1,729 research outputs found
Active Gaming as a Form of Exercise to Induce Hypoalgesia
Objective: An acute bout of moderate-to-vigorous exercise temporarily reduces pain sensitivity in healthy adults. Recently, active gaming has been rising in popularity as a means of light-to-moderate exercise and may be particularly suitable for deconditioned individuals. Whether the physical activity elicited in active games can produce a hypoalgesic effect remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether active videogames can reduce pressure and heat pain sensitivity in healthy adults. We also evaluated the relationship between the physical activity elicited by the games and the magnitude of the hypoalgesic response.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-one healthy adults played four different active games on separate days, including Microsoft® Kinect Xbox® One's Fighter Within and Sports Rival's Tennis, and Nintendo® Wii™ Sports' Boxing and Tennis. Heat pain thresholds on the forearm and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) on the trapezius and forearm were assessed immediately before and after a 15-minute active gaming or control session. Minutes spent in sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during active gaming were measured with an accelerometer.
Results: The analyses revealed that PPTs at the forearm and trapezius significantly increased from pretest to posttest following Kinect Fighter Within. PPTs at the trapezius also significantly increased from pretest to posttest following Wii Boxing. The magnitude of the hypoalgesic response was significantly correlated with MVPA and sedentary time during gameplay.
Conclusion: These results suggest that an active gaming session played at a moderate intensity is capable of temporarily reducing pain sensitivity
Hierarchical fragmentation and differential star formation in the Galactic "Snake": infrared dark cloud G11.11-0.12
We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) 0.88 and 1.3 mm broad band
observations, and the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations in
up to , and maser lines toward
the two most massive molecular clumps in infrared dark cloud (IRDC)
G11.11-0.12. Sensitive high-resolution images reveal hierarchical fragmentation
in dense molecular gas from the pc clump scale down to pc
condensation scale. At each scale, the mass of the fragments is orders of
magnitude larger than the Jeans mass. This is common to all four IRDC clumps we
studied, suggesting that turbulence plays an important role in the early stages
of clustered star formation. Masers, shock heated gas, and outflows
indicate intense ongoing star formation in some cores while no such signatures
are found in others. Furthermore, chemical differentiation may reflect the
difference in evolutionary stages among these star formation seeds. We find
ortho/para ratios of , , and
associated with three outflows, and the ratio tends to increase along the
outflows downstream. Our combined SMA and VLA observations of several IRDC
clumps present the most in depth view so far of the early stages prior to the
hot core phase, revealing snapshots of physical and chemical properties at
various stages along an apparent evolutionary sequence.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables, accepted to MNRAS; this version
includes minor typo corrections from proo
DNA concentration from self samples for HPV testing
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146640/1/ijc31666_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146640/2/ijc31666.pd
The ion-induced charge-exchange X-ray emission of the Jovian Auroras: Magnetospheric or solar wind origin?
A new and more comprehensive model of charge-exchange induced X-ray emission,
due to ions precipitating into the Jovian atmosphere near the poles, has been
used to analyze spectral observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
The model includes for the first time carbon ions, in addition to the oxygen
and sulfur ions previously considered, in order to account for possible ion
origins from both the solar wind and the Jovian magnetosphere. By comparing the
model spectra with newly reprocessed Chandra observations, we conclude that
carbon ion emission provides a negligible contribution, suggesting that solar
wind ions are not responsible for the observed polar X-rays. In addition,
results of the model fits to observations support the previously estimated
seeding kinetic energies of the precipitating ions (~0.7-2 MeV/u), but infer a
different relative sulfur to oxygen abundance ratio for these Chandra
observations.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJ Lette
Routine testing for anaerobic bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid cultures improves recovery of clinically significant pathogens
In North America, the widespread use of vaccines targeting Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae have dramatically altered the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis, while the methodology for culturing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens has remained largely unchanged. The aims of this study were 2-fold: to document the current epidemiology of bacterial meningitis at a tertiary care medical center and to assess the clinical utility of routinely querying for anaerobes in CSF cultures. To that end, we assessed CSF cultures submitted over a 2-year period. A brucella blood agar (BBA) plate, incubated anaerobically for 5 days, was included in the culture procedure for all CSF specimens during the second year of evaluation. In the pre- and postimplementation years, 2,353 and 2,302 CSF specimens were cultured, with 49 and 99 patients having positive culture results, respectively. The clinical and laboratory data for patients with positive cultures were reviewed. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated in the CSF samples from 33 patients post-BBA compared to two patients pre-BBA (P = 0.01). The anaerobic isolates included Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (n = 1), Propionibacterium species (n = 15), and Propionibacterium acnes (n = 19) isolates; all of these isolates were recovered on the BBA. Eight of the 35 patients from whom anaerobic organisms were isolated received antimicrobial therapy. Although six of these patients had central nervous system hardware, two patients did not have a history of a neurosurgical procedure and had community-acquired anaerobic bacterial meningitis. This study demonstrates that the simple addition of an anaerobically incubated BBA to the culture of CSF specimens enhances the recovery of clinically significant anaerobic pathogens
Spin transfer switching of spin valve nanopillars using nanosecond pulsed currents
Spin valve nanopillars are reversed via the mechanism of spin momentum
transfer using current pulses applied perpendicular to the film plane of the
device. The applied pulses were varied in amplitude from 1.8 mA to 7.8 mA, and
varied in duration within the range of 100 ps to 200 ns. The probability of
device reversal is measured as a function of the pulse duration for each pulse
amplitude. The reciprocal pulse duration required for 95% reversal probability
is linearly related to the pulse current amplitude for currents exceeding 1.9
mA. For this device, 1.9 mA marks the crossover between dynamic reversal at
larger currents and reversal by thermal activation for smaller currents
Aeroservoelastic wind-tunnel investigations using the Active Flexible Wing Model: Status and recent accomplishments
The status of the joint NASA/Rockwell Active Flexible Wing Wind-Tunnel Test Program is described. The objectives are to develop and validate the analysis, design, and test methodologies required to apply multifunction active control technology for improving aircraft performance and stability. Major tasks include designing digital multi-input/multi-output flutter-suppression and rolling-maneuver-load alleviation concepts for a flexible full-span wind-tunnel model, obtaining an experimental data base for the basic model and each control concept and providing comparisons between experimental and analytical results to validate the methodologies. The opportunity is provided to improve real-time simulation techniques and to gain practical experience with digital control law implementation procedures
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