Euprepina Hull, 1971: revisão das espécies e análise cladística(Diptera, Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae)

Presents the results of taxonomic studies on Euprepina Hull, 1971 (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae) a neotropical genus that includes nine species. Redescriptions of eight species: E. nuda Hull, 1971, E. amabilis (Wulp, 1881), E. beckeri Lamas & Couri, in press, E. bicincta (Wiedemann, 1830), E. caminaria (Wiedemann, 1830), E. knutsoni Hull, 1971, E. maracajula Hull, 1971 and E. truxalia Hull, 1971, with illustrations of male terminalia, spermathecae and labellum; two synonymies(E. bicincta Hull, 1971 = E. bicincta (Wiedemann, 1830) and E. shannoni Hull, 1971 = E. nuda Hull, 1971), a key to species and a cladogram are presented. E. goyaz Hull, 1971, was not included in this study, because none specimen of this species was examined. The cladogram was obtained from cladistic analysis of the eigth studied species, based on a data matrix with 19 characters and using the program PAUP 3.1.1 (SWOFFORD, 1991). Character states were polarized following outgroup analysis (W ATROUS & WHEELER, 1981; MADDISON et alii, 1984 ), and an hypothetical ancestor was included in the analysis in order to root the tree. The method of successive weighting was used and it resulted in a tree with ci = 0,620 and ri= 0,692. ln the analysis, the monophyly of Euprepina was supported by two synapomorphies: palps two-segmented and r-m crossvein which is placed beyond the apical half of the discal cell. The species were organized in two monophiletics groups, based respectively on the following synapomorphies: presence of black bristles in the posterior margim of scutellum; lateral aedeagal apodem long, exceeding gonocoxae margim (only in ACCTRAN optimization), for the group formed by E. amabilis, E. beckeri, E. bicincta and E. caminaria, and, palps with two colors; distiphalus short, not exceeding the apex of gonocoxites lobe, for the group formed by E. knutsoni, E. maracajula, E. nuda and E. truxalia.CAPESApresenta os resultados de estudos taxonômicos em Euprepina Hull, 1971 (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae), gênero neotropical, que abrange nove espécies. São feitas redescrições de oito espécies: E. nuda Hull, 1971, E. amabilis (Wulp, 1881 ), E. beckeri Lamas & Couri, no prelo, E. bicincta (Wiedemann, 1830), E. caminaria (Wiedemann, 1830), E. knutsoni Hull, 1971, E. maracajula Hull, 1971 e E. truxalia Hull, 1971, com ilustrações da terminália masculina, espermateca e labelo; duas sinonímias (E. bicincta Hull, 1971 = E. bicincta (Wiedemann, 1830) e E. shannoni Hull, 1971 = E. nuda Hull, 1971); uma chave para identificação das espécies e um cladograma resultante da análise cladística realizada para as oito espécies estudadas. E. goyaz Hull, 1971, não foi incluída neste estudo, pois não foi possível examinar exemplares desta espécie. O cladograma foi obtido através de uma matriz contendo 19 caracteres, submetida a análise no programa PAUP 3.1.1 (SWOFFORD, 1993). Os caracteres foram polarizados seguindo o método de comparação com grupo-externo (WATROUS & WHEELER, 1981; MADDISON et alii, 1984), e para o enraizamento do cladograma foi utilizado um ancestral hipotético. Os resultados apresentados pelo PAUP, após ponderação sucessiva, geraram uma árvore com ci = 0,620 e ri = 0,692. Na análise, o monofiletismo de Euprepina foi suportado por duas sinapomorfias: palpos com dois segmentos e veia transversal r-m posicionada além da metade apical da célula discal. As espécies foram organizadas em dois grupos monofiléticos, com base respectivamente nas seguintes sinapomorfias: presença de cerdas negras na margem posterior do escutelo; apódema do edeago lateral longo, ultrapassando a margem da gonocoxa (somente em otimização ACCTRAN), para o grupo constituído por E. amabilis, E. beckeri, E. bicincta e E. caminaria, e, palpos com duas tonalidades de cor; distifalo curto, não ultrapassando o ápice do lobo do gonocoxito, para o grupo constituído por E. knutsoni, E. maracajula, E. nuda e E. truxalia

An illustrated catalogue of the types of Blephariceridae (Diptera) in the collection of Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

