Comment promouvoir l'intelligence économique en Suisse: propositions concrètes et opérationnelles pour la mise sur pied d'une association professionnelle en intelligence économique en Suisse romande

Ce travail de bachelor a pour but la rédaction d’une série de propositions concrètes et opérationnelles en vue de la mise sur pied d’une association professionnelle en Intelligence économique (IE) et veille stratégique en Suisse romande. Cette association doit avoir pour but de fédérer les professionnels de l’IE et de promouvoir la profession. Pour faire ces propositions, ce travail s’articule autour de quatre axes de recherche : revue de la littérature professionnelle, benchmark des associations existantes, entretiens avec les professionnels de l’IE et enquête auprès des professionnels. Chacun de ces axes a permis de mettre en évidence à la fois les besoins en Suisse romande en termes d’IE mais aussi les attentes des professionnels vis-à-vis de l’existence d’une association professionnelle. Nous proposons, au terme de notre travail, 24 propositions. Ces propositions sont : soit des obligations, c’est-à-dire qu’elles sont considérées comme indispensables soit des recommandations, c’est-à-dire qu’elles peuvent encore être discutés, mais méritent toute l’attention de l’association soit des propositions simples, c’est-à-dire qu’il n’y a pas d’urgence dans leur application. Ces propositions sont réparties en quatre thèmes : Administration de l’association Evénements et rencontres Missions et objectifs Proposition de valeu

Reliefs sous-marins et anomalies du géoïde dans la zone économique de Nouvelle Calédonie

Dans ce rapport, sont présentés de nouveaux algorithmes de calcul tridimensionnel de hauteurs bathymétriques à partir de données satellitaires de hauteur de la mer. Ces algorithmes permettent une étude des différents types de structures bathymétriques (monts sous-marins, rides et plateaux) présents dans les régions océaniques géologiquement complexes comme la Zone Economique de Nouvelle Calédonie. Un mont sous marin non encore cartographié a été détecté à l'extrême Est de la zone d'étude. (Résumé d'auteur

Post-Eocene extensional tectonics in Southern New Caledonia (SW Pacific): insights from onshore fault analysis and offshore seismic data

Ductile to brittle extensional deformation following thrusting of the peridotites nappe during the Upper Eocene has been shown to play a major role in the Tertiary tectonic evolution of the northern part of the main island of New Caledonia and its eastern and western margins. In this study, we provide new tectonic data from southern New Caledonia that allow to better constrain the tectonic evolution of the southern part of the main island. We present a kinematic analysis of faults and striations obtained mainly from exposures of sedimentary rocks in the region of Noumea with complements from measurements made farther north at Nepoui within post-obduction Middle-Miocene deposits. We also present additional results of an interpretation of seismic lines from the lagoon south of the Noumea Peninsula which provide constraints on the current tectonic regime of southern New Caledonia. Extensional faults in the Noumea region have been studied within terranes of various ages including pre- and syn-obduction deposits and ophiolites. Hence, we demonstrate that important extensional events have affected the southern part of the New Caledonia block after the obduction of the peridotite nappe. The direction of maximum extension is variable at the scale of the region. Both high angle and low angle normal faults are present and block rotation is observed at some localities. This suggests that detachments accommodating significant displacements are cutting through the sedimentary pile. The average final strain pattern of the region can be regarded as the results of a multidirectional flattening, a hypothesis consistent with vertical uplift associated with regional extension. These results are in good agreement with conclusions of earlier workers showing late extensional evolution of the ophiolites alon

Water level fluctuations in the Congo basin derived from ENVISAT satellite altimetry

In the Congo Basin, the elevated vulnerability of food security and the water supply implies that sustainable development strategies must incorporate the effects of climate change on hydrological regimes. However, the lack of observational hydro-climatic data over the past decades strongly limits the number of studies investigating the effects of climate change in the Congo Basin. We present the largest altimetry-based dataset of water levels ever constituted over the entire Congo Basin. This dataset of water levels illuminates the hydrological regimes of various tributaries of the Congo River. A total of 140 water level time series are extracted using ENVISAT altimetry over the period of 2003 to 2009. To improve the understanding of the physical phenomena dominating the region, we perform a K-means cluster analysis of the altimeter-derived river level height variations to identify groups of hydrologically similar catchments. This analysis reveals nine distinct hydrological regions. The proposed regionalization scheme is validated and therefore considered reliable for estimating monthly water level variations in the Congo Basin. This result confirms the potential of satellite altimetry in monitoring spatio-temporal water level variations as a promising and unprecedented means for improved representation of the hydrologic characteristics in large ungauged river basins

Surface freshwater storage variations in the Orinoco floodplains using multi-satellite observations

Variations in surface water extent and storage are poorly characterized from regional to global scales. In this study, a multi-satellite approach is proposed to estimate the water stored in the floodplains of the Orinoco Basin at a monthly time-scale using remotely-sensed observations of surface water from the Global Inundation Extent Multi-Satellite (GIEMS) and stages from Envisat radar altimetry. Surface water storage variations over 2003-2007 exhibit large interannual variability and a strong seasonal signal, peaking during summer, and associated with the flood pulse. The volume of surface water storage in the Orinoco Basin was highly correlated with the river discharge at Ciudad Bolivar (R = 0.95), the closest station to the mouth where discharge was estimated, although discharge lagged one month behind storage. The correlation remained high (R = 0.73) after removing seasonal effects. Mean annual variations in surface water volume represented similar to 170 km(3), contributing to similar to 45% of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)-derived total water storage variations and representing similar to 13% of the total volume of water that flowed out of the Orinoco Basin to the Atlantic Ocean