Affect: what is teacher confirmation and what effect does it have on learning?

In the field of affect, research has shown that it is important for young learners to feel confirmed and recognized. This study aimed to look at how I can measure affect in the primary Foreign Language (FL) classroom and discover the implications in my pedagogical practice. My research involved creating a Primary Teacher Confirmation Scale (PTCS) and using it to help me reflect on and manage my behavior and attitude in class. Data was collected via questionnaires, class notes and reflections and feedback from my co-operating teacher. The PTCS proved to be a valuable tool to measure affect, and contributed to helping me improve the classroom environment, the students’ motivation and my awareness of how the children perceived me as their teacher. This scale can help teachers measure affect in their classrooms and self-reflect to better improve the teaching and learning of English in the primary classroom.Na área do afeto as pesquisas demonstram como é importante que as crianças se sintam confirmadas e reconhecidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo perceber como se pode medir o afeto nas aulas de língua estrangeira, no 1º ciclo, e descobrir quais as implicações do afeto nas práticas pedagógicas. Pretendi com a minha pesquisa criar uma “Primary Teacher Confirmation Scale” (PTCS) que me ajudasse na refleção sobre os meus próprios comportamentos e atitudes para com os alunos na sala de aula e monitorizá-los. Foram recolhidos dados através de questionários, notas da sala de aula, reflexões e “feedback” da professora cooperante. A PTCS provou ser uma ferramenta valiosa para medir o afeto e contribuiu para melhorar o ambiente da sala de aula, a motivação dos alunos na aprendizagem da língua e para aumentar a minha consciência sobre a forma como os meus alunos me veem. A escala criada pode ajudar os professores a monitorizar o afeto nas suas salas de aula e a refletirem sobre formas de melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem dos conteúdos académicos no 1º ciclo

Projeto de extensão faladeiras: análise da formação para atenção à mulher vítima de violência

TCC (Graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Socioeconômico. Serviço Social.Este trabalho de conclusão de curso tem por objetivo sistematizar a experiência do projeto de extensão Faladeiras e, assim, contribuir para o debate sobre a extensão na universidade pública e a formação para atenção à mulher vítima de violência. Far-se-á a contextualização da Extensão no Brasil com base em dados históricos para melhor entendimento de como surgiu e como se mantém. A contextualização do Faladeiras, um projeto feminista na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, com apresentação de dados de cada edição com foco na edição de 2019. E por fim, a partir dos dados apresentados, será feita uma discussão acerca da dificuldade de se fazer extensão universitária a partir da experiência da edição de 2019 do projeto de extensão Faladeiras sobre a formação de agentes que atendem mulheres vítimas de violência.This course conclusion work aims to systematize the experience of the Faladeiras extension project and, thus, contribute to the debate about extension at the public university and the training for the care of women victims of violence. We will contextualize the Extension in Brazil with historical data for a better understanding of how it emerged and how it is maintained. The contextualization of Faladeiras, a feminist project at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, with presentation of data from each edition with a focus on the 2019 edition. And finally, from the data presented, we will have a discussion about the difficulty of doing university extension from the experience of the 2019 edition of the Faladeiras extension project on the training of agents who assist women victims of violence

identifying and comparing critical areas through spatial analysis

BACKGROUND: Hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions have been used to assess the performance of primary health care. Few studies have compared geographic variation in rates of avoidable hospitalizations and characteristics of high-risk areas within and between countries. The aim of this study was to identify and compare critical areas of avoidable hospitalizations in Brazil and Portugal, because these countries have reformed their primary health care systems in recent years and have similar organizational characteristics. METHODS: An ecological study on hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions produced in Brazil and Portugal in 2015 was used. Geographic variation of rates were analyzed and compared at the municipal level. A spatial scan statistic was employed to identify clusters with higher risk of hospitalizations for acute and chronic conditions in each country separately. Socioeconomic and primary health care characteristics of critical areas were compared to non-critical areas. RESULTS: There were high variations in rates of avoidable hospitalizations within and between Brazil and Portugal, with higher variations found in Brazil. A more evident pattern of rates was found in Portugal. Rates and cluster distribution of acute and chronic conditions had significant agreement for both countries. The differences in primary health care and socioeconomic characteristics between areas identified as high risk clusters and non-clusters varied between category of conditions and between countries. CONCLUSION: Brazil and Portugal presented expressive regional differences with respect to rates of avoidable hospitalizations, indicating that there is room to improve by reducing such events in both countries. Different areas presented distinct interactions between primary health care, socioeconomic characteristics, and avoidable hospitalizations. Results indicate that the primary health care reforms, with similar organizational characteristics in different contexts, did not produce similar results either between or within countries. Possible actions to reduce these events should be defined at a local level.publishersversionpublishe

