Euclid Near Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer instrument concept and first test results obtained for different breadboards models at the end of phase C

The Euclid mission objective is to understand why the expansion of the Universe is accelerating through by mapping the geometry of the dark Universe by investigating the distance-redshift relationship and tracing the evolution of cosmic structures. The Euclid project is part of ESA's Cosmic Vision program with its launch planned for 2020 (ref [1]). The NISP (Near Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer) is one of the two Euclid instruments and is operating in the near-IR spectral region (900- 2000nm) as a photometer and spectrometer. The instrument is composed of: - a cold (135K) optomechanical subsystem consisting of a Silicon carbide structure, an optical assembly (corrector and camera lens), a filter wheel mechanism, a grism wheel mechanism, a calibration unit and a thermal control system - a detection subsystem based on a mosaic of 16 HAWAII2RG cooled to 95K with their front-end readout electronic cooled to 140K, integrated on a mechanical focal plane structure made with molybdenum and aluminum. The detection subsystem is mounted on the optomechanical subsystem structure - a warm electronic subsystem (280K) composed of a data processing / detector control unit and of an instrument control unit that interfaces with the spacecraft via a 1553 bus for command and control and via Spacewire links for science data This presentation describes the architecture of the instrument at the end of the phase C (Detailed Design Review), the expected performance, the technological key challenges and preliminary test results obtained for different NISP subsystem breadboards and for the NISP Structural and Thermal model (STM)

Rapport II.11 Modélisations mathématiques et physiques de la salinité et de la vase dans l'estuaire de la Loire

Mathematical and physical modeling of salinity and suspended mud in the Loire estuary. Two models of the Loire estuary were built, one mathematical, the other physical. The mathematical model simulation is done through a multilayered system which takes into account vertical variations of parameters, in particular velocities and densities. This model was used to study tidal and salt penetration into the estuary. The physical model, at horizontal scale 1/1250 was also used to study tidal and salt penetration and both models provided homogeneous results. In addition the physical model reproduced suspended mud movements along the estuary and forecast deposit areas. These sedimentological tests proved the important role of tide in the estuarian sedimentary processes.Deux modèles de l'estuaire de la Loire ont été construits, l'un mathématique, l'autre physique. Le modèle mathématique réalise la simulation sous la forme d'un système multicouche qui permet de tenir compte des variations verticales des paramètres, vitesses et densité en particulier. Ce modèle a été utilisé pour l'étude de la pénétration de la marée et de l'intrusion saline dans l'estuaire. Le modèle physique à l'échelle du 1/1250 en plan, a été également utilisé pour les études de la pénétration de la marée et de 1' intrusion saline et les deux modèles ont fourni des résultats homogènes. En outre, le modèle physique a permis de reproduire les mouvements des vases en suspension dans l'estuaire et de prévoir les zones d'accumulation. Ces essais sédimentologiques ont mis en évidence le rôle important de la marée dans les processus sédimentaires estuariens.Caillat Jean-Michel. Rapport II.11 Modélisations mathématiques et physiques de la salinité et de la vase dans l'estuaire de la Loire. In: L'hydraulique et la maitrise du littoral. Problèmes côtiers posés par le mouvement des sédiments et la pollution. Dix-huitièmes journées de l'hydraulique. Marseille, 11-13 septembre 1984. Tome 2, 1984

ARTEMIX - Alma RemoTE MIning eXperiment

International audienceEven if not yet in full operation mode, the ALMA observatory has already delivered huge amounts of data. Those data are accessible to download via the ALMA science archive portal from their parent project id. We present here ARTEMIX (Alma RemoTE MIning eXperiment), a development from the Paris Observatory that aims at exploring new tools for metadata and datacube remote visualisation. ARTEMIX does not reprocess the calibrated data. It is thought as a collection of display facilities which aim is to ease the definition of trans-project subsamples. Future developments, like automated subsample selection via higher-level data analysis are possible, but require the access to fully imaged data-cubes that are not provided yet

Journées d'étude sur les sanctuaires.: Autour de Gergovie, La Roche Blanche, Juin 2008

Organisateurs de Journée d'étud

21SSD: a public data base of simulated 21-cm signals from the epoch of reionization

