Manual de apoyo al aprendizaje de instalaciones térmicas en la industria utilizando Excel

Este documento tiene como objetivo que el lector sea capaz de realizar un modelo de red de vapor simplificado utilizando Excel y el complemento SteamTab. En primer lugar, se establece una metodología de resolución, y seguidamente se resuelven diversos ejemplos para que el lector se familiarice con los procesos. Finalmente, se resuelve un modelo completo para que posteriormente pueda ser analizado y optimizado.This document is intended for the reader to be able to make a simplified steam network model using Excel and the SteamTab add-in. In the first place, a resolution methodology is established, and then various examples are solved so that the reader becomes familiar with the processes. Finally, a complete model is solved so that it can later be analyzed and optimized

Elementos tangibles del servicio y calidad funcional en Multiservicios Linares, Caraz - Ancash, 2020

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre el uso los elementos tangibles del servicio y la calidad funcional en Multiservicios Linares, Caraz – Ancash, 2020. La investigación fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada, con un diseño correlacional no experimental trasversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 92 personas (clientes). Se empleó la encuesta como técnica de recolección de datos de las variables elementos tangibles del servicio y calidad funcional, se empleó como instrumento un cuestionario para las variables. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados estadísticamente a través de los programas EXCEL y SPSS y para establecer la correlación el estadístico de Chi cuadrado, teniendo como resultados los datos presentados en tablas y figuras estadísticas. Los resultados determinaron que la variable clima laboral tiene una relación directa altamente significativa con un valor de chi cuadrado 405,591a con un nivel de significancia por debajo del margen de error empleado (0,5), ambas variables se encuentran en un nivel alto y adecuado con un 41, 8%. Por otro lado se logró determinar la relación entre el uso de elementos tangibles del servicio y la calidad funcional con un valor de chi cuadrado 405,591a con un nivel de significancia por debajo del margen de error empleado (0,5). La relación entre el acondicionamiento de las instalaciones físicas y calidad funcional se obtuvo un valor de 405,591a. .Se obtuvo un valor de 255,823a en la relación entre el equipamiento y la calidad funcional, lo mismo para la calificación y la calidad funcional se obtuvo un valor de 255,823a. Finalmente entre el uso de materiales de comunicación y la calidad funcional, se obtuvo un valor de 328,559

Analyzing the Effect of Yellow Safety Line Designs at the Platform Edge in Metro Stations: An Experimental Approach

The objective of this paper was to analyze the effect of yellow-safety-line designs on the behavior of passengers at the platform edge in metro stations. To achieve this, an experimental approach, based on observation, was used in existing metro stations in Santiago and Valparaiso, Chile. The experiments were carried out for different widths of the yellow safety line: 5 cm, 10 cm, 24 cm, and 40 cm. In addition, the material was also changed to include yellow adhesive tape, PVC material with yellow pods, and carbon- and fiberglass-reinforced material with yellow pods. The experiments considered a mock-up to represent the hall entrance of the train and its adjacent platform, in which 25 participants were recruited, some of whom had reduced mobility. The results obtained from the experiments showed that the greater the width of the yellow safety line at the edge of the platform, the greater the level of compliance that was achieved. In addition, surveys were carried out with the passengers who participated in the experiment; the majority felt more comfortable and safer for a width of 24 cm. Some participants highlighted the phenomenon of “safety offers comfort”. In conclusion, the results of this research will allow the generation of new design and safety standards for the train–platform interface, which can then be tested in existing stations. Future research is expected to study the space occupied by different types of passengers and to study accessibility in other circulation spaces of metro stations

Plant-associated CO2 mediates long-distance host location and foraging behaviour of a root herbivore

Insect herbivores use different cues to locate host plants. The importance of CO2 in this context is not well understood. We manipulated CO2 perception in western corn rootworm (WCR) larvae through RNAi and studied how CO2 perception impacts their interaction with their host plant. The expression of a carbon dioxide receptor, DvvGr2, is specifically required for dose-dependent larval responses to CO2. Silencing CO2 perception or scrubbing plant-associated CO2 has no effect on the ability of WCR larvae to locate host plants at short distances (<9 cm), but impairs host location at greater distances. WCR larvae preferentially orient and prefer plants that grow in well-fertilized soils compared to plants that grow in nutrient-poor soils, a behaviour that has direct consequences for larval growth and depends on the ability of the larvae to perceive root-emitted CO2. This study unravels how CO2 can mediate plant–herbivore interactions by serving as a distance-dependent host location cue

Adaptations and responses of the common dandelion to low atmospheric pressure in high‐altitude environments

