An American Reset – Safe Water & a Workable Model of Federalism

In 2015, at least 3.9 million Americans were exposed to lead in their drinking water at legally unacceptable levels. An additional 18 million Americans were at risk because their water systems were not in compliance with federal rules designed to detect the presence of lead contamination and to ameliorate its impact. What’s more, in 82 percent of the cases where the violation related to a health standard, no formal state or federal enforcement action was taken. These startling statistics indicate that the Flint Water Crisis (“Flint Water”) is not an isolated event. In fact, it is a case study that might explain these statistics. Flint Water reveals a fault line within our cooperative federalism model: We are relying on an increasingly ineffective power structure to guarantee the safety of our water supply, one that places the heaviest burden on the least powerful actor—the water supplier. This article proposes a ‘reset’ of the model in order to achieve safe water and government accountability

An American Reset – Safe Water & a Workable Model of Federalism

In 2015, at least 3.9 million Americans were exposed to lead in their drinking water at legally unacceptable levels. An additional 18 million Americans were at risk because their water systems were not in compliance with federal rules designed to detect the presence of lead contamination and to ameliorate its impact. What’s more, in 82 percent of the cases where the violation related to a health standard, no formal state or federal enforcement action was taken. These startling statistics indicate that the Flint Water Crisis (“Flint Water”) is not an isolated event. In fact, it is a case study that might explain these statistics. Flint Water reveals a fault line within our cooperative federalism model: We are relying on an increasingly ineffective power structure to guarantee the safety of our water supply, one that places the heaviest burden on the least powerful actor—the water supplier. This article proposes a ‘reset’ of the model in order to achieve safe water and government accountability

Examining the Effects of Slavery in Toni Morrison\u27s Beloved

Slavery is a part of our history that no one wants to remember. Toni Morrison struggled when writing Beloved with the natural “tension between needing to bury the past and needing to revive it,” as put by Ashraf Rushdy in Daughters Signifyin(g) History: The Example of Toni Morrison\u27s Beloved (39). The characters in Beloved feel this dual need, especially Sethe, who wants to forget what she did but knows she cannot, who longs to have with her again the daughter she killed to save from slavery. Nicole M. Coonradt in To Be Loved: Amy Denver And Human Need-Bridges To Understanding In Toni Morrison\u27s Beloved says, “As her characters\u27 lives are shattered as a result of their slave experience, so too are their stories. By piecing them together, a clearer, more complete version of their painful history emerges” (171). All the characters in this work are influenced by slavery, and we see its effects through Morrison’s retrieved history; by examining the actions of the characters and relationships among the characters—especially the mother-daughter relationship between Sethe and her daughters—we are shown how to remember the sordid past of slavery and how to heal

Transgender Bathroom Rights

After winning the right to same-sex marriage in all 50 states in June, 2015, the LGBT community is once again battling in court for its rights, this time for the right of transgender people to use bathrooms and locker rooms that match their gender identity. In its “Dear Colleague Letter on Transgender Students,” the Federal Government has recently interpreted federal law as requiring that transgender students be permitted to use bathroom and locker rooms that correspond with their gender identity in schools receiving federal funding. In two separate lawsuits, 20 states have challenged the legitimacy of this interpretation. This Article examines the current court battles over transgender bathroom and locker room rights and discusses possible outcomes of the most contentious legal issues in dispute. These issues include: the procedures used by the Federal Government in issuing its interpretation; the substantial legitimacy of the interpretation; and the Constitutional authority of the Federal Government to issue its interpretation. The Article concludes that courts should uphold the Federal Government’s recent interpretation of federal civil rights law because the Federal Government’s interpretation is a reasonable interpretation, lawfully issued, that mirrors the best medical and psychiatric practices for the protection and inclusion of a vulnerable group

Year 1 at Cedarville College, 1992-1993

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