COMPARISON OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BEEF CALVES FROM DIFFERENT GENETIC STRAINS REARED UNDER ORGANIC CONDITIONs (D. 3.2)

The objective of the present study was to compare growth performance of 15 Danish Holstein bull (DHB) calves, 15 Limousine x Danish Holstein crossbred bull (CB) calves and 15 Limousine x Danish Holstein crossbred heifer (CH) calves reared under organic conditions. Spring-born calves were puchased at private farms and arrived at approximately 20 days of age with an average initial body weight of 52.9, 58.5 and 56.1 kg, (SEM 2.6) for DHB, CB and CH, respectively. Calves were kept indoor until weaning at 3 months of age. Calves were gradually introduced to a grass-silage based ration from 3 to 4 months of age. From 4 to 7 months calves were kept on mix grass pasture of ryegrass and white clover. There were significant differences between treatment groups in terms of average daily gain (ADGP1) during the first summer pasture period, average daily gain (ADGI) during the indoor winter period, and average daily gain (ADGP2) during the second summer pasture period (first 7 weeks). Thus, CB had significantly greater ADG than CH for all three periods with DHB being in between. CB had greater values than DHB and CH in terms of LWP1 144, 140 and 135 (SEM 4) kg, ADGP1 1.15, 1.04 and 0.95 (SEM 0.05) kg/d, LW Indoor 222, 213, and 201 (SEM 5) kg and ADGI 1.06, 1.02 and 0.95 (SEM 0.02) kg/d, LWP2 462, 445 and 414 (SEM 9) kg and ADGP2 1.24, 0.98 and 0.68 (SEM 0.04) kg/d for CB, DHB and CH, respectively. The final live weight were not different between CB and DHB but was significantly lower for CH than DHB and CB (483, 539 and 582 (SEM 8) kg, for CH, DHB and CB, respectively). Overall growth performance across all periods was 13% higher for CB than CH

The Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Barley Seedling Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Some Soil Properties, and Bacterial Counts

This study was conducted with barley in greenhouse conditions in order to investigate seed inoculation with 5 different N2-fixing (Bacillus licheniformis RC02, Rhodobacter capsulatus RC04, Paenibacillus polymyxa RC05, Pseudomonas putida RC06, and Bacillus OSU-142) and 2 different phosphate-solubilising (Bacillus megaterium RC01 and Bacillus M-13) bacteria in comparison to control and mineral fertiliser (N and P) application. Among the strains used in the present study, 6 plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) stimulated indole acetic acid (IAA) production and 3 of them stimulated phosphate solubilisation; all bacterial strains fixed N2 and significantly increased the growth of barley. Available phosphate in soil was significantly increased by seed inoculation with Bacillus M-13 and B. megaterium RC01. Maximum NO3-N was found in soil after inoculation with N2-fixing Bacillus OSU-142, followed by P. polymyxa RC05 and R. capsulatus RC04. Total culturable bacteria count increased in all treatments with time, whereas N2-fixing bacteria decreased with time, except with B. megaterium RC01 inoculation. The data suggest that seed inoculation of barley with plant PGPR increased root weight by 17.9%-32.1% as compared to the control, and increased shoot weight by 28.8%-54.2%, depending on the species. N2-fixing bacterial inoculation significantly increased uptake of N, Fe, Mn, and Zn by barley. The production of hormones is suggested to be one of the mechanisms by which PGPR stimulate barley growth. Effective Bacillus species, such as OSU-142, RC07, M-13, P. polymyxa RC05, P. putida RC06, and R. capsulatus RC04, may be used in agriculture

ORGANIC FARMING AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT: ÇORUH VALLEY

