Enhancing Network Security: Host Trustworthiness Estimation

Network connected devices has become inherent part of our lives. These devices have come to be more and more mobile and are target of various malware attacks. An inability to guarantee or check proper security settings of such devices poses a serious risk to network security. In this paper we propose a novel concept of flow based host trustworthiness estimation. The estimated trustworthiness determines a level of the risk to the network security the host posses. This concept enables network operators to identify a potential dangerous host in their network and take an appropriate precautions. Models used for trustworthiness estimation are based on scoring either single events or host characteristics. In order to be able to estimate trustworthiness of a host even in large scale networks, the data used for estimation are reduced only to extended network flows. The research is in its initial phase and will conclude with Ph.D. thesis in three years.Zařízení připojené do sítě se stala neodmyslitelnou součástí našeho života. Tyto zařízení jsou stále mobilnější a stávají se cílem různých druhů škodlivého softwaru. Neschopnost zaručit či prověřit správné nastavení bezpečnostního zajištění těchto zařízení představuje nezanedbatelné riziko pro bezpečnost počítačové sítě. V tomto článku je představen koncept pro odhadování míry důvěryhodnosti daného zařízení. Míra důvěryhodnosti reprezentuje míru rizika, kterou zařízení představuje pro síťovou bezpečnost. Tento koncept umožní správcům sítě identifikovat potenciálně nebezpečné zařízení. Modely pro odhadování důvěryhodnosti jsou založeny na scoringu buď jednotlivých událostí nebo charakteristik zařízení. Aby bylo možné odhadovat důvěryhodnost zařízené dokonce i v rozsáhlých sítích, pro odhad důvěryhodnosti jsou využívána pouze data ze síťových toků. Výzkum je v jeho počáteční fázi a bude v horizontu tří let završen disertační prací

Postcolonial healing landscapes and mental health in a remote Indigenous community in subarctic Ontario, Canada

The concept of therapeutic landscape is concerned with a holistic, socio-ecological model of health, but most studies have attempted to explore land-health links from a Western perspective. On an Indigenous reserve in Northern Ontario, part of the Canadian subarctic, we explore the importance of spaces and places in creating postcolonial therapeutic landscapes to treat the wounds inflicted by colonialism. The aim of this research is to gain insight from views and experiences of First Nations residents living on reservations that are undergoing a process of regaining traditional spiritual beliefs and teachings to construct therapeutic spaces to face mental health problems caused by legal opioid analgesic abuse. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with Cree and Ojibwe participants to understand how they are reconnecting with earth, spirituality and traditional animist beliefs on their way to recovery. We find that practices such as taking part in ceremonies and ritual spaces, and seeking knowledge and advice from Elders assist with personal healing and enable Indigenous people to be physically and mentally healthy. Our research findings provide important insights into the relationship between space, healing and culture as determinants of health and well-being and document some key factors that contribute to substance abuse recovery.This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science (Spain) [I + D+i SEJ2005-09344/SOCI]; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Canada) [I + D+i CURA/NORTHERN]

Neutron Capture on the s-Process Branching Point 171^{171}Tm via Time-of-Flight and Activation

The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable nuclides acting as branching points in the s process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies. The unstable $^{171}$Tm(t$_{1/2}$=1.92 yr) is part of the branching around mass A∼170 but its neutron capture cross section as a function of the neutron energy is not known to date. In this work, following the production for the first time of more than 5 mg of $^{171}$Tm at the high-flux reactor Institut Laue-Langevin in France, a sample was produced at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. Two complementary experiments were carried out at the neutron time-of-flight facility (n_TOF) at CERN in Switzerland and at the SARAF liquid lithium target facility at Soreq Nuclear Research Center in Israel by time of flight and activation, respectively. The result of the time-of-flight experiment consists of the first ever set of resonance parameters and the corresponding average resonance parameters, allowing us to make an estimation of the Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) by extrapolation. The activation measurement provides a direct and more precise measurement of the MACS at 30 keV: 384(40) mb, with which the estimation from the n_TOF data agree at the limit of 1 standard deviation. This value is 2.6 times lower than the JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VIII evaluations, 25% lower than that of the Bao et al. compilation, and 1.6 times larger than the value recommended in the KADoNiS (v1) database, based on the only previous experiment. Our result affects the nucleosynthesis at the A∼170 branching, namely, the $^{171}$Yb abundance increases in the material lost by asymptotic giant branch stars, providing a better match to the available pre-solar SiC grain measurements compared to the calculations based on the current JEFF-3.3 model-based evaluation

Long-term conservation of Tarenaya rosea (Cleomaceae) root cultures : histological and histochemical analyses during cryopreservation using the encapsulation-vitrification technique

Adventitious root cultures of Tarenaya rosea were successfully cryopreserved using the encapsulation-vitrification technique. Histological analysis revealed useful information on the successive steps of cryopreservation. Coupled with complementary histochemical approaches, these studies provided cellular and tissue descriptions of T. rosea root cultures during cryopreservation and contributed to an understanding of cellular stress responses, as well as characterization of the anatomical pattern of root regeneration. The effects of exposure duration to PVS3 solution (0-120 min), unloading treatment (direct and gradual), and recovery medium (liquid and solid) on recovery of cryopreserved roots were investigated. The highest recovery (91%) after cooling in liquid nitrogen (LN) was reached with PVS3 treatment for 90 min, gradual rehydration in unloading solution, and recovery on solid MS medium. The cryopreserved roots showed high multiplication capacity, which was maintained for up to four subcultures. The effect of cryopreservation on root structure was investigated by histological and histochemical studies. Plasmolysis intensified during exposure to loading and PVS3 solutions, but decreased after unloading treatment. The proportion of intercellular spaces increased progressively throughout the cryopreservation protocol, culminating in root cortex disruption. Histochemical analyses revealed polysaccharides, proteins, and both lipidic and pectic substances in intercellular spaces. The vascular cylinder remained intact, ensuring the formation of new roots from the pericycle, showing that proliferative capacity of cryopreserved roots had not diminished

Plant processing experiments and use-wear analysis of Tabon Cave artefacts question the intentional character of denticulates in prehistoric Southeast Asia

The presence of notches on European Palaeolithic flaked stone tools termed ‘denticulates’ has been variously ascribed to cultural, functional and taphonomic factors. In Southeast Asia prehistoric stone tool assemblages are dominated by unretouched flakes, so the rare retouched lithics, including denticulates, can be considered unique testimonies of the intention of the tool makers to control the shape and properties of tool edges. Here we report the results of plant processing experiments with modern unretouched flakes made of red jasper. Splitting plants with the help of a specific hand and arm movement (“twist-of-the-wrist”) resulted in a series of use-wear traces that included large crescent-break micro-scars. These are very similar in shape and appearance to the notches of prehistoric denticulated tools. These results suggest that some denticulated pieces in prehistoric Southeast Asia could be less intentional than previously thought, being instead the result of plant processing activities. We also report here the analysis of 41 denticulates from Tabon Cave, Philippines. While some are clearly intentionally retouch, others exhibit use-wear and nocth micro-morphology characteristic of plant splitting. The notches of others result from utilisation and taphonomy or trampling. Altogether, our observations raise the following question: should the term denticulates be restricted to the tools intentionally retouched or encompass all the tools with adjacent notches whatever the origin of the latter is