Seleção recorrente em famílias endogâmicas em milho pipoca

Embora muito apreciada no Brasil, o milho pipoca comercial é normalmente cultivado em pequena escala. Para aumentar a produção, alguns problemas precisam ser resolvidos, principalmente a obtenção de sementes com boas características agronômicas e culinárias. Com o objetivo de obter genótipos superiores de milho pipoca, foi conduzido um segundo ciclo de seleção recorrente intrapopulacional, com base em famílias endogâmicas S1. Duzentas e vinte e duas famílias S1 foram obtidas a partir do ciclo 1 da população UNB-2U e foram avaliadas em delineamento de blocos casualizados com duas repetições dentro de 'sets', em dois locais no Brasil. A presença de significância estatística para 'sets' para as características número de espigas doentes e sadias, capacidade de expansão, número de plantas quebradas e número de espigas mal empalhadas, comprova a eficiência e a necessidade do uso de modelo estatístico hierarquizado por 'sets'. Constatou-se significância (1% teste F), para famílias dentro de 'sets', revelando suficiente variabilidade genética a ser explorada em ciclos futuros, essencial para o sucesso do programa. A seleção das famílias superiores, realizada com base no Índice Clássico de Smith e Hazel, proporcionou ganhos preditos de 17,8% para capacidade de expansão e de 26,95% para produção de grãos.Although much appreciated in Brazil, commercial popcorn is currently cropped on a fairly small scale. A number of problems need to be solved to increase production, notably the obtaintion of seeds with good agronomic traits and good culinary characteristics. With the objective of developing superior genotypes in popcorn, a second cycle of intrapopulation recurrent selection based on inbred S1 families was carried out. From the first cycle of selection over the UNB-2U population, 222 S1 families were obtained, which were then divided into six sets and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications within the sets. Experiments were carried out in two Brazilian localities. The analysis of variance revealed environmental effects for all evaluated traits, except popping and stand, showing that, for most traits, these environments affected genotype behavior in different ways. In addition, the set as source of variation was significant for most of the evaluated traits, indicating that dividing the families into sets was an efficient strategy. Genotype-by-environment interaction was detected for most traits, except popping expansion and stand. Differences among genotypes were also detected (1% F-test), making viable the proposition of using the genetic variability in the popcorn population as a basis for future recurrent selection cycles. Superior families were selected using the Smith and Hazel classic index, with predicted genetic gains of 17.8% for popping expansion and 26.95% for yield

Influência da densidade foliar na distribuição de calda no dossel do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.)

The inadequacy of the spray volume applied to the target can result in low efficiency and environmental contamination. The objective was to evaluate the influence of canopy characteristics in the distribution of syrup in coffee (Coffea arabica L.). The treatments were applied in a C. cv. “plot Red-144 Catuaí” with average growing volume of 12501 m³ ha-1. The treatments were arranged in sub-scheme of split plots, being three foliar densities (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg m-3 plant-1) constituting the plots, five spray volumes (200; 300; 500, 600 and 800 L ha-1) constituting the subplots and three positions in the coffee canopy (upper Third, middle and lower) constituting the sub-subplots, with four replications. The evaluations were conducted in the months of March, July and December 2015. The variables analyzed were: spray deposition drops density (DD), volume median diameter (VMD) of the droplets and relative amplitude (SPAN) drops spectrum. Density 1.0 kg m-3 plant-1 provided higher spray deposition at densities of 1.5 and 2.0 kg m-3 plant-1 in top positions, middle and lower. In the middle position the leaf density 2.0 kg m-3plant-1 provided DD drops 52 and 44% lower than the 1.0 to 1.5 kg m-3 plant-1, respectively. The average VMD was 184 m and the SPAN 1,3. We conclude that the increase in leaf density provides significant reduction in spray distribution within the canopy of the coffee plants.A falta de adequação do volume de calda aplicado no alvo pode resultar em baixa eficácia e contaminação ambiental. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a influência das características do dossel na distribuição de calda na cultura do café (Coffea arabica L.). Os tratamentos foram aplicados em um talhão de C. arabica cv. ‘Catuaí Vermelho-144”, com volume vegetativo médio de 12501 m³ ha-1. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas, sendo: três densidades foliares (1,0; 1,5 e 2,0, kg m-3 planta-1) constituindo as parcelas, cinco volumes de calda (200; 300; 500; 600 e 800 L ha-1) constituindo as subparcelas e três posições no dossel do cafeeiro (Terço superior, mediano e inferior) constituindo as sub-subparcelas, com quatro repetições. As avaliações foram realizadas nos meses de Março, Julho e Dezembro de 2015. As variáveis analisadas foram: deposição de calda, densidade de gotas (DEN), diâmetro mediano volumétrico (DMV) das gotas e amplitude relativa (SPAN) do espectro de gotas. A densidade 1,0 kg m-3 planta-1 proporcionou deposição de calda superior às densidades de 1,5 e 2,0 kg m-3 planta-1 nas posições superior, mediana e inferior. Na posição mediana a densidade foliar 2,0 kg m-3 planta-1 proporcionou DEN de gotas 52 e 44 % inferior às de 1,0 e 1,5 kg m-3 planta-1, respectivamente. O DMV médio foi de 184 µm e o SPAN de 1,3. Conclui-se que o aumento da densidade foliar proporciona redução significativa na distribuição de calda no interior do dossel das plantas de café

