The construction of tourist space on the Emerald Coast: neorealism or trivialization of vernacular architecture?

La Costa Smeralda nasce nei primi anni ‘60 nelle coste nordorientali della Sardegna, in un momento di grandi cambiamenti per il turismo. Mentre nel resto d’Europa il boom turistico del secondo dopoguerra signi cava la democratizzazione delle vacanze e la di usione del turismo di massa, la Costa Smeralda nasce in antitesi alle altre destinazioni turistiche di massa sorte nelle coste spagnole, italiane e francesi dello stesso periodo. La condizione insulare e la natura incontaminata diventano simbolo dell’esclusività, che attraggono in Costa Smeralda clienti d’elite alla ricerca di un enclave paradisiaco di lusso nel centro del Mediterraneo. La rinterpretazione dell’architettura vernacolare e l’immanenza del paesaggio naturale saranno gli strumenti utilizzati per la costruzione dello spazio turistico.Costa Smeralda was founded in the early 1960s in the north-eastern coast of Sardinia, at a time of great change for tourism. While for the rest of Europe the tourism boom after World War II meant the democratization of the holidays and the spread of mass tourism, Costa Smeralda was founded in opposition to the other mass tourism destinations fate in the Spanish, Italian and French coasts of the same period. The insular condition and the pristine nature of Costa Smeralda became a symbol of exclusivity, which attracted elite clients looking for a heavenly enclave of luxury tourism in the heart of the Mediterranean. The reinterpretation of vernacular architecture and the immanence of the natural landscape would have been the tools used for the construction of space tourism.Peer Reviewe

L’architettura turistica di Vietti in Costa Smeralda tra tradizione e finzione.

La Costa Smeralda nasce nei primi anni Sessanta nelle costa nordorientale della Sardegna. Mentre nel resto d’Europa il boom turistico del secondo dopoguerra significava la democratizzazione delle vacanze e la diffusione del turismo di massa, la Costa Smeralda nasce in antitesi alle altre destinazioni turistiche di massa sorte nello stesso periodo. La condizione insulare e la natura incontaminata diventano simbolo dell’esclusività per una clientela d’élite alla ricerca di un enclave paradisiaco. Luigi Vietti sará il principale esponente del Comitato di Architettura della Costa Smeralda. Il processo di costruzione del paesaggio e dello spazio turistico è messo in relazione con il contesto italiano del secondo dopoguerra, in conflitto tra il recupero della tradizione e l’innovazione del movimento moderno. Nei progetti di Vietti, la riproduzione di un immaginario tradizionale mediterraneo e il rispetto degli elementi naturali e antropici preesistenti, saranno la base dell’architettura e pianificazione del paesaggio turistico

Estructuras culturales y accesibilidad para la isla de San Erasmo en Venecia

[EN] The refurbishment of an old defensive structure in Venice Lagoon involved not only the material conservation of the edifice but an intervention on the surrounding area and landscape. This article addresses the need to conceive the restoration of a monument and its natural milieu as an inseparable ensemble requiring both physical repairs and the insertion of the infrastructures necessary to allow the public to enjoy it, in the most discreet way possible, so as not to distort the atmosphere.[ES] La puesta en valor de una antigua estructura defensiva de la Laguna de Venecia ha conllevado no sólo su conservación material sino también una intervención en su entorno inmediato y el paisaje circundante. Este artículo desvela la necesidad de concebir la restauración de un monumento en su medio natural como un conjunto indisoluble que requiere tanto de restauración física como de dotación de las infraestructuras necesarias para su disfrute, de la manera más discreta y silenciosa posible para evitar tergiversar su ambiente.Cappai, C.; Segantini, A. (2006). Estructuras culturales y accesibilidad para la isla de San Erasmo en Venecia. Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración. (19):56-65. doi:10.4995/loggia.2006.3394SWORD56651

Biohydrogen production from food waste: Influence of the inoculum-to-substrate ratio

In this study, the influence of the inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR) on dark fermentative hydrogen production from food waste (FW) was evaluated. ISR values ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 g VSinoculum/g VSsubstrate were investigated by performing batch tests at T = 39 °C and pH = 6.5, the latter being the optimal value identified based on a previous study. The ISR was found to affect the fermentation process, clearly showing that an adequate ISR is essential in order to optimise the process kinetics and the H2 yield. An ISR of 0.14 proved to optimum, leading to a maximum H2 yield of 88.8 L H2/kg VSFW and a maximum production rate of 10.8 L H2/kg VSFW∙h. The analysis of the fermentation products indicated that the observed highest H2 production mostly derived from the typical acetate/butyrate-type fermentation

Substance misuse in personality disorder and schizophrenia : findings and clinical implications from a high secure hospital