Kelloggina Williston, 1907 is one of the least studied Blephariceridae genera in the world, despite being the most diverse in the Neotropics with 34 species. We provide a catalogue with the 14 nominal species of the genus described by Lane and d’Andretta from the Southeastern Region of Brazil, of which the type-specimens are deposited at the Diptera Collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. There are 60 specimens deposited at this museum, including male holotypes of 14 species and females “allotypes” (paratypes) for seven species. We include male diagnoses and photographs of the holotypes of all species

Descrição da larva e pupa de Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot (Diptera, Asilidae, Ommatiinae)

Description of the larva and pupal case of Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot (Diptera, Asilidae, Ommatiinae). The last instar larva and the pupal case of Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot, 1896 from a Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) area in São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, are for the first time described and illustrated.Larva de último instar e pupário de Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot, 1896 de uma área de Cerrado no estado de São Paulo são, pela primeira vez, descritas e ilustradas

Catalogue of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) types housed in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

Following a recommendation of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, this paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP). Label data and the condition of 21 type specimens (two holotypes and 19 paratypes) of two Neotropical species is provided. Photographs of the male terminalia of the holotypes are also presented

Catalogue of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) types housed in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

Following a recommendation of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, this paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP). Label data and the condition of 21 type specimens (two holotypes and 19 paratypes) of two Neotropical species is provided. Photographs of the male terminalia of the holotypes are also presented

Catalogue of Rangomaramidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) types housed in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

This paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of Rangomaramidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP). Label data and the condition of 26 type-specimens (three holotypes and 23 paratypes) of four Neotropical species are provided

O entomólogo brasileiro Messias Carrera (1907–1994): Perfil biobibliográfico

O entomólogo brasileiro Messias Carrera (1907‑1994): Perfil Biobibliográfico. O presente artigo tem como foco a trajetória de vida e a produção bibliográfica do entomólogo e divulgador da ciência Messias Carrera (1907‑1994), sendo apresentados aspectos de seu perfil pessoal, de sua formação acadêmica e de seu desenvolvimento profissional. O seu papel como pesquisador do Departamento de Zoologia da Secretaria de Agricultura, Indústria e Comércio do Estado de São Paulo, atual Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, é enfatizado, tendo atuado principalmente na taxonomia dos insetos da ordem Diptera e na divulgação científica entre as décadas de 1930 e 1990. Carrera foi um pesquisador e divulgador de ciência a frente do seu tempo. Sua produção intelectual, circunscrita às esferas científica, tecnológica e “humanística”, acrescenta avanços importantes para as relativas áreas do conhecimento.The present article focuses on the life trajectory and the bibliographic production of the entomologist and science communicator Messias Carrera (1907-1994), presenting aspects of his personal profile, academic training and professional development. His role as a researcher in the Zoology Department of Secretaria de Agricultura, Indústria e Comércio do Estado de São Paulo, currently Museu de Zoologia of the Universidade de São Paulo, is emphasized, having worked mainly in the taxonomy of insects of the order Diptera and in science communication between the 1930s and 1990s. Carrera was a science researcher and communicator ahead of his time. His intellectual production, limited to the scientific, technological and “humanistic” spheres, adds important advances to the relative areas of knowledge

Taxonomic revision of Pseudorhopalia Wilcox & Papavero, 1971 (Insecta,\ud Diptera, Mydidae, Rhopaliinae), with description of a new species from the\ud Brazilian Amazon

The previously monotypic genus Pseudorhopalia Wilcox & Papavero, 1971 is here revised, with description of a new species,\ud Pseudorhopalia manauara, sp. n. The type-species, P. mirandai (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1951), is only found in northeastern\ud Brazil, in the semiarid Caatinga biome. On the other hand, the new species is found in the humid Brazilian\ud Amazonia, within dense ombrophilous forest and campina (scleromorphic scrub vegetation associated with white sand).We are very thankful to Drs. Rodrigo Vieira and Edgar Alvim for sorting the Pseudorhopalia specimens deposited at INPA Invertebrate Collection, and Dr. Augusto Loureiro, who kindly loaned the mentioned specimens for our study. We thank Drs. Rosaly Ale-Rocha and Alexandre Somavilla for additional information on collecting areas of the Amazonian specimens studied. We are also very thankful to Drs. Steve Gaimari, Shaun Winterton and Neal Evenhuis for the fine review of the manuscript. This project was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP (Procs 2009/17190-1 and 2009/07803-6 and 2013/05131-6), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq (Proc 150855/2013-3)

A new species of Brethesiamyia Maia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Colombia with description of immature forms

