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Development of large scale production of Nd-doped phosphate glasses for megajoule-scale laser systems
Nd-doped phosphate glasses are the preferred gain medium for high-peak-power lasers used for Inertial Confinement Fusion research because they have excellent energy storage and extraction characteristics. In addition, these glasses can be manufactured defect-free in large sizes and at relatively low cost. To meet the requirements of the future mega-joule size lasers, advanced laser glass manufacturing methods are being developed that would enable laser glass to be continuously produced at the rate of several thousand large (790 x 440 x 44 mm{sup 3}) plates of glass per year. This represents more than a 10 to 100-fold improvement in the scale of the present manufacturing technology
Intercropping in semi-arid areas; report of a symposium
Meeting: Symposium on Intercropping for Semi-Arid Areas, 10-12 May 1976, Morogoro, TZReport of a symposium on intercropping in semiarid zones with an examination of agricultural research activities. Examines the effects of intercropping on crop plant production; includes research results, list of participants, bibliographic notes
Role of remote interfacial phonons in the resistivity of graphene
The temperature () dependence of electrical resistivity in graphene
has been experimentally investigated between 10 and 400 K for samples prepared
on various substrates; HfO, SiO and h-BN. The resistivity of graphene
shows a linear -dependence at low and becomes superlinear above
a substrate-dependent transition temperature. The results are explained by
remote interfacial phonon scattering by surface optical phonons at the
substrates. The use of an appropriate substrate can lead to a significant
improvement in the charge transport of graphene
Introduction to M Theory and AdS/CFT Duality
An introductory survey of some of the developments that have taken place in
superstring theory in the past few years is presented. The main focus is on
three particular dualities. The first one is the appearance of an 11th
dimension in the strong coupling limit of the type IIA theory, which give rise
to M theory. The second one is the duality between the type IIB theory
compactified on a circle and M theory on a two-torus. The final topic is an
introduction to the recently proposed duality between superstring theory or M
theory on certain anti de Sitter space backgrounds and conformally invariant
quantum field theories.Comment: 26 pages; To be published in the Proceedings of a conference held in
Corfu, Greece in September 1998. v2: reference adde
The human mu opioid receptor: modulation of functional desensitization by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C
Opioids are some of the most efficacious analgesics used in humans. Prolonged administration of opioids, however, often causes the development of drug tolerance, thus limiting their effectiveness. To explore the molecular basis of those mechanisms that may contribute to opioid tolerance, we have isolated a cDNA for the human mu opioid receptor, the target of such opioid narcotics as morphine, codeine, methadone, and fentanyl. The receptor encoded by this cDNA is 400 amino acids long with 94% sequence similarity to the rat mu opioid receptor. Transient expression of this cDNA in COS-7 cells produced high-affinity binding sites to mu-selective agonists and antagonists. This receptor displays functional coupling to a recently cloned G-protein-activated K+ channel. When both proteins were expressed in Xenopus oocytes, functional desensitization developed upon repeated stimulation of the mu opioid receptor, as observed by a reduction in K+ current induced by the second mu receptor activation relative to that induced by the first. The extent of desensitization was potentiated by both the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C. These results demonstrate that kinase modulation is a molecular mechanism by which the desensitization of mu receptor signaling may be regulated at the cellular level, suggesting that this cellular mechanism may contribute to opioid tolerance in humans
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