Looking after the traces of Bahía Blanca as “development pole”: a contribution to the analysis of an argumentative-rhetoric memory

Durante el gobierno de facto del general Juan Carlos Onganía (1966-1970), la ciudad de Bahía Blanca fue designada “polo de desarrollo” regional y “polo de crecimiento” provincial. Si bien estas designaciones respondían a una reciente teoría económica formulada por Perroux (1964), los argumentos que las sostenían habían sido utilizados desde finales del siglo XIX en los diversos proyectos de provincialización y capitalización de la ciudad (Silva et al., 1972). Este trabajo plantea la existencia de una memoria retóricoargumental (Vitale, 2010) que enlaza el discurso gubernamental sobre “Bahía Blanca polo de desarrollo/polo de crecimiento” con los discursos en los que se plasmaron los proyectos para su provincialización y capitalización. El análisis se despliega en dos instancias. En primer lugar, se analizan efectos de memoria (Courtine, 1981) que permiten constatar el ingreso del concepto científico de “polo de desarrollo/polo de crecimiento” al ámbito político-gubernamental. En segundo lugar, se construyen y analizan los tópicos centrales de la memoria retórico-argumental. Finalmente, se plantean dos hipótesis derivadas del análisis que podrían guiar futuras indagaciones.During the de facto government of general Juan Carlos Onganía (1966-1970), the city of Bahía Blanca was designated a regional “development pole” and a provincial “growth pole”. Although this designations responded to a recent economic theory formulated by Perroux (1964), the arguments that supported them had been used since the late nineteenth century in the various projects of provincialization and capitalization of the city (Silva et al., 1972). This paper proposes the existence of a rhetorical-argumental memory (Vitale, 2010) that links the discourse on designation of Bahía Blanca as a “development pole/growth pole” with the previous discourses on its provincialization and capitalization. The analysis is deployed in two instances. First, memory effects are analyzed (Courtine, 1981), which allow us to verify the entry of the scientific concept of “development pole/growth pole” into the political-governmental sphere. Second, the central topics of rhetorical-argumental memory are constructed and analyzed. Finally, two hypotheses that could guide future inquiries are presented.Fil: Campetella, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; Argentin

The trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi induces thrombocytopenia during acute Chagas' disease by reducing the platelet sialic acid contents

Strong thrombocytopenia is observed during acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasitic protozoan agent of American trypanosomiasis or Chagas' disease. The parasite sheds trans-sialidase, an enzyme able to mobilize the sialyl residues on cell surfaces, which is distributed in blood and is a virulence factor. Since the sialic acid content on the platelet surface is crucial for determining the half-life of platelets in blood, we examined the possible involvement of the parasite-derived enzyme in thrombocytopenia induction. We found that a single intravenous injection of trans-sialidase into naïve mice reduced the platelet count by 50%, a transient effect that lasted as long as the enzyme remained in the blood. CD43(−/−) mice were affected to a similar extent. When green fluorescent protein-expressing platelets were treated in vitro with trans-sialidase, their sialic acid content was reduced together with their life span, as determined after transfusion into naïve animals. No apparent deleterious effect on the bone marrow was observed. A central role for Kupffer cells in the clearance of trans-sialidase-altered platelets was revealed after phagocyte depletion by administration of clodronate-containing liposomes and splenectomy. Consistent with this, parasite strains known to exhibit more trans-sialidase activity induced heavier thrombocytopenia. Finally, the passive transfer of a trans-sialidase-neutralizing monoclonal antibody to infected animals prevented the clearance of transfused platelets. Results reported here strongly support the hypothesis that the trans-sialidase is the virulence factor that, after depleting the sialic acid content of platelets, induces the accelerated clearance of the platelets that leads to the thrombocytopenia observed during acute Chagas' disease