A new species of Brethesiamyia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described from Colombia, which represents the first record of the genus for the country. We described the species based on male, female, pupa, larva of third instar and gall morphology, which the larva induces on leaves of Myrcia sp. (Myrtaceae) from the foothills situated at the connection of the Andes and the Amazon basin from Colombia. The first description of the third larval instar is provided for the genus

Phylogeny and biogeography of Heterostylum (Diptera: Bombyliidae): Evidence for an ancient Caribbean diversification model

A cladistic and biogeographic analysis is presented of Heterostylum Macquart (Diptera: Bombyliidae), a New World bee-fly genus with 14 species. A phylogenetic hypothesis was obtained based on a data matrix with 27 characters, using the cladogram analysis and search program, TNT, and the matrix editing and tree viewing program, WINCLADA. Character states were polarized by tree rooting with the following outgroup taxa: Toxophora aurea Macquart, Apiformyia australis Yeates, Triploechus novus Williston, T. bellus Philippi, and T. heteronevrus Macquart. The monophyly of Heterostylum was well supported, and after successive weighting was applied, 2 major clades were found: a Nearctic clade including H. robustum (Osten Sacken), H. helvolum Hall & Evenhuis, H. deani Painter, H. croceum Painter, and H. engelhardti Painter, and a Neotropical clade with H. haemorrhoicum (Loew), H. rufum (Olivier), H. evenhuisi Cunha & Lamas, H. maculipennis Cunha & Lamas, H. ferrugineum (Fabricius), H. hirsutum (Thunberg), and H. pallipes Bigot. For the biogeographic analysis we derived an area cladogram based on the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained to analyze the distributional pattern and spatial diversification of Heterostylum. The divergence between Nearctic and Neotropical clades is associated with a spatial disjunction along the Mexican Transition Zone, which supports evidence that an ancient Caribbean event was mainly responsible for the diversification of major lineages of Heterostylum. This biogeographic scenario, as well as alternative scenarios, was also analyzed and discussed along with the results obtained from an event-based biogeographical analysis (DIVA).Se presenta un análisis cladístico y biogeográfico del género Heterostylum Macquart (Diptera: Bombyliidae), un género de mosca-abeja del Nuevo Mundo con 14 especies. Se obtuvo una hipótesis filogenética basado sobre una matriz de datos con 27 caracteres, utilizando el análisis de cladograma y un programa de búsqueda, TNT, y el programa de edición de matriz y de visualizar el árbol, WINCLADA. Los estados de los carácteres fueron polarizados por el árbol de enraizamiento con el siguiente taxa del grupo externo: Toxophora aurea Macquart, Apiformyia australis Yeates, Triploechus novus Williston, T. bellus Filipos y T. heteronevrus Macquart. La monofilia de Heterostylum fue bien apoyado, y después de aplicar parcialidad sucesiva, se encontraron 2 clados principales: el clan Neártica que incluye H. robustum (Osten Sacken), H. helvolum Hall & Evenhuis, H. deani Painter, H. croceum Painter, y H. engelhardti Painter, y el clados Neotropical con H. haemorrhoicum (Loew), H. rufum (Olivier), H. evenhuisi Cunha y Lamas, H. maculipennis Cunha y Lamas, H. ferrugineum (Fabricius), H. hirsutum (Thunberg), y H. pallipes Bigot. Para el análisis biogeográfico derivamos un cladograma de área basada en la hipótesis filogenética obtenida al analizar el patrón de distribución y la diversificación espacial de Heterostylum. La divergencia entre los clanes del Neártico y Neotropico se asocia con una disyunción espacial por la Zona de Transición Mexicana, que apoya la evidencia de que un evento antiguo del Caribe fue responsable principalmente por la diversificación de los principales linajes de Heterostylum. Este escenario biogeográfico, así como los escenarios alternativos, también fueron analizados y discutidos junto con los resultados obtenidos de un análisis biogeográfico basado en eventos (DIVA).The authors thank David Notton (BMNH), Neal Evenhuis (Bishop Museum, Hawaii, USA), curator of the USNM Bombyliidae collection, and Claudio José Barros de Carvalho (DZUP), for loaning us specimens of Heterostylum. Special thanks to Fernando Marques for help in calculating the Bremer support on TNT; to Peterson Lopes for providing the macro file for calculating characters indexes on TNT; to John Grehan and Augusto Ferrari for valuable comments on the manuscript; and to Isabel Sanmartín for discussion on DIVA methodology. Financial support from FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) (Proc. No. 2004/09431-5, 2009/17190-1, 2010/52314-0 to CJEL and 2007/50836-7 to SSN) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) (Proc. No. 563256/2010-9)