COMPORTAMENTO ESPECTRAL DO CARBONO ORGÂNICO NO SOLO EM ARGISSOLO NO MUNICIPIO DE PETROLINA-PE

A matéria orgânica do solo tem significativa importância na influência das propriedades biológicas, físicas e químicas do solo. A incorporação do carbono orgânico no solo (COS) decorrente da decomposição da matéria orgânica resulta no sequestro do carbono da atmosfera, visto que os solos conseguem estocar de duas a três vezes mais carbono do que a soma de estoque da atmosfera com a vegetação (MACHADO, 2005)

ANALOGY OF THE USES OF MEDICINAL SPECIES IN CUBA AND THE STATE OF BAHIA, BRAZIL IN THE LAST DECADE

Since the dawn of humanity, plants have been used to alleviate and cure diseases. Since biological diversity is precisely different in each location as it depends mainly on the climate and relief and therefore it is assumed that the development of phytotherapy or alternative medicine based on plants developed unevenly from the plants that had their disposal as well as the treatment priorities needed. Taking into account that Cuba and the state of Bahia have a similar climate, as well as a similar number of inhabitants, they were taken as the objective in this study, with a greater discrepancy in terms of territorial extension. The main purpose of this study is to understand the relationships of ethnobotany in medicinal plants in the state of Bahia, Brazil and Cuba. The method of bibliographical review of publications available from the last decade and which were accessible in the Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed databases was used, taking into account that these must be free and refer to the subject of study in question to be selected. The result shows that the publications place Cuba well above the number of studies published on the subject when the comparison is made. There are also coincidences in both territories in relation to the diseases most treated with medicinal plants, the most used parts of the plants and the families that cover most of the species described in the reviewed research. Obtaining a total of species (247), 111 in Cuba and 136 mentioned in the studies reviewed in the Brazilian state. Leaves are the most used parts and the Lamiaceae family is the most popular.

Hongos asociados a semillas de Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivadas en Cuba

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is the most important legume specie for Cuba, 123 434 ha were harvested for a production of 127 100 t during 2012. Most of phytopathogenic fungi associated to beans used seeds to move their inoculum to new areas, which under favorable condition can cause considerable yield losses. The objective of the present study was to identify fungi associated with bean seeds, their frequency and incidence for bean variety. 102 seed bean lots of 16 varieties for Pinar del Río, Mayabeque and Artemisa provinces were studied. For each seed lot 400 seed were analyzed by blotter test. 679 fungal isolates belonging to 34 species of 20 genera were detected. Penicillium sp. (78.4%), Rhizoctonia solani (77.5%), Aspergillus niger (68.6%) and Fusarium solani (51.0%) were the predominant species. Nine Fusarium species and six Aspergillus species were identified. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was detected in BAT-58, BAT-93 and Delicia-365 varieties, on which higher infected seed percent was detected in BAT-93. This paper is the first report of S. sclerotiorum incidence on Cuban seed bean. Key words: Aspergillus, Fusarium, mycobiota, Phaseolus, SclerotiniaEl frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), es la especie de leguminosa más importante para Cuba, durante el 2012 se cosecharon en el país 123 434 ha para una producción de 127 100 toneladas del grano. La mayoría de los hongos fitopatógenos asociados al frijol emplean las semillas como vehículos de introducción en nuevas áreas donde bajo condiciones favorables pueden causar pérdidas considerables en el cultivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar los hongos asociados a diferentes variedades de semillas de frijol así como determinarsu frecuencia y grado de infección por variedad. Fueron estudiados 102 lotes de semilla de frijol, de 16 variedades provenientes de las provincias de Pinar del Río, Mayabeque y Artemisa. De cada lote se analizaron 400 semillas mediante el método de ensayo biológico de crecimiento en cámara húmeda. Se identificaron 679 aislados fúngicos pertenecientes a 34 especies de 20 géneros. Las especies de mayor frecuencia de aparición fueron Penicillium sp. (78.4%), Rhizoctonia solani (77.5%), Aspergillus niger (68.6%) y Fusarium solani (51.0%). Además, se identificaron nueve especies de Fusarium y seis de Aspergillus. Se detectó la presencia de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum en las variedades `BAT-58', `BAT-93' y `Delicia-365. De estas `BAT-93' fue en la que se detectó mayor porciento de semillas infectadas (3%). Este trabajo constituye el primer informe de la incidencia de S. sclerotiorum en semillas cubanas de frijol.  Palabras clave: Aspergillus, Fusarium, micobiota, Phaseolus, Sclerotini

Fungi associated with <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. seeds cultivated in Cuba

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is the most important legume specie for Cuba, 123 434 ha were harvested for a production of 127 100 t during 2012. Most of phytopathogenic fungi associated to beans used seeds to move their inoculum to new areas, which under favorable condition can cause considerable yield losses. The objective of the present study was to identify fungi associated with bean seeds, their frequency and incidence for bean variety. 102 seed bean lots of 16 varieties for Pinar del Río, Mayabeque and Artemisa provinces were studied. For each seed lot 400 seed were analyzed by blotter test. 679 fungal isolates belonging to 34 species of 20 genera were detected. Penicillium sp. (78.4%), Rhizoctonia solani (77.5%), Aspergillus niger (68.6%) and Fusarium solani (51.0%) were the predominant species. Nine Fusarium species and six Aspergillus species were identified. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was detected in BAT-58, BAT-93 and Delicia-365 varieties, on which higher infected seed percent was detected in BAT-93. This paper is the first report of S. sclerotiorum incidence on Cuban seed bean. Key words: Aspergillus, Fusarium, mycobiota, Phaseolus, Sclerotini