CITIZEN SCIENCE

Editoria

Adult Attitudes and Adverse Childhood Experiences: Implications for Child Maltreatment

In the United States, approximately $124 billion is spent annually on mental health and medical diagnosis as a result of the negative effects of adverse childhood experiences. These experiences can result in both mental and physical illness as well as a pattern of instability across the lifespan, which may affect adult attitudes toward child maltreatment and perpetuate the cycle of abuse. The purpose of this quantitative regression study was to examine any association between a person’s adverse childhood experiences and attitudes of what defined child maltreatment. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory was the framework. A total of 98 participants took part in this study. The research question explored whether there was an association between a person’s adverse childhood experiences as measured by the ACE Questionnaire, and components of child abuse as measured by the Defining Child Abuse Vignettes, considering education, marital status, and parental status. People with higher adverse childhood experiences were expected to score child maltreatment as being less severe as they might have normalized their adverse childhood experiences from childhood and continued the cycle of abuse. Findings suggested that the hypothesis was not supported. Multiple regression analysis showed no correlation between the variables. The findings of this study may be used for positive social change for policymakers who might support a more child-centered policy that values the prevention of child maltreatment for positive social change

Um barracão, jovens professores e um projeto de universidade-intectualidade nacional: a UnB a partir do olhar do crítico literário Heron de Alencar

Many Brazilian people, hailing from different places, including some exiled by the military coup of 1964, were involved in the construction of UnB, which is why this occasion for the celebration of its 50 years is conducive to the emergence of memories of those who were there in 1962. Part of this memory can be known through the biography and archives of the professor and literary critic Heron de Alencar, which include his essays about the University, documents, organizational charts of the course in Portuguese, letters and classes programme. I will highlight here some reflexions evident in part of this material.Muitos foram os brasileiros, oriundos de distintos lugares, envolvidos na construção da UnB, daí porque esta ocasião de comemoraçãodos seus 50 anos ser propícia à emergência das memórias dos que ali estiveram em 1962. Parte dessa memória pode ser conhecida atravésdo acervo do professor e crítico literário Heron de Alencar que contém seus ensaios sobre a Universidade, documentos, organogramado curso de letras, cartas e programa de aulas. Destacarei algumas reflexões evidentes em parte deste material

Proceso orientativo en la transición a la universidad del alumnado con neae: revisión teórica

La incorporación del alumnado con Necesidades Educativas de Apoyo Educativo (NEAE) a estudios superiores supone un tema de mucho interés en la actualidad, pues a pesar de la importancia del papel orientador en esta transición, no existe una guía clara sobre cómo proceder con este colectivo. Existen diversas herramientas para la orientación académica en Secundaria y en la universidad, pero cabe cuestionarse qué ocurre en el paso entre etapas. Por lo tanto, se plantea como objetivo principal del presente estudio, analizar la realidad actual y la transformación que ha experimentado este tránsito de Bachillerato hacia la Universidad en el alumnado con NEAE, el papel del orientador/a y de los propios centros educativos en este proceso, así como los recursos de que se disponen e investigaciones realizadas al respecto. Para llevarlo a cabo se ha realizado una búsqueda de la literatura existente, y los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir la necesidad de incorporar nuevas medidas que respondan a la demanda del alumnado con NEAE de recibir mejor información y orientación en las etapas preuniversitarias para afrontar el proceso de transiciónThe incorporation of students with Educational Support Needs into higher education is a topic of interest today, because despite the importance of the guidance role in this transition, there is no clear guide on how to proceed with this group. There are various tools for academic guidance in secondary and university, but it is questionable what happens in the step between stages. Therefore, it is proposed as the main objective of this study, to analyze the current reality and the transformation that has experienced this transition from Baccalaureate to University in students with NEAE, the role of the counsellor and the educational institutions themselves in this process, as well as the resources available and research carried out in this regard. In order to do this, a search has been carries out for existing literature, and the results obtained allow to conclude the need to incorpórate new measures that respond to the demand of students with educational needs to receive better information and guidance in the pre-university stages to fase the transition process

