Heart failure pharmacological management. gaps and current perspectives

Proper therapeutic management of patients with heart failure (HF) is a major challenge for cardiologists. Current guidelines indicate to start therapy with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ACEi/ARNI), beta blockers (BB), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) to reduce the risk of death and hospitalization due to HF. However, certain aspects still need to be defined. Current guidelines propose therapeutic algorithms based on left ventricular ejection fraction values and clinical presentations. However, these last do not always reflect the precise hemodynamic status of patients and pathophysiological mechanisms involved, particularly in the acute setting. Even in the field of chronic management there are still some critical points to discuss. The guidelines do not specify which of the four pillar drugs to start first, nor at what dosage. Some authors suggest starting with SGLT2i and BB, others with ACEi or ARNI, while one of the most recent approach proposes to start with all four drugs together at low doses. The aim of this review is to revise current gaps and perspectives regarding pharmacological therapy management in HF patients, in both the acute and chronic phase

international consortium on landslides icl the proposing organization of the isdr icl sendai partnerships 2015 2025open image in new window

The International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) was founded in January 2002 during the UNESCO-Kyoto University Joint IGCP symposium "Landslide Risk Mitigation and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage". It proposed and adopted the Letter of Intent in 2005 during the 2nd UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Kobe, Japan, adopted the Tokyo Action Plan in 2006, and the ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015–2025 in 2015. This paper describes the history of ICL from preparation to present in a table of the chronology of events since 1987-present including the organization of ICL until 2020 when the Fifth World Landslide Forum will be held in Kyoto, Japan

Landslide Science and PracticeVolume 6: Risk Assessment, Management and Mitigation /

XX, 789 p. 864 illus., 783 illus. in color.onlin

OCCURRENCE OF LIASSIC FAUNAS AT WAANEY (UANEI) PROVINCE OF BAY, SOUTH—WESTERN SOMALIA

The sequence exposed at Waaney (South—western Somalia) consists, from bottom to top, of the following horizons: A) Blackish marly limestones, thickness 20 m; B) Grey and greenish marls and shales, thickness 10 m; C) Vacuolar yellowish—grey limestone, thickness 6 m; D) and F) Bioclastic, dark grey limestones in beds up to 1 m thick, thickness 54 m; E) and G) Yellowish—brown or Pink limestones with nodular or brecciated structure, with two levels rich in Ammonites, thickness over 45 m. Sedimentological features give evidences that the environment evolved from restricted lagoon with fine terrigenous supply and probable evaporitic episodes to shallow sea with varying energy conditions and eventually to deeper but partially restricted sea with oligotypic fauna. Fossils collected in the E) and G) levels include about 40 specimens of Ammonites of size varying from 6 to- 15 cm, fossilized in a yellow—grey limestone. The Ammonites of the E) level may be referred to the genus Protogrammoceras (?) and to the species Protogrammoceras madagascariense; the Ammonites of the G) level to the Protogrammoceras madagascariense and to the genus Hildaites. The Ammonite association of. the E) level seems to indicate a Lowermost Toarcian age; the association of the G) level an Early Toarcian age, on the ground of biostntigraphic investigations in the Ethiopian—Indo—Malagasy region and in areas outside this Province

Cultural heritage and landslides: research for risk prevention and conservation

In this chapter we briefly introduce and review the interrelated concepts of mapping landslide inventories, susceptibility, hazard and risk. We emphasize the importance of extensive metadata in the characterization of landslides stressing the need for spatial information, type, abundance, age, triggering mechanism, failure parameters (slope angle, material, etc.) and volume data as basic properties of any proper inventory. Concomitantly we comment on the representation of these data in map form via scale and symbology. We examine the differences between landslide susceptibility and hazard mapping, commenting on a few of the better known qualitative (heuristic) and quantitative (statistical-probabilistic) methods of analysis. Added attention is given to a comparison between bivariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Finally we refer to the important but difficult task of addressing landslide risk, implicating the inherent relationship of landslide hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Additionally, quantitative and qualitative approaches to risk assessment and mapping are briefly discussed. Moreover, we highlight the need for more extensive hazard and risk mapping, as well as for the application of harmonized, comparable approaches to susceptibility, hazard and risk assessment where possible. The first part of this chapter provides the prelude to a number of presentations which individually deal with topics already discussed. The extended abstracts that follow represent those presentations which can provide good case study examples of relevant issues in mapping landslide inventories, susceptibility, hazard and risk.JRC.H.7-Land management and natural hazard

Landslide Science and PracticeVolume 5: Complex Environment /

XVI, 354 p. 349 illus., 286 illus. in color.onlin

Landslide Science for a Safer GeoenvironmentVolume 2: Methods of Landslide Studies /

XXIX, 851 p. 861 illus., 706 illus. in color.onli

Landslide Science and PracticeVolume 4: Global Environmental Change /

XVII, 431 p. 392 illus., 350 illus. in color.onli