Prevalência da paracoccidioidomicose por intradermorreação em áreas rurais de Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of paracoccidioidal infection by intradermal reaction (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity, DTH) to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in rural areas in Alfenas, Southern Minas Gerais (MG) State, Brazil, and to assess risk factors (gender, occupation, age, alcohol intake and smoking) associated with infection. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using intradermal tests with gp 43 paracoccidioidin in 542 participants, who were previously contacted by local health agents and so spontaneously attended the test. Participants underwent an interview by filling out a registration form with epidemiological data and were tested with an intradermal administration of 0.1 mL of paracoccidioidin in the left forearm. The test was read 48 hours after injection and was considered positive if induration was greater than or equal to 5 mm. Out of 542 participants, 46.67% were positive to the skin test. Prevalence increased in accordance with an increase of age. There was statistical significance only for males. Occupation, alcohol intake and smoking habits were not significantly associated with the risk of paracoccidioidomycosis infection. There is relevance of paracoccidioidomycosis infection in such rural areas, which suggests that further epidemiological and clinical studies on this mycosis should be done in the southern part of Minas Gerais State.Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de sensibilização da pele pelo Paracoccidioides brasiliensis em áreas rurais em Alfenas, MG, Brasil, e avaliar os fatores de risco associados à infecção. Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional utilizando testes intradérmicos com paracoccidioidina em 542 indivíduos selecionados por demanda espontânea. Os participantes foram submetidos a uma entrevista através do preenchimento de um formulário de inscrição com os dados epidemiológicos e os testes com a administração intradérmica de 0,1 mL de paracoccidioidina no antebraço esquerdo. O teste foi lido 48 h após a injeção e foi considerado positivo se enduramento era maior ou igual a 5 mm. De 542, 46,67% participantes foram positivos ao teste de pele. Prevalência aumentou de acordo com o aumento da idade. Houve significância estatística apenas para o sexo masculino. Profissão, alcoolismo e tabagismo não foram significativamente associados com o risco de infecção paracoccidioidomicose. Há relevância da infecção paracoccidioidomicose em áreas rurais, o que sugere mais estudos epidemiológicos e clínicos sobre esta micose no sul do estado de Minas Gerais

Effects of a ferment soy product on the adipocyte area reduction and dyslipidemia control in hypercholesterolemic adult male rats

Background: Available data on the effects of a fermented soy product enriched with Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus Jugurti on circulating lipids and adiposity are not completely settled. This study aimed to observe the effects of a fermented soy product enriched with Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus Jugurti on central obesity and dyslipidemia control in Wistar adult male rats.Methods: Over a period of 8 weeks, animals had ad libitum food intake and water consumption as well as body weight and food consumption was monitored. the animals were assigned to four different experimental groups: Control Group (C); Control + Fermented Product Group (CPF); Hypercholesterolemic diet group (H); and Hypercholesterolemic + Fermented Product Group (HPF). the HPF and CPF groups received an intragastric administration of 1 ml of fermented product daily. After the experimental period the animals were killed by decapitation, blood was collected to measure cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol plasma concentration. Adipocyte circumference, lipolysis and lipogenis rates were measures using epididymal and retroperitoneal white adipose tissues.Results: the results demonstrated that 1 ml/day/rat of the fermented soy product promoted important benefits such as reduced cholesterolemia in hypercholesterolemic diet group and the adipocyte circumference in both control and hypercholesterolemic diet group.Conclusion: the fermented soy product enriched with Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus Jugurti decreased circulating lipids levels and reduced adipocyte area in rats.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Fed Uberlandia, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc