Prospects for an orbital determination and capture cell experiment

A dust experiment which combines measurements of the elemental and isotopic composition of individual particles with orbital information would contribute fundamental, new scientific information on the sources contributing to the micrometeoroid population. The general boundary conditions for such a system are: (1) it must be capable of measuring velocities in the range of 10 km/sec to 100 km/sec with several percent accuracy; (2) it must collect particles in such a way that the debris atoms are locally concentrated so that precise isotopic measurements are possible; (3) it should collect particles over a wide range of sizes starting with a lower limit of 10 microns; (4) it should incorporate materials that will not compromise the isotopic measurements; and (5) it should be large enough to obtain statistically meaningful results within a reasonable exposure time. Techniques which may satisfy these conditions are described

Hartford Hub: Transforming Lower Lincoln

Breeah S. Carey received her degree in speech, language, and hearing sciences with minors in Spanish and psychology from Purdue University in May 2018. She is currently pursuing her master’s degree in speech-language pathology at Purdue University and wants to serve pediatric clients in school and clinic settings. She has volunteered in various schools in Newark, New Jersey, as a tutor in her mother’s after-school program and as a speaker for the Diamond’s in the Rough Program at Belmont Runyon Elementary School, where she encouraged minority girls to attend college in the future. Lauren Jankowski is a senior in interdisciplinary engineering who plans to pursue graduate school and focus her research on mental illness. She has volunteered with several organizations, such as St. Vincent de Paul, Hannah’s House, and Upward Basketball, since early high school. Madison Long received her degree in accounting from Purdue University in 2017 and began her career with Microsoft Corporation in Seattle, Washington, in their finance division. At Purdue, she frequently participated in local Lafayette community initiatives centered around child literacy and engagement, including United Way’s Read to Succeed Program and the Beck Lane Boys and Girls Club after-school volunteering program. Joshua Walker is a senior in mechanical engineering with a minor in computer science and plans to earn a master’s degree in mechanical engineering after a few years of work experience. He has provided one-on-one assistance with students at the free Math and Science Tutoring Center in his high school, refurbished bicycles intended for community use at Revolutions Bicycle Cooperative in Memphis, Tennessee, and worked with Engineers for a Sustainable World to keep tailgating parties at Purdue clean of trash

Invasive Ruins

The purpose of this thesis is to search for a way in which architecture can become a tool used to create a new definition for age-value and historic-value. Instead of proposing an architecture typology that will exist and be admired \u27forever\u27, the proposal becomes a suggestion of ruin; to allow the new building language to age over time alongside with its natural site

Association of Continuation of Loop Diuretics at Hemodialysis Initiation with Clinical Outcomes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Loop diuretics are commonly used to manage nondialysis-dependent CKD. Despite benefits of augmented urine output, loop diuretics are often discontinued after dialysis initiation. Here, we assessed the association of the early decision to continue loop diuretics at hemodialysis start with clinical outcomes during the first year of dialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: We considered all patients on in-center hemodialysis at a large dialysis organization (2006-2013) with Medicare Part A and D benefits who had an active supply of a loop diuretic at dialysis initiation (n=11,297). Active therapy was determined on the basis of whether loop diuretic prescription was refilled after dialysis initiation and within 30 days of exhaustion of prior supply. Patients were followed under an intention-to-treat paradigm for up to 12 months for rates of death, hospitalization, and intradialytic hypotension and mean monthly values of interdialytic weight gain, serum potassium, predialysis systolic BP, and ultrafiltration rates. RESULTS: We identified 5219 patients who refilled a loop diuretic and 6078 eligible controls who did not. After adjustments for patient mix and clinical differences, continuation of loop diuretics was associated with lower hospitalization (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 0.98) and intradialytic hypotension (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 0.99) rates, no difference in death rate (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 1.01), and lower interdialytic weight gain (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Continuation of loop diuretics after hemodialysis initiation was associated with lower rates of hospitalization and intradialytic hypotension as well as lower interdialytic weight gain, but there was no difference in mortality over the first year of dialysis

Postprandial morphological response of the intestinal epithelium of the Burmese python (Python molurus)

