63 research outputs found

    Intraoperative monitoring study of ipsilateral motor evoked potentials in scoliosis surgery

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    Ipsilateral motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in spinal cord surgery intraoperative monitoring is not well studied. We show that ipsilateral MEPs have significantly larger amplitudes and were elicited with lower stimulation intensities than contralateral MEPs. The possible underlying mechanisms are discussed based on current knowledge of corticospinal pathways. Ipsilateral MEPs may provide additional information on the integrity of descending motor tracts during spinal surgery monitoring

    Mutant TDP-43 and FUS Cause Age-Dependent Paralysis and Neurodegeneration in C. elegans

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    Mutations in the DNA/RNA binding proteins TDP-43 and FUS are associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. Intracellular accumulations of wild type TDP-43 and FUS are observed in a growing number of late-onset diseases suggesting that TDP-43 and FUS proteinopathies may contribute to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. To better understand the mechanisms of TDP-43 and FUS toxicity we have created transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans strains that express full-length, untagged human TDP-43 and FUS in the worm's GABAergic motor neurons. Transgenic worms expressing mutant TDP-43 and FUS display adult-onset, age-dependent loss of motility, progressive paralysis and neuronal degeneration that is distinct from wild type alleles. Additionally, mutant TDP-43 and FUS proteins are highly insoluble while wild type proteins remain soluble suggesting that protein misfolding may contribute to toxicity. Populations of mutant TDP-43 and FUS transgenics grown on solid media become paralyzed over 7 to 12 days. We have developed a liquid culture assay where the paralysis phenotype evolves over several hours. We introduce C. elegans transgenics for mutant TDP-43 and FUS motor neuron toxicity that may be used for rapid genetic and pharmacological suppressor screening

    H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy: diagnostic tool in recurrent headache in systemic lupus erythematosus. A case report

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    We describe serial MR-spectroscopy studies in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and headache. We used MR-spectroscopy to monitor disease activity during periods with and without headache.MR-spectroscopy investigates metabolic alterations and was used to explore the pathophysiological mechanism involved in the complications of systemic lupus erythematosus.Our patient underwent serial conventional MRI and MR-spectroscopy at times of controlled and uncontrolled headache, with or without visual aura.MR-spectroscopy showed an increase in the choline/creatine ratio in thalamus and posterior white matter only during periods of uncontrolled headache with visual aura. Conventional MRI scans were normal at all times.MR-spectroscopy should be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Headache, H-MRS, Metabolic alteration

    Neurophysiological and functional MRI evidence of reorganization of cortical motor areas in cerebral arteriovenous malformation

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    Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has shown that brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) lead to reorganization of cortical motor areas. Since it is known that blood oxygenation level-dependent signal in fMRI may be influenced by the hemodynamic perturbation associated with the presence of the AVM, in the present study, a combined exploration with fMRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation was performed in a patient with a right rolandic AVM in order to explore the relationship between neuronal and hemodynamic activity. The combined protocol of investigation adopted in this study was able to provide significant information regarding neuronal activity of the different cortical areas that partake to post-lesional reorganization
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