Potencial de diferentes cultivares de uvas para processamento de sucos nas condições do sul do Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the juice quality of 11 grape cultivars over three productive cycles, aiming to identify which cultivars are indicated to complement the varietal matrix and allow the extension of the harvest period in the region of Vale do Rio do Peixe - SC. The grapes used to elaborate the juices were: BRS Rúbea (RUB), BRS Cora (COR); BRS Violet (VIO); BRS Carmen (CAR), BRS Magna (MAG), Bordô (BOR), Isabel (ISA), Isabel Precoce (IP), Concord (CON), Concord Clone 30 (C30) and SCS 421 Paulina (SCSP), produced in the EPAGRI experimental station vineyard, in Videira-SC. The physical-chemical variables analyzed showed statistically significant differences for the different cultivars. From the analysis of main components performed, it was possible to observe the noticeable differences between the levels of this factor and the correlations between the parameters. ISA and IP showed lower levels of anthocyanins and color, differing from VIO and MAG. CON and C30 stood out for their high acidity and low soluble solids content. BOR, SCSP and RUB presented juices with intense coloring, high content of bioactive compounds, nevertheless they presented lower levels of soluble solids and a higher acidity, while COR presented slightly higher contents for total soluble solids. The cultivars that brought together the greatest number of favorable characteristics (physical-chemical, sensory and extension of the harvest dates) for the juice elaboration in the studied region, proving favorable to complement the productive matrix composed of ISA and BOR, were VIO, MAG, IP, COR and CAR.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do suco de 11 cultivares de uvas ao longo de três ciclos produtivos, com o intuito de identificar quais os cultivares são indicadas para complementar a matriz varietal e permitir a ampliação do período de colheita na região do Vale do Rio do Peixe - SC. As uvas empregadas na elaboração dos sucos foram: BRS Rúbea (RUB), BRS Cora (COR); BRS Violeta (VIO); BRS Carmem (CAR), BRS Magna (MAG), Bordô (BOR), Isabel (ISA), Isabel Precoce (IP), Concord (CON), Concord Clone 30 (C30) e SCS 421 Paulina (SCSP), produzidas em vinhedo experimental da Epagri, Estação experimental de Videira-SC. As variáveis físico-químicas analisadas apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas para os diferentes cultivares. A partir de análises de componentes principais foi possível observar as marcantes diferenças entre os níveis desse fator e as correlações entre os parâmetros. ISA e IP demonstraram menores teores de antocianinas e coloração, diferenciando-se de VIO e MAG. CON e C30 destacaram-se pela alta acidez e pouco teor de sólidos solúveis. BOR, SCSP e RUB apresentaram sucos com coloração intensa, alto teor de compostos bioativos, porém apresentam menores teores de sólidos solúveis e uma maior acidez, enquanto COR apresenta teores ligeiramente mais elevados para sólidos solúveis totais. Os cultivares que reuniram o maior número de características favoráveis (físico-química, sensorial e ampliação de data de colheita) para a elaboração de suco na região estudada, mostrando-se favoráveis para complementar a matriz produtiva composta por ISA e BOR, são VIO, MAG, IP, COR e CAR

Performance of resistant grape varieties (PIWI), 'Felicia', 'Calardis Blanc' and 'Helios' in two locations of Santa Catarina State (BR)

ABSTRACT Downy mildew (Plamopora viticola) is one of the major problems to produce wine grapes in Brazil, a main cause of yield losses in the Southern region of the country. An alternative to the use of pesticides is the use of resistant varieties (PIWI): wine grapes combining high oenological potential and resistance to diseases. The goal of this work was to assess the vegetative and productive performance and maturation of three PIWI varieties (‘Felicia’, ‘Calardis Blanc’ and ‘Helios’) produced at altitudes of 840m and 1250m in the 2020, 2021 and 2022 vintages. The study is focused on four phenological stages: budbreak (BBCH 7), full bloom (BBCH 65), veraison (BBCH 81) and maturity/harvest (BBCH 89). The criteria for measuring the productive performance were, the number of clusters, average cluster weight, production per plant, yield and Ravaz index. As parameters for technological and phenolic maturation, pH, soluble solids, total acidity and total polyphenols were evaluated. The budbreak occurred at the end of August until the second fortnight of September, the flowering occurred in the second week of October, the veraison occurred during the month of December, and the maturity/harvest occurred from the second fortnight of January until the beginning of February. The earliest budbreak occurred with ‘Felicia’ in the vineyard at 1250m and the latest occurred with ‘Calardis Blanc’. Regardless of the vineyard altitude, there was practically no difference in the flowering date between varieties and the vineyards altitude, the veraison and the maturity/harvest occurred earlier in the vineyard at 840m. The varieties produced at 840 m had a shorter cycle and proved to be more productive when compared to those produced at 1250 m. The studied varieties showed good phenological adaptation, high yield and maturation indices suitable for the production of quality still and sparkling white wines at both altitudes. From the results obtained, ‘Felicia’ and ‘Calardis Blanc’ seem to be the most promising varieties for cultivation in both altitude ranges

Volatile composition of merlot red wine and its contribution to the aroma: optimization and validation of analytical method

A methodology for the determination of volatile compounds in red wine using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-ion trap/ mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) and flame ionization detector (GC -FID) was developed, validated and applied to a sample of Brazilian red wine. The optimization strategy was conducted using the Plackett-Burman design for variable selection and central composite rotational design (CCRD). The response surface methodology showed that the performance of the extraction of the volatile compounds using divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber is improved with no sample dilution, the addition of 30% NaCl, applying an extraction temperature of 56 °C and extraction time of 55 min. The qualitative method allowed the extraction and identification of 60 volatile compounds in the sample studied, notably the classes of esters, alcohols, and fatty acids. Furthermore, the method was successfully validated for the quantification of 55 volatile compounds of importance in wines and applied to twelve samples of Merlot red wine from South of Brazil. The calculation of the odor activity value (OAV) showed the most important components of the samples aroma. Ethyl isovalerate, ethyl hexanoate, 1-hexanol, octanoic acid and ethyl cinnamate had the greatest contribution to the aroma of the wines analyzed, which is predominantly fruity with the presence of herbal and fatty odors174752766COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESSem informaçã

Synthesis of organothioacrylonitriles and organoselenoacrylonitriles by reaction of 1-Halo-1-chalcogenoalkenes with CuCN

Reaction of 1-halo-1-organothio or 1-halo-1-organoseleno alkenes with CuCN in NMP as solvent provides alpha-phenylthio or alpha-phenylseleno acrylonitriles in good yields. The reaction showed a low stereoselectivity and the products were obtained as E/Z mixtures of isomers