Hybrid-functional electronic structure of multilayer graphene

Multilayer graphene with rhombohedral and Bernal stacking are supposed to be metallic, as predicted by density functional theory calculations using semi-local functionals. However recent angular resolved photoemission and transport data have questioned this point of view. In particular, rhombohedral flakes are suggested to be magnetic insulators. Bernal flakes composed of an even number of layers are insulating, while those composed of an odd number of layers are pseudogapped. Here, by systematically benchmarking with plane waves codes, we develop very accurate all-electron Gaussian basis sets for graphene multilayers. We find that, in agreement with our previous calculations, rhombohedral stacked multilayer graphene are gapped for and magnetic. However, the valence band curvature and the details of the electronic structure depend crucially on the basis set. Only substantially extended basis sets are able to correctly reproduce the effective mass of the valence band top at the K point, while the popular POB-TZVP basis set leads to a severe overestimation. In the case of Bernal stacking, we show that exact exchange gaps the flakes composed by four layers and opens pseudogaps for N = 3, 6, 7, 8. However, the gap or pseudogap size and its behaviour as a function of thickness are not compatible with experimental data. Moreover, hybrid functionals lead to a metallic solution for 5 layers and a magnetic ground state for 5, 6 and 8 layers. Magnetism is very weak with practically no effect on the electronic structure and the magnetic moments are mostly concentrated in the central layers. Our hybrid functional calculations on trilayer Bernal graphene multilayers are in excellent agreement with non-magnetic GW calculations. For thicker multilayers, our calculations are a benchmark for manybody theoretical modeling of the low energy electronic structure.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figure

The influence of the Andes mountains on the South American low-level flow

[1] A dry, hydrostatic, three-dimensional primitive equation model is used to evaluate the mechanical effect of the Andes mountains on the South American low-level flow (LLF). The model simulations reproduce the evolution of a baroclinic wave over the continent under winter and summer conditions. In both seasons as a consequence of the interaction between the basic flow and the Andes, northerly LLF was reproduced east of the Andes which resembles the main characteristics of the observed flow. Moreover, seasonal changes of cyclone activity have a significant impact on the location of maximum LLF and its alignment, which exhibits a NW-SE orientation during winter and more meridional orientation in the warm season.Fil: Campetella, Claudia Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Carolina Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; Argentin

Health and Social Service Needs of US-Citizen Children with Detained or Departed Immigrant Parents

The second report offers findings from fieldwork in five study sites in California, Florida, Illinois, South Carolina and Texas, examining the involvement of families with a deported parent with health and social service systems, as well as their needs and the barriers they face accessing such services. The researchers find that family economic hardship is highly prevalent following parental detention and deportation, while child welfare system involvement is rarer. Schools represent a promising avenue for interaction with these families and delivery of services, as school officials cannot inquire about immigration status and thus are perceived as safer intermediaries by unauthorized immigrant parents who may be skeptical of interaction with other government agencies. Other important sources of support include health providers, legal service providers and community- and faith-based organizations that immigrants trust

Securing the "defense and custody" of the campaigns : Vaquerías and interethnic diplomacy on the Sierras Pampeanas during the first half of the XVIIIth century

El trabajo analiza un hecho que puede ser considerado el primer contacto diplomático oficial entre las autoridades de Buenos Aires y los indígenas de la pampa: el nombramiento, en febrero de 1717, de dos caciques que habitaban las serranías como Guardas Mayores para la "defensa y custodia" de las campañas. Para entender el motivo de este hecho sin precedentes se analizan los crecientes conflictos entre hispanocriollos por el acceso al ganado cimarrón y los intensos contactos en las serranías durante las décadas de transición del siglo XVII al XVIII donde convergían indígenas de diferentes regiones -incluyendo el área cordillerana- e hispanocriollos de diferentes jurisdicciones, todos ellos atraídos por la abundancia de ganado cimarrón. Finalmente, el trabajo ofrece una interpretación del nombramiento de los caciques en 1717 en función tanto de los intereses porteños como de los intereses indígenas.This article analyzes what can be considered the first official diplomatic contact between the authorities of Buenos Aires and the indigenous people of La Pampa: the assignment, on February 1717, of two caciques that inhabited the mountainous region like "Guardias Mayores" to "defend and custody" the campaign. To understand the motive of this unpredecedent action we will analyze the increasing conflicts between hispanocriollos to access wild cattle and the intense contacts between indigenous people of different places -including the mountain area- and hispanocriollos of different jurisdictions on the mountainous region during the transitional decades between XVIIth and XVIIIth, all of them attracted by the abundance of wild cattle. Finally, this work offers an interpretation of the caciques' assignment in 1717 as useful to the porteños' and indigenous' interests.Dossier: Poder, conflicto y redes sociales en la frontera pampeanaDepartamento de Histori