International audienceThe 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization (EoR) is expected to be detected in the next few years, either with existing instruments or by the upcoming SKA and HERA projects. In this context, there is a pressing need for publicly available high-quality templates covering a wide range of possible signals. These are needed both for end-to-end simulations of the up-coming instruments and to develop signal analysis methods. We present such a set of templates, publicly available, for download at 21ssd.obspm.fr. The data base contains 21-cm brightness temperature lightcones at high and low resolution, and several derived statistical quantities for 45 models spanning our choice of 3D parameter space. These data are the result of fully coupled radiative hydrodynamic high-resolution (1024^3) simulations performed with the licorice code. Both X-ray and Lyman line transfer are performed to account for heating and Wouthuysen–Field coupling fluctuations. We also present a first exploitation of the data using the power spectrum and the pixel distribution function (PDF) computed from lightcone data. We analyse how these two quantities behave when varying the model parameters while taking into account the thermal noise expected of a typical SKA survey. Finally, we show that the noiseless power spectrum and PDF have different – and somewhat complementary – abilities to distinguish between different models. This preliminary result will have to be expanded to the case including thermal noise. This type of results opens the door to formulating an optimal sampling of the parameter space, dependent on the chosen diagnostics

Une source inédite de l’histoire de l’anticommunisme : les archives de l’Entente internationale anticommuniste (EIA) de Théodore Aubert (1924-1950)

This article concerns the work currently under way on the archives of the Entente Internationale Anticommuniste, held by the public and university library in Geneva. The EIA was founded in 1924 by Théodore Aubert, a Genevan lawyer, and by Georges Lodygensky, delegate of the old Russian Imperial Red Cross to various international organisations. During the 1920s and 1930s, the EIA developed an important international network of correspondants and informants. These were asked to collect as much information as possible about the activities of the Communist International, and about Bolshevism in general, and report it to the permanent Bureau in Geneva. Conversely, they were also asked to contribute to anticommunist activities in their different countries through the use of documentation provided by the Bureau.Notre article fait le point sur le dépouillement en cours des archives, déposées à la Bibliothèque publique et universitaire de Genève, de l’Entente internationale anticommuniste. Cet organisme, fondé en 1924 par l’avocat genevois Théodore Aubert et Georges Lodygensky, délégué de l’ancienne Croix-Rouge impériale russe auprès des organisations internationales, a développé, au cours des années 1920 et 1930, un important réseau international de correspondants et d’informateurs, chargés de transmettre au Bureau permanent de l’organisation toute information sur l’Internationale communiste et le bolchevisme en général, ainsi que d’alimenter la lutte anticommuniste dans leurs pays respectifs grâce à la documentation fournie par ledit Bureau.Caillat Michel, Cerutti Mauro, Fayet Jean-François, Gajardo Jorge. Une source inédite de l’histoire de l’anticommunisme : les archives de l’Entente internationale anticommuniste (EIA) de Théodore Aubert (1924-1950). In: Matériaux pour l'histoire de notre temps, n°73, 2004. pp. 25-31

The “RESEAU MATER”: An efficient infection control for endometritis, but not for urinary tract infection after vaginal delivery

Summary: “RESEAU MATER” is useful to monitor nosocomial infections in maternity and contributes to the decreasing trend of it, since its implementation. Specifically, this network demonstrates its efficiency in the control of endometritis following vaginal deliveries, but not in the control of urinary tract infections. The aim of this study is to determine whether the difference between the control of endometritis and of urinary tract infection could be explained by an unsuitable regression model or by an unsuitable care policy concerning urinary cares.This study includes (1) the analysis of historic data of the network and (2) the description of French guidelines for maternity cares and available evaluations, concerning endometritis and urinary tract infection prevention. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the total study period of 1999–2013, for these infections and their risk factors.The endometritis frequency is decreasing, in association with no significant evolution of associated risk factors, but urinary tract infection frequency is constant, in association with a increasing trend of its risk factors such as intermittent catheterization and epidural analgesia.In French guidelines, all preventive measures against endometritis are clearly broadcasted by all field operators, and repeated audits have reinforced the control of their application. But preventive measures against urinary tract infection seem to be broadcasted exclusively in the circle of infection prevention agencies and not in the obstetrics societies or in the Health Ministry communication.Urinary tract infection prevention requires a clearer public and professional policy in favor of a more efficient urinary cares, with a specific target to maternity. Keywords: Urinary infection, Endometritis, Infection control, Vaginal deliver