28,803 research outputs found
Comparative Behavior of \u3ci\u3ePyrellia Cyanicolor\u3c/i\u3e (Diptera: Muscidae) on the Moss \u3ci\u3eSplachnum Ampullaceum\u3c/i\u3e and on Substrates of Nutritional Value
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Entomophily is commonly associated with flowering plants and their pollen vectors, but also occurs in other groups of plants. Among fungi, several genera of Phallaceae offer food rewards to calliphorid and muscid flies, which inadvertently disperse the fungal spores (Ingold 1964). Bryhn (1897) first noted a relationship between various species ofDiptera and members of the moss family Splachnaceae. The nature of this interaction has been the subject of much speculation (Bequaert 1921, Erlanson 1935, Crum et aI. 1972, Koponen and Koponen 1977), but no experimental evidence has been collected
Online Row Sampling
Finding a small spectral approximation for a tall matrix is
a fundamental numerical primitive. For a number of reasons, one often seeks an
approximation whose rows are sampled from those of . Row sampling improves
interpretability, saves space when is sparse, and preserves row structure,
which is especially important, for example, when represents a graph.
However, correctly sampling rows from can be costly when the matrix is
large and cannot be stored and processed in memory. Hence, a number of recent
publications focus on row sampling in the streaming setting, using little more
space than what is required to store the outputted approximation [KL13,
KLM+14].
Inspired by a growing body of work on online algorithms for machine learning
and data analysis, we extend this work to a more restrictive online setting: we
read rows of one by one and immediately decide whether each row should be
kept in the spectral approximation or discarded, without ever retracting these
decisions. We present an extremely simple algorithm that approximates up to
multiplicative error and additive error using online samples, with memory overhead
proportional to the cost of storing the spectral approximation. We also present
an algorithm that uses ) memory but only requires
samples, which we show is
optimal.
Our methods are clean and intuitive, allow for lower memory usage than prior
work, and expose new theoretical properties of leverage score based matrix
approximation
Online Thermal Analysis of Batch Roasted Coffee Beans
We constructed and instrumented a fluidised-bed coffee roaster. This work has been carried out as part of a search for the âideal pointâ, which is the point in time when an expert roaster would terminate the roast in order to yield beans that produce the optimal brew. We roasted Costa Rican Arabica beans whilst controlling the roasting temperature to follow a linear ramp. We measured and recorded the input, output, and coffee bean surface temperatures. We introduce the idea of âbean loadâ, an uncalibrated measure of the heat load presented by the material being roasted. The bean load under constantly-ramping bean surface temperature shows the roast is increasingly endothermic. Toward the end of the roast the endothermic phenomena decrease, or are assisted by exothermic activity. The bean load also has a repeatable dip around first crack. Due to limitations with the roaster we were not able to make reliable measurements at and beyond second crack. We observed no waypoints or events that might be used to pinpoint the âideal pointâ to end the roast
New and emerging therapeutic options for malignant pleural mesothelioma: review of early clinical trials.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare tumor that is challenging to control. Despite some benefit from using the multimodality-approach (surgery, combination chemotherapy and radiation), survival remains poor. However, current research produced a list of potential therapies. Here, we summarize significant new preclinical and early clinical developments in treatment of MPM, which include mesothelin specific antibody and toxin therapies, interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor toxins, dendritic cell vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and gene-based therapies. In addition, several local modalities such as photodynamic therapy, postoperative lavage using betadine, and cryotherapy for local recurrence, have also shown to be effective for local control of disease
Human factors aspects of air traffic control
An overview of human factors problems associated with the operation of present and future air traffic control systems is presented. A description is included of those activities and tasks performed by air traffic controllers at each operational position within the present system. Judgemental data obtained from controllers concerning psychological dimensions related to these tasks and activities are also presented. The analysis includes consideration of psychophysiological dimensions of human performance. The role of the human controller in present air traffic control systems and his predicted role in future systems is described, particularly as that role changes as the result of the system's evolution towards a more automated configuration. Special attention is directed towards problems of staffing, training, and system operation. A series of ten specific research and development projects are recommended and suggested work plans for their implementation are included
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