A new bulbil-forming species of Sistotrema (Cantharellales, Hydnaceae) from Brazil

Barreto, Gabriel G., Cantillo, Taimy, Costa-Rezende, Diogo H., Gusmão, Luis F.P. (2023): A new bulbil-forming species of Sistotrema (Cantharellales, Hydnaceae) from Brazil. Phytotaxa 626 (1): 8-20, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.626.1.2, URL: https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.626.1.2/5128

FIGURE 1 in A new bulbil-forming species of Sistotrema (Cantharellales, Hydnaceae) from Brazil

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the concatenated complete ITS and partial LSU sequences of Sistotrema. The newly generated sequences are in bold. Confidence values for BS ≥ 70% and BPP ≥ 0.95 are included near nodes, "-" indicates lacking statistical support. Scale bar represents the expected number of changes per site. The tree was rooted to Cerinomyces crustulinus, Platygloea disciformis, and Tilletiaria anomala.Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Barreto, Gabriel G., Cantillo, Taimy, Costa-Rezende, Diogo H. &amp; Gusmão, Luis F.P., 2023, A new bulbil-forming species of Sistotrema (Cantharellales, Hydnaceae) from Brazil, pp. 8-20 in Phytotaxa 626 (1)&lt;/i&gt; on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.626.1.2, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10151205"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/10151205&lt;/a&gt

Fungal planet description sheets: 716–784

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetopsina eucalypti on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Colletotrichum cobbittiense from Cordyline stricta × C. australis hybrid, Cyanodermella banksiae on Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha, Discosia macrozamiae on Macrozamia miquelii, Elsinoë banksiigena on Banksia marginata, Elsinoë elaeocarpi on Elaeocarpus sp., Elsinoë leucopogonis on Leucopogon sp., Helminthosporium livistonae on Livistona australis, Idriellomyces eucalypti (incl. Idriellomyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Lareunionomyces eucalypti on Eucalyptus sp., Myrotheciomyces corymbiae (incl. Myrotheciomyces gen. nov., Myrotheciomycetaceae fam. nov.), Neolauriomyces eucalypti (incl. Neolauriomyces gen. nov., Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Nullicamyces eucalypti (incl. Nullicamyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Oidiodendron eucalypti on Eucalyptus maidenii, Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (incl. Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov.) and Periconia cyperacearum on leaves of Cyperaceae, Porodiplodia livistonae (incl. Porodiplodia gen. nov., Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov.) on Livistona australis, Sporidesmium melaleucae (incl. Sporidesmiales ord. nov.) on Melaleuca sp., Teratosphaeria sieberi on Eucalyptus sieberi, Thecaphora aus-traliensis in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis. Brazil, Aspergillus serratalhadensis from soil, Diaporthe pseudo-inconspicua from Poincianella pyramidalis, Fomitiporella pertenuis on dead wood, Geastrum magnosporum on soil, Marquesius aquaticus (incl. Marquesius gen. nov.) from submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified plant, Mastigosporella pigmentata from leaves of Qualea parviflorae, Mucor souzae from soil, Mycocalia aquaphila on decaying wood from tidal detritus, Preussia citrullina as endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus, Queiroziella brasiliensis (incl. Queiroziella gen. nov.) as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea leptantha, Quixadomyces cearen-sis (incl. Quixadomyces gen. nov.) on decaying bark, Xylophallus clavatus on rotten wood. Canada, Didymella cari on Carum carvi and Coriandrum sativum. Chile, Araucasphaeria foliorum (incl. Araucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Araucaria araucana, Aspergillus tumidus from soil, Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil. Colombia, Corynespora pseudocassiicola on Byrsonima sp., Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus pellita, Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti (incl. Neometulocladosporiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Tracylla eucalypti (incl. Tracyllaceae fam. nov., Tracyllalales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla. Cyprus, Gyromitra anthracobia (incl. Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa) on burned soil. Czech Republic, Lecanicillium restrictum from the surface of the wooden barrel, Lecanicillium testudineum from scales of Trachemys scripta elegans. Ecuador, Entoloma yanacolor and Saproamanita quitensis on soil. France, Lentithecium carbonneanum from submerged decorticated Populus branch. Hungary, Pleuromyces hungaricus (incl. Pleuromyces gen. nov.) from a large Fagus sylvatica log. Iran, Zymoseptoria crescenta on Aegilops triuncialis. Malaysia, Ochroconis musicola on Musa sp. Mexico, Cladosporium michoacanense from soil. New Zealand, Acrodontium metrosideri on Metrosideros excelsa, Polynema podocarpi on Podocarpus totara, Pseudoarthrographis phlogis (incl. Pseudoarthrographis gen. nov.) on Phlox subulata. Nigeria, Coprinopsis afrocinerea on soil. Pakistan, Russula mansehraensis on soil under Pinus roxburghii. Russia, Baoran­ gia alexandri on soil in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica. South Africa, Didymocyrtis brachylaenae on Brachylaena discolor. Spain, Alfaria dactylis from fruit of Phoenix dactylifera, Dothiora infuscans from a blackened wall, Exophiala nidicola from the nest of an unidentified bird, Matsushimaea monilioides from soil, Terfezia morenoi on soil. United Arab Emirates, Tirmania honrubiae on soil. USA, Arxotrichum wyomingense (incl. Arxotrichum gen. nov.) from soil, Hongkongmyces snookiorum from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, Leratiomyces tesquorum from soil, Talaromyces tabacinus on leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Vietnam, Afroboletus vietnamensis on soil in an evergreen tropical forest, Colletotrichum condaoense from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided. © 2018 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute