Comparative Study of Skin Folding of Dominant and Nondominant Hemibodies in Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

OBJECTIVE: To compare skin folds in the dominant and nondominant halves of the body in a group (A) of 20 individuals with cerebral palsy and spastic hemiplegia and a group (B) of 30 normal volunteers. METHOD: Body mass, height and skin folds were measured, and the percentage of body fat was estimated by adipose tissue measurement and densitometry. The mean age in group (A) was 24.6 ± 5.6 years (ranging from 16.1 to 38.1 years). The mean age in group (B) was 25.3 ± 3.8 years (ranging from 19.0 to 34.11 years). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the dominant and nondominant halves of the body for biceps, triceps, thoracic, suprailiac, thigh and midcalf skin folds in group A; the biceps, subscapular, midaxillary, suprailiac, abdominal, thigh and midcalf skin folds in group B; and the percentage fat obtained by adipose tissue measurement in both groups. Statistically significant differences were observed for the triceps skin fold when the dominant halves of the body in groups A and B were compared. Statistically significant differences were also observed for the biceps, triceps, thigh and midcalf skin folds as well as the adipose tissue measurements between the dominant and nondominant halves of the body in the two groups. The percentage fat as estimated by densitometry was significantly correlated with the adipose tissue measurement. CONCLUSION: There were statistically significant differences between the skin folds in the dominant and nondominant halves of the body, both in group A and in group B (greater in group A). There was a statistically significant correlation in the percentage fat as estimated by densitometry and as measured by adipose tissue in groups A and B

PROCESSOS DE TRANSMISSÃO DE CALOR: UMA ABORDAGEM DIDÁTICA INVESTIGATIVA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

This study presents the elaboration and application of an investigative teaching sequence about the heat transmission processes, with 9th grade elementary school students (Alto Horizonte-GO) held in September 2021. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, the investigative teaching sequence was organized in the remote modality in three stages: (i) a survey of prior students’ knowledge, (ii) the experiments and (iii) the socialization of the results found. With this organization, the students broke their dependence on the teacher and elaborated their own conclusions while carrying out the analysis of the experiments. Despite the limitations of remote learning mode, this study found that the proposed investigative teaching sequence had a positive impact on the students meaningful learning, such as a notable growing understanding about the concepts of heat and temperature when compared to their prior answers. The students also showed an appropriation of the concept of heat transmission in different daily situations. However, it is recommended to work on refining the central problem of investigative teaching sequence in new applications considering social particularities and using different strategies to reach more students, markedly in face-to-face teaching with social distancing context.O trabalho apresenta a elaboração e aplicação de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo (SEI) acerca dos processos de transmissão do calor, direcionada a estudantes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental do Colégio Municipal Divino Bernardo Gomes (Alto Horizonte-GO) e realizada em setembro de 2021. No contexto de pandemia da COVID-19, a SEI foi organizada em três momentos na modalidade remota: (i) levantamento de conhecimentos prévios, (ii) execução de experimentos e (iii) socialização dos resultados encontrados. Com essa organização, os estudantes romperam a dependência do professor e elaboraram as conclusões durante a realização de análise dos experimentos. Apesar das limitações do ensino remoto, o estudo constatou impactos positivos da SEI na aprendizagem dos estudantes, dentre os quais pode-se citar um aumento relevante de respostas satisfatórias em relação aos conceitos de calor e temperatura quando comparadas às respostas do levantamento prévio das questões problema e a apropriação do conceito de transmissão do calor em situações diversas. Recomenda-se trabalhar no refinamento do problema central da SEI em novas aplicações, com o uso de estratégias diferenciadas para alcançar mais estudantes, especialmente no ensino presencial com o distanciamento social

DA CONCEPÇÃO DE INVESTIGAÇÃO À ADOÇÃO DE UM PROBLEMA NA EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS: ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS

Neste trabalho, adotamos a experimentação como estratégia didático-pedagógica na educação em ciências e analisamos os elementos teóricos e metodológicos que podem ser por ela integrados. Em particular, abordamos os principais pressupostos do Ensino por Investigação e da Resolução de Problemas e suas inter-relações e possíveis amálgamas na construção de uma Abordagem Experimental Problematizada (AEP). Abordamos, precisamente, a inteligibilidade dos pressupostos sobre os quais estão configuradas essas duas estratégias e apresentamos, ainda, exemplos concretos para articular as estratégias referidas

From traditional teaching to initiation to research activities mathematics: de-constructing old habits

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2019-01-30T13:24:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Osmair Carlos dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2784423 bytes, checksum: 41fd6e1fbb5481af652ee2a547a78677 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2019-01-31T10:06:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Osmair Carlos dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2784423 bytes, checksum: 41fd6e1fbb5481af652ee2a547a78677 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-31T10:06:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Osmair Carlos dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2784423 bytes, checksum: 41fd6e1fbb5481af652ee2a547a78677 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-27The present work is the culmination of a project developed with the Professional Master's Program in Mathematics in National Network - PROFMAT, Campus UFG (GO). Its main objective was to study what changes we need to make in our classes towards mathematical research. The field applications were carried out in a 9th grade elementary school class, held in May, June and August of the year 2018. The research is based on the idea that the exploratory activities arouse the curiosity of the student and develop the logical reasoning, leading him to establish strategies, formulate his own questions, perform tests, becoming autonomous in order to build his own learning. For the development of this work, I opted for bibliographical research to understand more about mathematical research, allied to field research with the 9th grade students of the Municipal School Divino Bernardo Gomes, in the municipality of Alto Horizonte-GO, in order to verifying "in loco" the impacts of using this methodology in the process of teaching and learning. Thus, the work with investigative activities, despite presenting difficulties in its execution, is a factor that stimulates learning and the ability of the learner to develop transversal skills inherent in the maturation of criticality and skills essential for learning mathematical content.O presente trabalho é o culminar de um projeto desenvolvido junto ao Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional – PROFMAT, Campus UFG (GO). Teve como objetivo principal estudar quais mudanças precisamos realizar em nossas aulas rumo à investigação matemática. As aplicações em campo foram realizadas numa turma de 9º ano do ensino fundamental, ocorridas nos meses de maio, junho e agosto do ano de 2018. A pesquisa se fundamenta na ideia de que as atividades de cunho exploratório despertam a curiosidade do aluno e desenvolvem o raciocínio lógico, levando-o a estabelecer estratégias, formular seus próprios questionamentos, realizar testes, tornando-se autônomo de modo a construir sua própria aprendizagem. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, optei pela pesquisa bibliográfica para entender mais sobre a investigação matemática, aliada à pesquisa de campo com os alunos do 9ª ano do Ensino Fundamental do Colégio Municipal Divino Bernardo Gomes, no município de Alto Horizonte-GO, a fim de verificar “in loco” os impactos de se usar essa metodologia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Dessa forma, o trabalho com atividades investigativas, apesar de apresentar dificuldades em sua execução, constitui um fator que estimula o aprendizado e a capacidade de o educando desenvolver habilidades transversais inerentes para o amadurecimento da criticidade e habilidades imprescindíveis para o aprendizado de conteúdos de cunho matemático