Effect of orthostatic hypotension on long-term prognosis of elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThe long-term prognosis of patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) combined with orthostatic hypotension (OH) has rarely been reported. This research was designed to examine whether OH increases the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death among patients with stable CAD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed retired military personnel over 65 years of age who were hospitalized at the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army between March and July 2010. A total of 924 patients with stable CAD were included, among whom 263 had OH. The risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in OH and non-OH groups were analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline plots were utilized for subgroup analyses. Furthermore, competing risk models were applied for sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 82.00 (80.00–85.00) years. Over 159 months of follow-up, the loss to follow-up rate was 2.27%, and all-cause mortality was observed in 574 (63.57%) patients, including 184 with OH. Moreover, cardiovascular death occurred in 127 patients (13.73%), with 58 cases associated with OH. Although the relationship between OH and all-cause mortality was non-significant [body mass index (BMI) < 25 group, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.10 with a 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82–1.40; BMI ≥ 25 group, adjusted HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 0.98–1.70], it was independently related to a growing risk of cardiovascular death (adjusted HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.20–2.60). This finding was further validated by using a competing risk model (subdistribution HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.22–2.49). Moreover, age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and frequency of hospital admissions were identified as risk factors of cardiovascular death among patients with OH (P < 0.05).ConclusionOur study, based on retired military personnel with stable CAD, found that OH led to a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular death, but it was not noticeably associated with all-cause mortality on long-term prognosis

Ultrafast Dynamics Across Pressure‐Induced Electronic State Transitions, Fluorescence Quenching, and Bandgap Evolution in CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots

Abstract This work investigates the impact of pressure on the structural, optical properties, and electronic structure of CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) using steady‐state photoluminescence, steady‐state absorption, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, reaching a maximum pressure of 3.38 GPa. The experimental results indicate that CsPbBr3 QDs undergo electronic state (ES) transitions from ES‐I to ES‐II and ES‐II to ES‐III at 0.38 and 1.08 GPa, respectively. Intriguingly, a mixed state of ES‐II and ES‐III is observed within the pressure range of 1.08–1.68 GPa. The pressure‐induced fluorescence quenching in ES‐II is attributed to enhanced defect trapping and reduced radiative recombination. Above 1.68 GPa, fluorescence vanishes entirely, attributed to the complete phase transformation from ES‐II to ES‐III in which radiative recombination becomes non‐existent. Notably, owing to stronger quantum confinement effects, CsPbBr3 QDs exhibit an impressive bandgap tuning range of 0.497 eV from 0 to 2.08 GPa, outperforming nanocrystals by 1.4 times and bulk counterparts by 11.3 times. Furthermore, this work analyzes various carrier dynamics processes in the pressure‐induced bandgap evolution and electron state transitions, and systematically studies the microphysical mechanisms of optical properties in CsPbBr3 QDs under pressure, offering insights for optimizing optical properties and designing novel materials

Opposite Superwetting Nickel Meshes for On-Demand and Continuous Oil/Water Separation

Oil/water separation is widely studied because of the growing discharge of industrial and domestic oily water, as well as frequent petroleum spills; however, on-demand and continuous oil/water separation has seldom been reported. For this purpose, we prepared opposite wetting nickel meshes by creating FeNiO_<i>x</i>(OH)_<i>y</i> micro-/nanostructures on the surface and further modification. The surface morphology, chemical composition, and the wetting property were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, Raman spectrum, XPS, and contact angle measurement. The as-prepared superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic and superhydrophobic/superoleophilic meshes could be used for reusable on-demand oil/water separation with high efficiency. Additionally, continuous oil/water separation was realized by integrating the opposite meshes. The current work will be beneficial for the design and development of materials with special wettabilities and the practical application of oil/water separation

Table1_Effect of orthostatic hypotension on long-term prognosis of elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study.docx

BackgroundThe long-term prognosis of patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) combined with orthostatic hypotension (OH) has rarely been reported. This research was designed to examine whether OH increases the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death among patients with stable CAD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed retired military personnel over 65 years of age who were hospitalized at the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army between March and July 2010. A total of 924 patients with stable CAD were included, among whom 263 had OH. The risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in OH and non-OH groups were analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline plots were utilized for subgroup analyses. Furthermore, competing risk models were applied for sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 82.00 (80.00–85.00) years. Over 159 months of follow-up, the loss to follow-up rate was 2.27%, and all-cause mortality was observed in 574 (63.57%) patients, including 184 with OH. Moreover, cardiovascular death occurred in 127 patients (13.73%), with 58 cases associated with OH. Although the relationship between OH and all-cause mortality was non-significant [body mass index (BMI) ConclusionOur study, based on retired military personnel with stable CAD, found that OH led to a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular death, but it was not noticeably associated with all-cause mortality on long-term prognosis.</p

Matchstick-Like Cu₂S@Cu_<i>x</i>O Nanowire Film: Transition of Superhydrophilicity to Superhydrophobicity

We fabricated a matchstick-like Cu₂S@Cu_<i>x</i>O nanowire film on copper mesh by applying a Cu­(OH)₂ nanowires template-sacrificial method, which can transformed from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic just after storage in air for a certain period without any further organic modification. The surface morphology, chemical composition and the wettability were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman, X-ray Photoelectron Microscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. Results showed that the change of surface chemical composition and the trapped air among the matchstick-like structures were the decisive factors for the wettability transition. Therefore, on-demand oil/water separation was achieved, which was performed by using the superhydrophilic–underwater superoleophobic mesh for separating light oil/water mixtures and the superhydrophobic one for separating heavy oil/water mixtures

Promoting AMPK/SR-A1-mediated clearance of HMGB1 attenuates chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious side effect of chemotherapy with poorly understood mechanisms and few treatments. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-induced neuroinflammation is the main cause of CIPN. Here, we aimed to illustrate the role of the macrophage scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) in HMGB1 clearance and CIPN resolution. Methods Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) was used to establish a CIPN model. Recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) (his tag) was used to evaluate the phagocytosis of HMGB1 by macrophages. Results In the clinic, HMGB1 expression and MMP-9 activity were increased in the plasma of patients with CIPN. Plasma HMGB1 expression was positively correlated with the cumulative dose of L-OHP and the visual analog scale. In vitro, engulfment and degradation of rHMGB1 increased and inflammatory factor expression decreased after AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Neutralizing antibodies, inhibitors, or knockout of SR-A1 abolished the effects of AMPK activation on rHMGB1 engulfment. In vivo, AMPK activation increased SR-A1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion, decreased plasma HMGB1 expression and MMP-9 activity, and attenuated CIPN, which was abolished by AMPK inhibition or SR-A1 knockout in the CIPN mice model. Conclusion Activation of the AMPK/SR-A1 axis alleviated CIPN by increasing macrophage-mediated HMGB1 engulfment and degradation. Therefore, promoting HMGB1 clearance may be a potential treatment strategy for CIPN. Video abstrac