Genome Sequence of the Native Apiculate Wine Yeast Hanseniaspora vineae T02/19AF

The use of novel yeast strains for winemaking improves quality and provides variety including subtle characteristic differences in fine wines. Here we report the first genome of a yeast strain native to Uruguay, Hanseniaspora vineae T02/19AF, which has been shown to positively contribute to aroma and wine quality.Fil: Giorello, Facundo M.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Berná, Luisa. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Greif, Gonzalo. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Camesasca, Laura. Inst. de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable; UruguayFil: Salzman, Valentina. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; Uruguay. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Karina. Universidad de la Republica. Facultad de Química; UruguayFil: Robello, Carlos. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Gaggero, Carina. Inst. de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable; UruguayFil: Aguilar, Pablo S.. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Carrau, Francisco. Sección Enología; Urugua

Lactic acid production by Carnobacterium sp. isolated from a maritime Antarctic lake using eucalyptus enzymatic hydrolysate

Carnobacterium sp., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from a maritime Antarctic lake, was evaluated for lactic acid production from a lignocellulosic hydrolysate. Eucalyptus sawdust, a residue from pulp and paper industries, was subjected to alkaline pretreatment to enhance its enzymatic hydrolysis. Fermentations were performed without and with pH control using eucalyptus enzymatic hydrolysate containing a mixture of glucose and xylose sugars. The sugars were successfully converted into lactic acid in 24 h, resulting in 7.6 g/L of lactic acid and a product yield of 0.50 g/g for pH controlled at 6.5. Fed-batch fermentation performed at a controlled pH of 6.5 improved both the lactic acid production (30 g/L) and the biomass growth (4.2 g/L). l-lactic acid optical purity higher than 95 % was obtained. These results demonstrated the potential usage of Carnobacterium sp in l-lactic acid production from eucalyptus

Genomic and transcriptomic basis of Hanseniaspora vineae's impact on flavor diversity and wine quality

Hanseniaspora is the main genus of the apiculate yeast group that represents approximately 70% of the grape-associated microflora. Hanseniaspora vineae is emerging as a promising species for quality wine production compared to other non-Saccharomyces species. Wines produced by H. vineae with Saccharomyces cerevisiae consistently exhibit more intense fruity flavors and complexity than wines produced by S. cerevisiae alone. In this work, genome sequencing, assembling, and phylogenetic analysis of two strains of H. vineae showed that it is a member of the Saccharomyces complex and it diverged before the whole-genome duplication (WGD) event from this clade. Specific flavor gene duplications and absences were identified in the H. vineae genome compared to 14 fully sequenced industrial S. cerevisiae genomes. The increased formation of 2-phenylethyl acetate and phenylpropanoids such as 2-phenylethyl and benzyl alcohols might be explained by gene duplications of H. vineae aromatic amino acid aminotransferases (ARO8 and ARO9) and phenylpyruvate decarboxylases (ARO10). Transcriptome and aroma profiles under fermentation conditions confirmed these genes were highly expressed at the beginning of stationary phase coupled to the production of their related compounds. The extremely high level of acetate esters produced by H. vineae compared to that by S. cerevisiae is consistent with the identification of six novel proteins with alcohol acetyltransferase (AATase) domains. The absence of the branched-chain amino acid transaminases (BAT2) and acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA)/ethanol O-acyltransferases (EEB1) genes correlates with H. vineae's reduced production of branched-chain higher alcohols, fatty acids, and ethyl esters, respectively. Our study provides sustenance for understanding and potentially utilizing genes that determine fermentation aromas.Fil: Giorello, Facundo. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Valera, Maria Jose. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Martín, Valentina. Universidad de la Republica; Uruguay. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Parada, Andres. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Salzman, Valentina. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Camesasca, Laura. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable; UruguayFil: Fariña, Laura. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Boido, Eduardo. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Medina, Karina. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Dellacassa, Eduardo. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Berna, Luisa. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Aguilar, Pablo Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Mas, Albert. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaFil: Gaggero, Carina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable; UruguayFil: Carrau, Francisco. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Além do "silêncio de um oceano". Ideias de Brasil nas representações de um crítico e de artistas e arquitetos italianos depois da Segunda Guerra Mundial

RESUMO Este artigo investiga as ideias de Brasil formuladas em uma seleção de cartas, artigos, fotografias, desenhos, pinturas e mostras, entre 1947 e 1963 pelos arquitetos Lina Bo Bardi e Giancarlo Palanti, pelos artistas Roberto Sambonet e Bramante Buffoni, e pelo crítico de arte Pietro Maria Bardi - italianos imigrados no país após a Segunda Guerra Mundial. O novo país é visto como o lugar onde parece possível a realização das promessas da arte e da arquitetura modernas, mas também lugar onde estas se desfazem e transformam-se. O objetivo do trabalho é identificar, a partir desses exemplos, indícios de uma postura diante da realidade local, condutora de suas pesquisas sobre um caráter para a produção artística