The postprandial morphological changes of the intestinal epithelium of Burmese pythons were examined using fasting pythons and at eight time points after feeding. In fasting pythons, tightly packed enterocytes possess very short microvilli and are arranged in a pseudostratified fashion. Enterocyte width increases by 23% within 24 h postfeeding, inducing significant increases in villus length and intestinal mass. By 6 days postfeeding, enterocyte volume had peaked, following as much as an 80% increase. Contributing to enterocyte hypertrophy is the cellular accumulation of lipid droplets at the tips and edges of the villi of the proximal and middle small intestine, but which were absent in the distal small intestine. At 3 days postfeeding, conventional and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed cracks and lipid extrusion along the narrow edges of the villi and at the villus tips. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the rapid postprandial lengthening of enterocyte microvilli, increasing 4.8-fold in length within 24 h, and the maintaining of that length through digestion. Beginning at 24 h postfeeding, spherical particles were found embedded apically within enterocytes of the proximal and middle small intestine. These particles possessed an annular-like construction and were stained with the calcium-stain Alizarine red S suggesting that they were bone in origin. Following the completion of digestion, many of the postprandial responses were reversed, as observed by the atrophy of enterocytes, the shortening of villi, and the retraction of the microvilli. Further exploration of the python intestine will reveal the underlying mechanisms of these trophic responses and the origin and fate of the engulfed particles

Out of sight but not out of harm’s way: human disturbance reduces reproductive success of a cavity-nesting seabird

While negative effects of human disturbance on animals living above the ground have been widely reported, few studies have considered effects on animals occupying cavities or burrows underground. It is generally assumed that, in the absence of direct visual contact, such species are less vulnerable to disturbance. Seabird colonies can support large populations of burrow- and cavity-nesting species and attract increasing numbers of tourists. We investigated the potential effects of recreational disturbance on the reproductive behaviour of the European storm petrel <i>Hydrobates pelagicus</i>, a nocturnally-active cavity-nesting seabird. Reproductive phenology and outcome of nests subject to high and low levels of visitor pressure were recorded in two consecutive years. Hatching success did not differ between disturbance levels, but overall nestling mortality was significantly higher in areas exposed to high visitor pressure. Although visitor numbers were consistent throughout the season, the magnitude and rate of a seasonal decline in productivity were significantly greater in nests subject to high disturbance. This study presents good evidence that, even when humans do not pose a direct mortality risk, animals may perceive them as a predation risk. This has implications for the conservation and management of a diverse range of burrow- and cavity-dwelling animals. Despite this reduction in individual fitness, overall colony productivity was reduced by ≤1.6% compared with that expected in the absence of visitors. While the colony-level consequences at the site in question may be considered minor, conservation managers must evaluate the trade-off between potential costs and benefits of public access on a site- and species-specific basis

Craniofacial dysmorphology in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome by 3D laser surface imaging and geometric morphometrics: illuminating the developmental relationship to risk for psychosis

Persons with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) are characterized inter alia by facial dysmorphology and greatly increased risk for psychotic illness. Recent studies indicate facial dysmorphology in adults with schizophrenia. This study evaluates the extent to which the facial dysmorphology of 22q11.2DS is similar to or different from that evident in schizophrenia. Twenty-one 22q11.2DS-sibling control pairs were assessed using 3D laser surface imaging. Geometric morphometrics was applied to 30 anatomical landmarks, 480 geometrically homologous semi-landmarks on curves and 1720 semi-landmarks interpolated on each 3D facial surface. Principal component (PC) analysis of overall shape space indicated PC2 to strongly distinguish 22q11.2DS from controls. Visualization of PC2 indicated 22q11.2DS and schizophrenia to be similar in terms of overall widening of the upper face, lateral displacement of the eyes/orbits, prominence of the cheeks, narrowing of the lower face, narrowing of nasal prominences and posterior displacement of the chin; they differed in terms of facial length (increased in 22q11.2DS, decreased in schizophrenia), mid-face and nasal prominences (displaced upwards and outwards in 22q11.2DS, less prominent in schizophrenia); lips (more prominent in 22q11.2DS; less prominent in schizophrenia) and mouth (open mouth posture in 22q11.2DS; closed mouth posture in schizophrenia). These findings directly implicate dysmorphogenesis in a cerebral-craniofacial domain that is common to 22q11.2DS and schizophrenia and which may repay further clinical and genetic interrogation in relation to the developmental origins of psychotic illness