3,389 research outputs found
Children’s experiences of domestic violence and abuse: siblings’ accounts of relational coping
This article explores how young people see their relationships, particularly their sibling relationships, in families affected by domestic violence, and how relationality emerges in their accounts as a resource to build an agentic sense of self. The ‘voice’ of children is largely absent from domestic violence literature, which typically portrays them as passive, damaged and relationally incompetent. Children’s own understandings of their relational worlds are often overlooked, and consequently existing models of children’s social interactions give inadequate accounts of their meaning-making-in-context. Drawn from a larger study of children’s experiences of domestic violence and abuse, this paper uses two case studies of sibling relationships to explore young people’s use of relational resources, for coping with violence in the home. The paper explores how relationality and coping intertwine in young people’s accounts, and disrupts the taken for granted assumption that children’s ‘premature caring’ or ‘parentification’ is (only) pathological in children’s responses to domestic violence. This has implications for understanding young people’s experiences in the present, and supporting their capacity for relationship building in the future
Clinician experiences on training and awareness of sexual orientation in NHS Talking Therapies Services for Anxiety and Depression
Previous research that explored sexual minority service users’ experiences of accessing NHS Talking Therapies
for Anxiety and Depression Services highlighted the need for specific sexual orientation training. Inconsistent or lack of training may contribute to disparities in treatment outcomes between sexual minority service users and heterosexual service users. The aim of the study was to explore clinicians’ competencies working with sexual minority service users, their experiences of sexual orientation training, their view of current gaps intraining provision, and ways to improve training. Self-reported sexual orientation competency scales and open ended
questions were used to address the aims of the study. Participants (n=83) included Psychological
Wellbeing Practitioners (PWPs) and high-intensity CBT therapists (HITs). Responses on competency scales
were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis tests and thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative responses.
Participants who identified as 25–29 years old had higher scores on the knowledge scale than 45+-year-olds.Bisexual participants also had higher scores on the knowledge subscale than heterosexual participants. Threeover-arching themes were identified: (a) training received on sexual minority issues by Talking Therapies
clinicians, (b) clinicians’ experiences of accessing and receiving sexual minority training, and (c) perceived gaps in current sexual minority training and ways to improve training. Findings were linked to previous literature and recommendations to stakeholders are made throughout the Discussion section with the view of improving sexual orientation training
The expression of P-glycoprotein does influence the distribution of novel fluorescent compounds in solid tumour models
Solid tumours display a complex drug resistance phenotype that involves inherent and acquired mechanisms. Multicellular resistance is an inherent feature of solid tumours and is known to present significant barriers to drug permeation in tumours. Given this barrier, do acquired resistance mechanisms such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) contribute significantly to resistance? To address this question, the multicellular tumour spheroid (MCTS) model was used to examine the influence of P-gp on drug distribution in solid tissue. Tumour spheroids (TS) were generated from either drug-sensitive MCF7WT cells or a drug-resistant, P-gp-expressing derivative MCF7Adr. Confocal microscopy was used to measure time courses and distribution patterns of three fluorescent compounds; calcein-AM, rhodamine123 and BODIPY-taxol. These compounds were chosen because they are all substrates for P-gp-mediated transport, exhibit high fluorescence and are chemically dissimilar. For example, BODIPY-taxol and rhodamine 123 showed high accumulation and distributed extensively throughout the TSWT, whereas calcein-AM accumulation was restricted to the outermost layers. The presence of P-gp in TSAdr resulted in negligible accumulation, regardless of the compound. Moreover, the inhibition of P-gp by nicardipine restored intracellular accumulation and distribution patterns to levels observed in TSWT. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of P-gp in modulating drug distribution in solid tumour models. However, the penetration of agents throughout the tissue is strongly determined by the physico-chemical properties of the individual compounds
Academic citizenship and wellbeing: An exploratory cross-cultural study of South African and Swedish academic perceptions
Academic citizenship is, conceptually speaking, closely related to organisational citizenship behaviour, as both concepts can be regarded as consisting essentially of personal co-worker and organisational support behaviours. Academics across the world operate in widely divergent settings in different socioeconomic and political situations and higher education environments. Such differing circumstances might be expected to have a bearing on the priorities that academics face in different countries and the ways academic citizenship is understood. This paper uses a mixed methods approach to analyse perceptions of academic citizenship and employee well-being in one Swedish and one South African university which operate in starkly different socioeconomic circumstances. The findings of the exploratory study suggest that despite wide-ranging differences in socioeconomic environments between the two countries, there is a high degree of common understanding of the form and substance of academic citizenship and its bearing on well-being. Key words Academic citizenship, organisational citizenship behaviour, South African and Swedish universities, well-bein
Field dependence of the vortex core size in a multi-band superconductor
The magnetic field dependence of the vortex core size in the multi-band
superconductor NbSe2 has been determined from muon spin rotation measurements.
The spatially extended nature of the quasiparticle core states associated with
the smaller gap leads to a rapid field-induced shrinkage of the core size at
low fields, while the more tightly bound nature of the states associated with
the larger gap leads to a field-independent core size for fields greater than 4
kOe. A simple model is proposed for the density of delocalized core states that
establishes a direct relationship between the field-induced reduction of the
vortex core size and the corresponding enhancement of the electronic thermal
conductivity. We show that this model accurately describes both NbSe2 and the
single-band superconductor V3Si.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical
Review Letter
Early childhood pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding, SIDS, infection and dental malocclusion
Choosing Wisely: Highest‐cost tests in outpatient neurology
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98329/1/ana23865.pd
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Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106672/1/ana24034.pd
Scaling of the anomalous Hall effect in SrCaRuO
The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) of ferromagnetic thin films of
SrCaRuO (0 0.4) is studied as a function of
and temperature . As increases, both the transition temperature
and the magnetization are reduced and vanish near 0.7. For all
compositions, the transverse resistivity varies non-monotonously
with , and even changes sign, thus violating the conventional expression
( is the magnetic induction, while
and are the ordinary and anomalous Hall coefficients). From the rather
complicated data of , we find a scaling behavior of the transverse
conductivity with , which is well reproduced by the
first-principles band calculation assuming the intrinsic origin of the AHE.Comment: REVTeX 4 style; 5 pages, 3 figures; revised 23/2 and accepted for
publicatio
A Template for a New Generic Geographically Weighted R Package gwverse
GWR is a popular approach for investigating the spatial variation in relationships between response and predictor variables, and critically for investigating and understanding process spatial heterogeneity. The geographically weighted (GW) framework is increasingly used to accommodate different types of models and analyses, reflecting a wider desire to explore spatial variation in model parameters and outputs. However, the growth in the use of GWR and different GW models has only been partially supported by package development in both R and Python, the major coding environments for spatial analysis. The result is that refinements have been inconsistently included within GWR and GW functions in any given package. This paper outlines the structure of a new gwverse package, that may over time replace GW model, that takes advantage of recent developments in the composition of complex, integrated packages. It conceptualizes gwverse as having a modular structure, that separates core GW functionality and applications such as GWR. It adopts a function factory approach, in which bespoke functions are created and returned to the user based on user-defined parameters. The paper introduces two demonstrator modules that can be used to undertake GWR and identifies a number of key considerations and next steps
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