J-PLUS: A wide-field multi-band study of the M15 globular cluster. Evidence of multiple stellar populations in the RGB

The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) provides wide field-of-view images in 12 narrow, intermediate and broad-band filters optimized for stellar photometry. Here we have applied J-PLUS data for the first time for the study of Galactic GCs using science verification data obtained for the very metal-poor GC M\,15. Our J-PLUS data provide low-resolution spectral energy distributions covering the near-UV to the near-IR, allowing us to search for MPs based on pseudo-spectral fitting diagnostics. J-PLUS CMDs are found to be particularly useful to search for splits in the sequences formed by the upper red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We interpret these split sequences as evidence for the presence of MPs. This demonstrates that the J-PLUS survey will have sufficient spatial coverage and spectral resolution to perform a large statistical study of GCs through multi-band photometry in the coming years.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication @ A&

On the design and development of emulation platforms for NFV-based infrastructures

Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) presents several advantages over traditional network architectures, such as flexibility, security, and reduced CAPEX/OPEX. In traditional middleboxes, network functions are usually executed on specialised hardware (e.g., firewall, DPI). Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) on the other hand, are executed on commodity hardware, employing Software Defined Networking (SDN) technologies (e.g., OpenFlow, P4). Although platforms for prototyping NFV environments have emerged in recent years, they still present limitations that hinder the evaluation of NFV scenarios such as fog computing and heterogeneous networks. In this work, we present NIEP: a platform for designing and testing NFV-based infrastructures and VNFs. NIEP consists of a network emulator and a platform for Click-based VNFs development. NIEP provides a complete NFV emulation environment, allowing network operators to test their solutions in a controlled scenario prior to deployment in production networks

Níveis diferentes de MT-I/II entre pacientes com MTLE com ou sem crise generalizada: os níveis hipocampais de MT-I/II afetam o alastramento das crises, ou o alastramento das crises promove expressão diferencial de MT-I/II?

In the central nervous system, zinc is released along with glutamate during neurotransmission and, in excess, can promote neuronal death. Experimental studies have shown that metallothioneins I/II (MT-I/II), which chelate free zinc, can affect seizures and reduce neuronal death after status epilepticus. Our aim was to evaluate the expression of MT-I/II in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Hippocampi from patients with pharmacoresistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) were evaluated for expression of MT-I/II and for neuronal, astroglial, and microglial populations. Compared to control cases, MTLE group displayed widespread increase in MT-I/II expression, astrogliosis and reduced neuronal population. MT-I/II levels did not correlate with any clinical variables, but patients with secondary generalized seizures (SGS) had less MT-I/II than patients without SGS. In conclusion, MT-I/II expression was increased in hippocampi from MTLE patients and our data suggest that it may be associated with different seizure spread patterns