Purpose Substance misuse (SMU) is widely prevalent in mentally disordered offenders and is linked with violence and offending behaviour. There is however, a scarcity of literature dedicated to investigating SMU and its clinical correlates in relation to patients detained within high secure hospital settings. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent and severity of SMU and corresponding treatment needs in patients with a primary diagnosis of personality disorder (PD) in comparison with mental illness (MI) in a high secure hospital. Design/methodology/approach The responsible clinicians of all patients (n=240) detained in a high secure hospital were asked to record information using a SMU screening questionnaire over a ten-month period. Details requested included substance type, history of past use and assessment and treatment needs. Data were recorded and then analysed: descriptive statistics were conducted to report historical use of substances, cross tabulations and χ2 analysis explored the relationship between SMU and treatment status and diagnosis and offending behaviour and a means comparison analysis was employed to explore length of stay and treatment of SMU. Findings A total of 230 questionnaires were returned (95 per cent of the patient population). A history of SMU was reported in 88.6 per cent of the sample, with alcohol and cannabis misuse being the most prevalent. At least one substance had been abused by 74.3 per cent of the sample. In two-thirds of the sample, SMU was linked with the onset of mental health problems and symptom exacerbation, including violence. Interestingly, patients with a diagnosis of MI as compared with PD were more likely to have used substances (93.3 per cent compared to 81.9 per cent) and were more likely to need treatment for SMU (64.3 per cent compared to 36.8 per cent). In those with an MI diagnosis, SMU was more likely to be linked with violence and index offence (74.3 per cent compared to 59.0 per cent). Practical implications SMU is significantly prevalent in high risk mentally disordered offenders and linked to onset of mental health problems and offending. Patients with schizophrenia have a higher prevalence of SMU than PD and are likely to be more in need of treatment. Violence and offending are more likely to be related to SMU in schizophrenia than in PD. Originality/value This study substantiates existing evidence that SMU contributes to mental health problems and criminogenic behaviour. Furthermore, the study reports new findings that characterize differences of the relationship of SMU to offending in schizophrenia and PD in forensic psychiatric patients presenting to a high secure hospital. </jats:sec

Evaluation of “Caterina assay”: An Alternative Tool to the Commercialized Kits Used for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Identification

Abstract: Here we describe the first molecular test developed in the early stage of the pandemic to diagnose the first cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Sardinian patients in February–March 2020, when diagnostic certified methodology had not yet been adopted by clinical microbiology laboratories. The “Caterina assay” is a SYBR®Green real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), designed to detect the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N) gene that exhibits high discriminative variation RNA sequence among bat and human coronaviruses. The molecular method was applied to detect SARS-CoV-2 in nasal swabs collected from 2110 suspected cases. The study article describes the first molecular test developed in the early stage of the declared pandemic to identify the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Sardinian patients in February–March 2020, when a diagnostic certified methodology had not yet been adopted by clinical microbiology laboratories. The assay presented high specificity and sensitivity (with a detection limit ≥50 viral genomes/µL). No false-positives were detected, as confirmed by the comparison with two certified commercial kits. Although other validated molecular methods are currently in use, the Caterina assay still represents a valid and low-cost detection procedure that could be applied in countries with limited economic resource

Evaluation of humoral and cellular response to third dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients treated with B-cell depleting therapy

Objective: to investigate the responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in a cohort of immunosuppressed patients affected by immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Methods: we have measured humoral and cellular immunity using quantitative IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody (anti-S-IgG), neutralization assays and specific interferon-gamma (IFN-g) release assay (IGRA) before and after the third dose of BNT162b2. The response of those on anti-CD20 (n = 18) was then compared with healthy controls (HC, n = 18) and IMID naïve to anti-CD20 drugs (n = 13). Results: a third BNT162b2 dose is highly immunogenic in IMID patients naïve to anti-CD20, as 100% of the subjects seroconverted compared to the 55% in anti-CD20. The rate of IGRA response was of 79% in anti-CD20, 50% in IMID naïve to anti-CD20, 100% in HC. Among those who have seroconverted, IMID patients had significantly reduced anti-S-IgG and neutralization titers compared to HC, whereas no significant difference was observed when comparing anti-CD20 and HC. Furthermore, 13% of anti-CD20 and 7.7% of IMID were simultaneously negative for both neutralizing antibodies and IGRA after three doses. Conclusion: these data draw attention to the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccination in treated IMID, taking specific groups into consideration for vaccination program

EMERGÊNCIAS EM ODONTOLOGIA: revisão de literatura

As emergências médicas podem ocorrer  no consultório odontológico, não só durante o tratamento  de rotina, mas ainda na sala de espera. Acometem  qualquer pessoa, não importando idade ou  gênero. Entretanto, os pacientes com idade  avançada, estressados, hesitantes, com história de reações alérgicas,  com distúrbios respiratórias, cardiopatias, diabetes e com epilepsia, formam  grupos de máxima tendência a desenvolver uma circunstância de emergência. Dentre as probabilidades de ocorrência de emergência médica em consultório odontológico, destacam-se as reações psicogênicas e alérgicas, as disfunções hormonais, e as alterações cardiorrespiratórias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de revisar na literatura as principais emergências médicas e condutas terapêuticas em consultório odontológico, ressaltando a importância do preparo do Cirurgião-Dentista diante dessas intercorrências. Este estudo foi realizado através de documentação indireta, por meio de consulta a livros e artigos científicos publicados no período de 1990 a 2010 pertinentes ao assunto. Após os dados serem coletados, foi feita uma análise critica sobre os tipos de emergências, sinais e sintomas, e seus tratamentos.Palavras-chave: Emergência. Posicionamento. Dentista. Consultório. Odontológic