Atmospheric pressure is an important, yet understudied factor that may shape plant ecology and evolution. By growing plants under controlled conditions at different experimental stations in the Swiss alps, we evaluated the impact of ecologically realistic atmospheric pressures between 660 and 950 hPa on the growth and defence of different dandelion populations. Low atmospheric pressure was associated with reduced root growth and defensive sesquiterpene lactone production. Defence suppression only occurred in populations originating from lower altitudes. Populations from higher altitudes constitutively produced less sesquiterpene lactones and did not suffer from suppression under low atmospheric pressure. Synthesis. We conclude that atmospheric pressure modulates root growth and defence traits, and that evolutionary history shapes plant phenotypic responses to atmospheric pressure. Our findings have important implications for our understanding of altitudinal gradients and the future use of plants as a source of food and bioactive metabolites in extraterrestrial habitats

Ultrasonic pilot-scale reactor for enzymatic bleaching of cotton fabrics

The potential of ultrasound-assisted technology has been demonstrated by several laboratory scale studies. However, their successful industrial scaling-up is still a challenge due to the limited pilot and commercial sonochemical reactors. In this work, a pilot reactor for laccase-hydrogen peroxide cotton bleaching assisted by ultrasound was scaled-up. For this purpose, an existing dyeing machine was transformed and adapted by including piezoelectric ultrasonic devices. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that both low frequency, high power (22 kHz, 2100 W) and high frequency, low power ultrasounds (850 kHz, 400 W) were required to achieve satisfactory results. Standard half (4 g/L H2O2 at 90 ºC for 60 min.) and optical (8 g/L H2O2 at 103 ºC for 40 min.) cotton bleaching processes were used as references. Two sequential stages were established for cotton bleaching: (1) laccase pretreatment assisted by high frequency ultrasound (850 kHz, 400 W) and (2) bleaching using high power ultrasound (22 kHz, 2100 W). When compared with conventional methods, combined laccase-hydrogen peroxide cotton bleaching with ultrasound energy improved the whitening effectiveness. Subsequently, less energy (temperature) and chemicals (hydrogen peroxide) were needed for cotton bleaching thus resulting in costs reduction. This technology allowed the combination of enzyme and hydrogen peroxide treatment in a continuous process. The developed pilot-scale reactor offers an enhancement of the cotton bleaching process with lower environmental impact as well as a better performance of further finishing operations.The author Idalina Goncalves would like to acknowledge the Cottonbleach Project (FP7-SME-2008-2; 243529-2-cottonbleach) for the funding. This work was partly supported by FEDER through POFC-COMPETE and by Portuguese funds from FCT- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the project PEst-OE/BIA/ Ul4050/2014. The author Carla Silva would like to acknowledge FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia for the Grant SFRH/ BPD/46515/2008

Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on the Performance of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, 1960 (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Phytoseiulus longipes Evans, 1968 (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Tomato Plants

Inducible anti-herbivore defenses in plants are predominantly regulated by jasmonic acid (JA). The red spider mite Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, 1960 (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an invasive pest known for its detrimental impact on tomato plants and other Solanaceae crops. Here, we investigated the extent to which T. evansi and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans, 1968 (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are affected by induced JA-defenses. Initially, we artificially induced the JA-response in tomato plants using exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and subsequently assessed the effect of JA defenses on spider mite by evaluating mortality and oviposition rates. Our findings revealed a higher mortality and lower oviposition rates on plants treated with MeJA compared to non-treated control plants. Furthermore, we examined the predatory mite's predation rates on spider mite eggs produced on MeJA-treated and non-treated tomato plants. The results showed a reduced predation on T. evansi eggs derived from MeJA-treated plants, indicating a potential negative impact of JA-induced defenses on the predator's performance. Finally, we released five predatory females on T. evansi-infested tomato plants treated and non-treated with MeJA, monitoring the predator population density for three generations. Predator population was not affected, as the abundance of larvae and adults was not significantly different between treatments. These findings underscore the negative impact of JA defenses on herbivores and highlight the trade-off it may pose on natural enemies

An analysis of the possible protective effect of antipsychotics for SARS-CoV-2 in patients under treatment for severe mental illnesses

Since the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has sparked, it was supposed that inpatients with severe mental illnesses (SMI) could be at higher risk of developing the infection, as a consequence of their long stay in closed institutions, adding to the difficulty that SMI entails for compliance with prevention measures, like social distancing or mask wearing. Moreover, people with SMI usually tend to have unhealthy habits, including the use of high amounts of tobacco, a sedentary lifestyle, and an inappropriate diet. These factors, added to the metabolic adverse effects associated with the use of atypical antipsychotics, predispose to respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases (Rossler, Salize et al. 2005). It is well known that all these conditions are associated with a severe course of SARS-CoV-2 disease (Chen, Wu et al. 2020, Grasselli, Greco et al. 2020, Zheng, Peng et al. 2020). Since the pandemic started in Argentina, we expected a growing number of infected inpatients among mental health hospitals. To prevent the SARS-CoV-2 spread among patients in closed institutions, a SARS-CoV-2 unit was created to receive all inpatients with a positive test and the absence of symptoms, or the presence of mild symptoms. To our surprise, these units received few patients, and even fewer patients required to be transferred to more complex general hospitals because of the disease severity. These events led us to ask if antipsychotics could have a protective effect on the disease.Fil: Prokopez, Cintia R.. Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico Braulio Aurelio Moyano; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Vallejos, Miguel. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital Municipal "José Tiburcio Borda"; ArgentinaFil: Lopredo, Lorena S.. Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico Braulio Aurelio Moyano; ArgentinaFil: Sfriso, Luciano E.. Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico Braulio Aurelio Moyano; ArgentinaFil: Chiapella, Luciana Carla. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Arce, Claudio. Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico Braulio Aurelio Moyano; ArgentinaFil: Corral, Ricardo M.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital Municipal "José Tiburcio Borda"; ArgentinaFil: Cuesta, Manuel J.. Hospital de Navarra; España. Universidad Pública de Navarra; EspañaFil: Farinola, Romina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital Municipal "José Tiburcio Borda"; ArgentinaFil: Alomo, Martín. Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico Braulio Aurelio Moyano; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Radio-continuum decrements associated to shadowing from the central warp in transition disc DoAr44