Organic farming has potential for reducing some of the negative impacts of conventional agriculture on the environment. Organic farming contributes to rural development and economy. These farming systems can also be the most important contributor to the rural economy of region and Çoruh Valley. Çoruh Valley contains rich biological diversity of plants, wildlife, and ecosystems. These natural and environmental resources will play an important role for rural development in this area. Some evidences suggested that an important benefit of organic farming is the creation of jobs in the rural economy and prevention of human erosion. Effective use of the source will come true with production, processing and marketing of organic products such as spices, pekmez, honey, fruit and vegetable juices, thyme juices, vegetable oils, herbal tea, chemical compounds of plant and food additives in Çoruh Valley

Growth and carcass quality of grazing Holstein bulls and Limousine x Holstein bulls and heifers slaughtered at 17 months of age

Across sexes, crossbreeding did not improve growth rate compared to HOL bulls Crossbreeding markedly improved conformation Heifers produced carcasses of acceptable fatness Fatness and lean/fat colour of pasture-fed bulls were not acceptabl

Enzyme activities and growth promotion of spinach by indole-3-acetic acid-producing rhizobacteria

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of twelve plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Bacillus mycoides FD07, B. sphaericus RC12, B. pumilus RC19, B. cereus RC18, Variovorax paradoxus RC21, Paenibacillus polymyxa RC35, Pseudomonas putida RC06, B. megaterium RC07, B. megaterium M-3, B. licheniformis RC08, B. subtilis RC11, and B. subtilis OSU-142) used as biofertilisers, on various enzyme activities [glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD); glutathione reductase (GR); and glutathione S-transferase (GST)] and on seedling growth in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Enhanced plant growth could result from rhizobacterial production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The highest IAA-producing rhizobacteria (RC35 and RC06) produced the highest root and shoot weights. PGPR improved N and P nutrition in spinach, and therefore stimulated plant growth and key enzyme activities. The responses to inoculation, compared to uninoculated control plants, were: –1.9% to +36.4% for shoot fresh weights (FWs), –5.5% to +30.1% for root FWs, –3.5% to +29.8% for shoot dry weights (DWs), –3.8% to +38.5% for root DWs, and –5.9% to +30.1% for leaf areas. Plant growth responses were variable and dependent on the inoculant strain used, as well as on the enzyme activity and growth parameter being evaluated. Close correlations between plant shoot growth, PGPR inoculation, and G6PD (r = 0.28*), 6PGD (r = 0.55**), GR (r = 0.73**), and GST (r = 0. 64**) enzyme activities in spinach have been demonstrated

Role of inoculation with multi-trait rhizobacteria on strawberries under water deficit stress

This study was conducted during 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-containing, N2-fixing and P-solubilizing bacteria on the yield and morpho-physiological parameters of strawberry. A total of 8 applications at the trial set, with four water regimes were randomly distributed into the pots. The diminishing water supply caused a gradual decrease in the plant growth, chlorophyll content and berry yield, accompanied by increasing activities of drought stress markers such as total phenolics content (TPC), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the leaves of strawberry. The multi-trait bacteria also increased plant growth and yield as well as TPC, TEAC, antioxidant enzymes (GR, GST, CAT, POD, SOD and APX) activity, phytohormone (GA, SA and IAA) and the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, but decreased MDA and H2O2 contents which may contribute in part to activation of physiological and biochemical processes involved in the alleviation of the effect of drought stress

A New AR Interaction Paradigm for Collaborative TeleAssistance system: The P.O.A

International audienceIn this paper, we propose a prototype of a collaborative teleassistance system for mechanical repairs based on Augmented Reality (AR). This technology is generally used to implement specific assistance applications for users, which consist of providing all the information, known as augmentations, required to perform a task. For teletransmission applications, operators are equipped with a wearable computer and a technical support expert can accurately visualize what the operator sees thanks to the teletransmission of the corresponding video stream. Within the framework of remote communication, our aim is to foster collaboration, especially informal collaboration, between the operator and the expert in order to make teleassistance easier and more efficient. To do this we rely on classical repair technologies and on collaborative systems to introduce a new human-machine interaction: the Picking Outlining Adding interaction (POA interaction). With this new interaction paradigm, technical information is provided by directly Picking, Outlining and Adding information to an item in an operator's video stream