487 research outputs found
Scattering of a proton with the Li4 cluster: non-adiabatic molecular dynamics description based on time-dependent density-functional theory
We have employed non-adiabatic molecular dynamics based on time-dependent
density-functional theory to characterize the scattering behaviour of a proton
with the Li cluster. This technique assumes a classical approximation for
the nuclei, effectively coupled to the quantum electronic system. This
time-dependent theoretical framework accounts, by construction, for possible
charge transfer and ionization processes, as well as electronic excitations,
which may play a role in the non-adiabatic regime. We have varied the incidence
angles in order to analyze the possible reaction patterns. The initial proton
kinetic energy of 10 eV is sufficiently high to induce non-adiabatic effects.
For all the incidence angles considered the proton is scattered away, except in
one interesting case in which one of the Lithium atoms captures it, forming a
LiH molecule. This theoretical formalism proves to be a powerful, effective and
predictive tool for the analysis of non-adiabatic processes at the nanoscale.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure
Modeling Na clusters in Ar matrices
We present a microscopic model for Na clusters embedded in raregas matrices.
The valence electrons of the Na cluster are described by time-dependent
density-functional theory at the level of the local-density approximation
(LDA). Particular attention is paid to the semi-classical picture in terms of
Vlasov-LDA. The Na ions and Argon atoms are handled as classical particles
whereby the Ar atoms carry two degrees of freedom, position and dipole
polarization. The interaction between Na ions and electrons is mediated through
local pseudo-potentials. The coupling to the Ar atoms is described by
(long-range) polarization potentials and (short-range) repulsive cores. The
ingredients are taken from elsewhere developed standards. A final fine-tuning
is performed using the NaAr molecule as benchmark. The model is then applied to
embedded systems Na8ArN. By close comparison with quantum-mechanical results,
we explore the capability of the Vlasov-LDA to describe such embedded clusters.
We show that one can obtain a reasonable description by appropriate adjustments
in the fine-tuning phase of the model.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Annalen der Physi
Two-Photon Excitation of Low-Lying Electronic Quadrupole States in Atomic Clusters
A simple scheme of population and detection of low-lying electronic
quadrupole modes in free small deformed metal clusters is proposed. The scheme
is analyzed in terms of the TDLDA (time-dependent local density approximation)
calculations. As test case, the deformed cluster is considered.
Long-living quadrupole oscillations are generated via resonant two-photon
(two-dipole) excitation and then detected through the appearance of satellites
in the photoelectron spectra generated by a probe pulse. Femtosecond pump and
probe pulses with intensities and
pulse duration fs are found to be optimal. The modes of
interest are dominated by a single electron-hole pair and so their energies,
being combined with the photoelectron data for hole states, allow to gather new
information about mean-field spectra of valence electrons in the HOMO-LUMO
region. Besides, the scheme allows to estimate the lifetime of electron-hole
pairs and hence the relaxation time of electronic energy into ionic heat.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Hindered Coulomb explosion of embedded Na clusters -- stopping, shape dynamics and energy transport
We investigate the dynamical evolution of a Na cluster embedded in Ar
matrices of various sizes from N=30 to 1048. The system is excited by an
intense short laser pulse leading to high ionization stages. We analyze the
subsequent highly non-linear motion of cluster and Ar environment in terms of
trajectories, shapes, and energy flow. The most prominent effects are:
temporary stabilization of high charge states for several ps, sudden stopping
of the Coulomb explosion of the embedded Na clusters associated with an
extremely fast energy transfer to the Ar matrix, fast distribution of energy
throughout the Ar layers by a sound wave. Other ionic-atomic transfer and
relaxation processes proceed at slower scale of few ps. The electron cloud is
almost thermally decoupled from ions and thermalizes far beyond the ps scale.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted in Euro. Phys. J.
Directed transport born from chaos in asymmetric antidot structures
It is shown that a polarized microwave radiation creates directed transport
in an asymmetric antidot superlattice in a two dimensional electron gas. A
numerical method is developed that allows to establish the dependence of this
ratchet effect on several parameters relevant for real experimental studies. It
is applied to the concrete case of a semidisk Galton board where the electron
dynamics is chaotic in the absence of microwave driving. The obtained results
show that high currents can be reached at a relatively low microwave power.
This effect opens new possibilities for microwave control of transport in
asymmetric superlattices.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure
Electric multipole plasmons in deformed sodium clusters
The random-phase-approximation (RPA) method with separable residual forces
(SRPA) is proposed for the description of multipole electric oscillations of
valence electrons in deformed alkali metal clusters. Both the deformed mean
field and residual interaction are derived self-consistently from the Kohn-Sham
functional. SRPA drastically simplifies the computational effort which is
urgent if not decisive for deformed systems. The method is applied to the
description of dipole, quadrupole and octupole plasmons in deformed sodium
clusters of a moderate size. We demonstrate that, in clusters with the size
N>50, Landau damping successfully competes with deformation splitting and even
becomes decisive in forming the width and gross structure of the dipole
plasmon. Besides, the plasmon is generated by excitations from both ground
state and shape isomers. In such clusters familiar experimental estimates for
deformation splitting of dipole plasmon are useless.Comment: 27 pages, 10 figure
Hartree-Fock dynamics in highly excited quantum dots
Time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory is used to describe density oscillations
of symmetry-unrestricted two-dimensional nanostructures. In the small amplitude
limit the results reproduce those obtained within a perturbative approach such
as the linearized time-dependent Hartree-Fock one. The nonlinear regime is
explored by studying large amplitude oscillations in a non-parabolic potential,
which are shown to introduce a strong coupling with internal degrees of
freedom. This excitation of internal modes, mainly of monopole and quadrupole
character, results in sizeable modifications of the dipole absorption.Comment: 4 pages, 4 embedded figure
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