfermedad.

El arte de los champús en dermatología canina y felina : estrategias de tratamiento y prevención

Este artículo revisa la tecnología actual relacionada con los champúes veterinarios utilizados para perros y gatos. Se exponen los criterios utilizados para evaluar su eficacia. Se revisan las indicaciones de uso de los champús en desórdenes queratoseborreicos, enfermedades parasitarias, enfermedades desórdenes queratoseborreicos, enfermedades alérgicas. En los desórdenes querato seborreicos, enfermedades paasitarias, enfermedades bacterianas, enfermedades fúngicas y enfermedades alérgicas. En los desórdenes queratoseborreicos, enfermedades parastarias, enfermedades alérgicas. En los desórdenes queratoseborreicos se utilizan agentes queratomodulares y antiseborreicos. En dermatología veterinaria no se usan frecuentemente antiparasitos y se discuten sus indicaciones y limitaciones.

El empleo de la rifampicina en el tratamiento de las piodermas profundas crónicas del perro : revisión bibliográfica y presentación de trece casos clínicos

Las piodermas profundas crónicas son entidades clínicas difíciles de curar debido a la escasa capacidad de los antibióticos para llegar con suficiente concentración a esas lesiones. La rifampicina es un antibacteriana sistémico de excelente penetración en los tejidos, especialmente en aquéllos que están fibrosados. Después de una revisión bibliográfica de las piodermas y de este antibiótico, los autores realizan dos estudios: uno retrospectivo (ocho casos) y otro prospectivo (cinco casos) que demuestran el interés del empleo de la rifampicina en el tratamiento de este tipo de infecciones cutáneas.Chronic deep pyoderma is difficult to treat owing to the limited capacity of antibiotics to adequately penetrate the lesions. Rifampicin is a systemic antibacterial agent with excellent penetra tian capability, especially in fibrous issues. A review of the literature on pyoderma and rifampicin is presented. Two studies of the efficacy of rifampicin are described, a retrospective study (eight cases) and a prospective study (five cases), which demonstrate the value of rifampicín in the treatment of chronic deep skin infections

Las dermatosis anales y perianales del perro

Después de un recuerdo de la anatomía del ano y de la zona perianal, los autores describen sus principales afecciones dermatológicas, ya sean exclusivas como en el cuadro de dermatosis más generalizadas. Igualmente proponen para cada caso una aproximación diagnóstica y las posibilidades terapéuticas.After a reminder of the anatomy of the anus and the perianal region, the authors describe the principle dermatological diseases of the anus, be the restricted to the anus or symptoms of more wide-spread dermatoses. They outline the diagnostic procedure to be followed and the therapeutical possibilities in each case

High-contrast imager for Complex Aperture Telescopes (HiCAT): 1. Testbed design

Searching for nearby habitable worlds with direct imaging and spectroscopy will require a telescope large enough to provide angular resolution and sensitivity to planets around a significant sample of stars. Segmented telescopes are a compelling option to obtain such large apertures. However, these telescope designs have a complex geometry (central obstruction, support structures, segmentation) that makes high-contrast imaging more challenging. We are developing a new high-contrast imaging testbed at STScI to provide an integrated solution for wavefront control and starlight suppression on complex aperture geometries. We present our approach for the testbed optical design, which defines the surface requirements for each mirror to minimize the amplitude-induced errors from the propagation of out-of-pupil surfaces. Our approach guarantees that the testbed will not be limited by these Fresnel propagation effects, but only by the aperture geometry. This approach involves iterations between classical ray-tracing optical design optimization, and end-to-end Fresnel propagation with wavefront control (e.g. Electric Field Conjugation / Stroke Minimization). The construction of the testbed is planned to start in late Fall 2013.Comment: Proc. of the SPIE 8864, 10 pages, 3 figures, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets V

Review of high-contrast imaging systems for current and future ground- and space-based telescopes I. Coronagraph design methods and optical performance metrics

The Optimal Optical Coronagraph (OOC) Workshop at the Lorentz Center in September 2017 in Leiden, the Netherlands gathered a diverse group of 25 researchers working on exoplanet instrumentation to stimulate the emergence and sharing of new ideas. In this first installment of a series of three papers summarizing the outcomes of the OOC workshop, we present an overview of design methods and optical performance metrics developed for coronagraph instruments. The design and optimization of coronagraphs for future telescopes has progressed rapidly over the past several years in the context of space mission studies for Exo-C, WFIRST, HabEx, and LUVOIR as well as ground-based telescopes. Design tools have been developed at several institutions to optimize a variety of coronagraph mask types. We aim to give a broad overview of the approaches used, examples of their utility, and provide the optimization tools to the community. Though it is clear that the basic function of coronagraphs is to suppress starlight while maintaining light from off-axis sources, our community lacks a general set of standard performance metrics that apply to both detecting and characterizing exoplanets. The attendees of the OOC workshop agreed that it would benefit our community to clearly define quantities for comparing the performance of coronagraph designs and systems. Therefore, we also present a set of metrics that may be applied to theoretical designs, testbeds, and deployed instruments. We show how these quantities may be used to easily relate the basic properties of the optical instrument to the detection significance of the given point source in the presence of realistic noise.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the SPIE, vol. 1069

Assessment of the interplay between blood and skin vascular abnormalities in adult purpura fulminans

RATIONALE: Purpura fulminans in adults is a rare but devastating disease. Its pathophysiology is not well known. OBJECTIVES: To understand the pathophysiology of skin lesions in purpura fulminans, the interplay between circulating blood and vascular alterations was assessed. METHODS: Prospective multicenter study in four intensive care units. Patients with severe sepsis without skin lesions were recruited as control subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty patients with severe sepsis and purpura fulminans were recruited for blood sampling, and skin biopsy was performed in deceased patients. High severity of disease and mortality rates (80%) was observed. Skin biopsies in purpura fulminans lesions revealed thrombosis and extensive vascular damage: vascular congestion and dilation, endothelial necrosis, alteration of markers of endothelial integrity (CD31) and of the protein C pathway receptors (endothelial protein C receptor, thrombomodulin). Elevated plasminogen activating inhibitor-1 mRNA was also observed. Comparison with control patients showed that these lesions were specific to purpura fulminans. By contrast, no difference was observed for blood hemostasis parameters, including soluble thrombomodulin, activated protein C, and disseminated intravascular coagulation markers. Bacterial presence at the vascular wall was observed specifically in areas of vascular damage in eight of nine patients tested (including patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection). CONCLUSIONS: Thrombi and extensive vascular damage with multifaceted prothrombotic local imbalance are characteristics of purpura fulminans. A "vascular wall infection" hypothesis, responsible for endothelial damage and subsequent skin lesions, can be put forward

Tailoring interfacial effect in multilayers with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction by helium ion irradiation

We show a method to control magnetic interfacial effects in multilayers with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) using helium (He+) ion irradiation. We report results from SQUID magnetometry, ferromagnetic resonance as well as Brillouin light scattering results on multilayers with DMI as a function of irradiation fluence to study the effect of irradiation on the magnetic properties of the multilayers. Our results show clear evidence of the He+irradiation effects on the magnetic properties which is consistent with interface modification due to the effects of the He+ irradiation. This external degree of freedom offers promising perspectives to further improve the control of magnetic skyrmions in multilayers, that could push them towards integration in future technologies