Warps have often been used to explain disc properties, but well characterised examples are important due to their role in disc evolution. Scattered light images of discs with central gaps have revealed sharp warps, such that the outer rings are shadowed by tilted inner discs. The near-IR intensity drops along the ring around TTauri star DoAr44 have been interpreted in terms of a central warp. We report new ALMA observations of DoAr44 in the continuum at 230 GHz and 350 GHz (at ~10 au), along with a new epoch of SPHERE/IRDIS differential polarised imaging taken during excellent weather conditions. The ALMA observations resolve the ring and confirm the decrements proposed from deconvolution of coarse 336 GHz data. The scattered light image constrains the dips, which correspond to a misaligned inner disc with a relative inclination $\xi$ = 21.4 $^{+6.7}_{-8.3}$ deg. The SPHERE intensity profile shows a morphological change compared to a previous epoch that may be interpreted as a variable orientation of the inner disc, from $\xi$ ~30 deg to $\xi$ ~20 deg. The intensity dips probably correspond to temperature decrements, as their mm-spectral index, $\alpha^{230 GHz}_{350 GHz}$ ~2.0 $\pm$ 0.1, is indicative of optically thick emission. The azimuth of the two temperature decrements are leading clockwise relative to the IR-dips, by $\eta$ = 14.95 deg and $\eta$ = 7.92 deg. For a retrograde disc, such shifts are expected from a thermal lag and imply gas surface densities of $\Sigma_g$ = 117 $\pm$ 10 g/cm$^2$ and $\Sigma_g$ = 48 $\pm$ 10 g/cm$^2$. A lopsided disc, with contrast ratio $f_r$=2.4 $\pm$ 0.5, is also consistent with the large continuum crescent.Comment: accepted in MNRA

Situación de la calidad en las empresas del sector construcción en el Departamento de Ica, 2014

El presente trabajo de investigación fue realizado con el objetivo de aplicar el modelo de los nueve factores de la calidad total propuestos por Jorge Benzaquen (2013), desarrollado en su investigación Calidad en las empresas latinoamericanas: el caso peruano, a las empresas del sector de construcción de la región Ica en al año 2014, con el propósito de determinar el nivel de cumplimiento de los nueve factores de la calidad total en general y el cumplimiento de cada factor individualmente. Durante la investigación, se pudo comprobar la necesidad de mejora principalmente en los factores de Planeamiento de calidad, Diseño de producto, Círculos de calidad y Satisfacción del cliente, que son los factores con menor desarrollo en las empresas constructoras de la región Ica. Al término de la investigación se concluyó que, si bien es cierto que el nivel de calidad alcanzado por las empresas del sector construcción de la región Ica en el año 2014 es bueno, existen puntos de mejora que deben ser trabajados internamente en la organización, y externamente, en coordinaciones con sus aliados estratégicos, el Estado y la empresa privada. Esta investigación ayudará a contribuir en el conocimiento de la realidad de sector y servirá de base para la ejecución de posteriores investigaciones, que nos permitan conocer el desarrollo y evolución del sector de construcción en la región Ica en cuanto a avances y mejoras de la gestión de la calidad para las organizacionesThis research was accomplished with the aim of applying the 9 factors of total quality model proposed by Professor Benzaquen (2013), developed in his research on Quality in Latin American companies: the Peruvian case, the companies of the sector of construction of the region of Ica in 2014, with the purpose of determining the level of accomplishment of the 9 factors of total quality in general and the fulfillment of each factor individually. During the investigation it was possible to verify the need for improvement mainly in the factors of Quality Planning, Product Design, Quality Circles and Customer Satisfaction, which are the factors with less development in the construction companies of the region of Ica. At the end of the research, it was concluded that although the level of quality achieved by companies in the construction sector in the region of Ica in 2014 is good, there are improvement points that must be worked internally in the organization, and externally, in coordination with its strategic allies, the state and private sector. This research will help to contribute to the knowledge of the reality of the sector and will serve as a basis for the execution of further research, which will allow us to know the development and evolution of the construction sector in the region of Ica in terms of progress and improvements in management of quality for organizationsTesi