Síntese e actividade antitumoral de compostos análogos do psoraleno

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências (área de especialização em Química)O objetivo definido para esta tese consistia na síntese de compostos análogos de psoraleno com núcleos de dibenzofurano, carbazole e dibenzotiofeno e no estudo da sua atividade anti-tumoral contra algumas linhas celulares de cancro humano. As estratégias de síntese utilizadas para a preparação destes análogos foram baseadas em métodos descritos na literatura para reações de compostos aromáticos e heteroaromáticos. O objetivo último das sínteses é a formação do anel de piranona pelo que a sequência reacional utilizada requer substratos adequados à sua formação. Para a síntese de alguns análogos são necessários substratos do tipo o-hidroxialdeídos como compostos de partida pelo que foi necessário proceder à sua síntese por introdução do grupo aldeído, em posição orto relativamente ao grupo hidroxilo, por reação de formilação de Reimer-Tiemann. A formação do anel de piranona foi realizada por reação destes substratos com malonato de dietilo (condensação de Knoevenagel) ou com um fosforano (reação de Wittig). Destas reações obtiveram-se os análogos de estrutura angular. Alguns análogos foram obtidos por reação de Pechmann utilizando como precursores reagentes comerciais hidroxilados (2-hidroxidibenzofurano e 2-hidroxicarbazole) que por reação com compostos -cetoéster (acetoacetato de etilo e 2-cloroacetoacetato de etilo) originaram os produtos pretendidos, com estrutura linear e/ou angular. Para os análogos com núcleo de enxofre, o composto hidroxilado não estava disponível comercialmente pelo que foi necessário proceder à reação de hidroxilação do dibenzotiofeno com vista à obtenção do precursor que, sob condições de Pechmann, conduziu à formação dos análogos de psoraleno. Também foram realizadas reações de acoplamento, sob condições de Ullmann, entre a 7-hidroxi-4-metilcumarina (comercial) e brometos de arilo para obtenção de éteres difenílicos. Estes éteres foram submetidos a reações de oxidação, catalisadas por paládio e/ou cobre, mas de modo geral estas reações não foram bem sucedidas, dado que os isómeros obtidos, por possuírem polaridade e solubilidades muito próximas, não puderam ser isolados. Alguns dos análogos sintetizados foram submetidos a ensaios de atividade biológica para avaliar as suas capacidades de inibição in vitro da proliferação de três linhas celulares de cancro humano, nomeadamente, MDA-MB231 (cancro de mama), HeLa (cancro de colo do útero) e TCC-SUP (cancro de bexiga). Para todos os compostos estudados foi observada uma elevada capacidade anti-proliferativa, mesmo para a concentração mais baixa em estudo (0,5 M). Os estudos de modelação molecular não constituíam um objetivo deste projeto mas, dado que alguns psoralenos têm demonstrado ser inibidores potentes de várias enzimas do citocromo P450, alguns destes estudos foram realizados (no REQUIMTE – FCUP).The aim defined for this thesis consists on the synthesis of analogue compounds of psoralen with dibenzofuran, carbazole and dibenzothiophene skeleton and on the study of their antitumor activities against some human cancer cell lines. The synthetic strategy used for the preparation of these analogues is based on methods described in the literature for reactions of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds. The ultimate objective of these syntheses is the formation of the pyranone by a reaction sequence that needs appropriate substrates for the cyclisation to occur. For the synthesis of some analogues o-hydroxyaldehydes as starting compounds are required. Their preparations were carried out by Reimer-Tiemann formylation to introduce the aldehyde group in an ortho position to the hydroxyl group. The pyranone ring formation was performed with these substrates by reaction with diethyl malonate (Knoevenagel condensation) or a phosphorane (Wittig reaction). These reactions afforded angular analogues. Some analogues were obtained by Pechmann reaction using as precursors hydroxylated commercial reagents (2-hydroxydibenzofuran and 2-hydroxycarbazole) that were reacted with β-ketoester compounds (ethyl acetoacetate and 2- chloroacetoacetate) affording the desired products with linear and/or angular structures. For analogues with dibenzothiophene nucleus, the hydroxylated compound was not commercially available. Hence, the hydroxy dibenzothiophene was synthesized and used as reactant under Pechmann conditions for the formation of psoralen analogues. Coupling reactions were carried out under Ullmann conditions between the 7-hydroxy- 4-methylcoumarin (commercial) and aryl bromides to prepare diphenyl ethers. These ethers were submitted to oxidation reactions catalyzed by palladium and / or copper. Generally, these reactions have not been successful, since the isomers obtained could not be isolated due to their very close polarity and solubility. Some of the synthesized analogues were tested for biological activity to assess their ability to inhibit in vitro proliferation of three human cancer cell lines, including MDAMB231 (breast cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer) and TCC-SUP (bladder cancer). For all the compounds studied a high anti-proliferative capacity was observed, even for the lowest concentration studied (0.5 mM). Although the molecular modeling studies were not defined as an objective of this project since some of the psoralens which were obtained have been shown to be potent inhibitors of various cytochrome P450 enzymes some of these studies were performed (in REQUIMTE - FCUP)