Inactive trans-sialidase expression in iTS-null Trypanosoma cruzi generates virulent trypomastigotes

Disclosing virulence factors from pathogens is required to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms involved in their interaction with the host. In the case of Trypanosoma cruzi several molecules are associated with virulence. Among them, the trans-sialidase (TS) has arisen as one of particular relevance due to its effect on the immune system and involvement in the interaction/invasion of the host cells. The presence of conserved genes encoding for an inactive TS (iTS) isoform is puzzlingly restricted to the genome of parasites from the Discrete Typing Units TcII, TcV, and TcVI, which include highly virulent strains. Previous in vitro results using recombinant iTS support that this isoform could play a different or complementary pathogenic role to that of the enzymatically active protein. However, direct evidence involving iTS in in vivo pathogenesis and invasion is still lacking. Here we faced this challenge by transfecting iTS-null parasites with a recombinant gene that allowed us to follow its expression and association with pathological events. We found that iTS expression improves parasite invasion of host cells and increases their in vivo virulence for mice as shown by histopathologic findings in heart and skeletal muscle.Fil: Pascuale, Carla Antonela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Burgos, Juan Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Postan, Miriam. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; ArgentinaFil: Lantos, Andrés Bernardo Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Bertelli, Adriano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Campetella, Oscar Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Leguizamon, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentin

Unimodal Relationships of Understory Alpha and Beta Diversity along Chronosequence in Coppiced and Unmanaged Beech Forests

Patterns of diversity across spatial scales in forest successions are being overlooked, despite their importance for developing sustainable management practices. Here, we tested the recently proposed U-shaped biodiversity model of forest succession. A chronosequence of 11 stands spanning from 5 to 400 years since the last disturbance was used. Understory species presence was recorded along 200 m long transects of 20 × 20 cm quadrates. Alpha diversity (species richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity indices) and three types of beta diversity indices were assessed at multiple scales. Beta diversity was expressed by a) spatial compositional variability (number and diversity of species combinations), b) pairwise spatial turnover (between plots Sorensen, Jaccard, and Bray–Curtis dissimilarity), and c) spatial variability coefficients (CV% of alpha diversity measures). Our results supported the U-shaped model for both alpha and beta diversity. The strongest differences appeared between active and abandoned coppices. The maximum beta diversity emerged at characteristic scales of 2 m in young coppices and 10 m in later successional stages. We conclude that traditional coppice management maintains high structural diversity and heterogeneity in the understory. The similarly high beta diversities in active coppices and old-growth forests suggest the presence of microhabitats for specialist species of high conservation value

Un traducteur italien de Galien au xvie siècle : Giovanni Tarcagnota et le courant galénique du Cinquecento en Italie

Dans la première moitié du xvie siècle, les adeptes du « galénisme », qui s’en tiennent rigoureusement aux doctrines traditionnelles d’Hippocrate et de Galien, incarnent le courant médical prédominant. Les toutes premières traductions vernaculaires des œuvres du Pergaménien, réalisées le plus souvent à partir des versions latines de la même époque, datent des années 1530-1550 et constituent un excellent témoignage du renouveau des études galéniques entre la fin du xve et la première moitié du xvie siècle.L’abondance des phénomènes néologiques dans la version italienne de deux traités galéniques, De tuenda sanitate (Dei mezzi che si tengono per conservarci la sanità), et De propriorum animi cuiusque adfectuum dignotione et curatione (A che guisa si possano, e conoscere e curare le infermità dell’animo), publiées à Venise en 1549 par le polygraphe Giovanni Tarcagnota, illustre bien le rôle de premier plan joué par les traductions dans la création et la diffusion d’un vocabulaire médical italien à partir du Cinquecento