A não homologação do plano de pagamentos na insolvência singular : um caso

Sumário:§ 1 Colocação da questão § 2 Do Incidente do Plano de Pagamentos; 2.1 Pressupostos; 2.2 Apresentação do Plano de Pagamentos; 2.3 Conteúdo do Plano de Pagamentos; 2.4 Efeitos da Apresentação; 2.5 Tramitação do Plano de Pagamentos; 2.6 Da aprovação; § 3 Da (necessária e correta) aprovação do Plano de Pagamentos; § 4 Por uma correta interpretação do artigo 256.º, n.º 5 do C.I.R.E; 4.1 Natureza do Preceito; 4.2 Da interpretação do Preceito; 4.3 Do Suprimento § 5 Conclusõe

Implicações da lei 45/2018 no direito laboral Português

Com esta dissertação propomo-nos a analisar o impacto da lei 45/2018 no ordenamento laboral português. Para tal vamos incidir o nosso estudo no conceito de contrato de trabalho e contrato de prestação de serviços, na presunção de laboralidade contida no artigo 12º do Código de Trabalho e ainda na forma como a tecnologia está a mudar o mundo do trabalho e consequentemente o Direito do Trabalho. Serão analisadas decisões de variados ordenamentos jurídicos e como estes abordam a problemática que iremos examinar. De seguida, abordaremos a lei 45/2018 conhecida como a lei da uberazição e analisaremos o diploma e as suas consequências na vida das plataformas, dos seus prestadores e como o direito os está a regular. Pesquisaremos, ainda, a proposta da diretiva da Comissão Europeia 9 de Dezembro de 2021 de modo a obtermos a perspectiva europeia e quais as suas diretrizes para lidar com a problemática em questão. Por último, exploraremos várias versões da proposta de Lei 15/XV/1, fazendo parte da agenda de ‘’trabalho digno’’, que também visa regular as relações laborais entre os prestadores, os operadores intermédios e as plataformas digitais, dada a insuficiência de proteção dos trabalhadores e a desresponsabilização das plataformas, cujos resultados são originários da lei 45/2018. Finalizando, são estudados os efeitos da lei em análise no mundo prático e no direito laboral, sendo até sugeridas algumas soluções com base na análise de outros ordenamentos estrangeiros já abordados.With this dissertation we propose to analyse the impact of the Law 45/2018 on the Portuguese legal system. To achieve this, we are going to study the concept of employment contract and service provider contract, the assumption of employment that lays in article 12º of Código do Trabalho, and even in what way technology is changing the professional world and consequently the labour laws. We will analyse the decisions of the different countries courts and see how they regulate the subject we are studying in this dissertation. Then we will study the law 45/2018 known as the ‘’uber law’’, and see the consequences of it in the life of the workers and platforms. After that we will examine the directive proposal of the European Commission of 9 of December 2021 to see in what way the European law wishes to regulate labour law in general and the subject of this dissertation. We will explore the several versions of the law proposal 15/XV/1, which is part of the ‘’work dignity’’ agenda of the Portuguese government, that also aims to regulate the relations between digital platforms, workers and intermediary operatives, due to the inefficiency of the law in analysis and the lack of ownership of the responsibilities over the workers of digital platforms that are a direct result of the law 45/2018. Lastly, we will study the effects of the law in analysis on the professional world and labour law in general. And we will suggest some solutions that are based in how other legal systems, previously studied, deal with the same subject

Dog in sheep’s clothing: livestock depredation by free-ranging dogs may pose new challenges to wolf conservation

Livestock depredation is a common cause of human-carnivore conflicts. In Portugal, free-ranging dogs are increasingly abundant and overlap endangered Iberian wolf territories, with reports of livestock depredation. However, the lack of awareness about dogs’ possible role as predators leads to bias against wolves in cases of damages. Our goal was to assess and compare wolf and free-ranging dog’s diet composition at southern wolf range in Portugal, to offer insights on dogs’ predatory role on livestock and its implications for the conservation of an endangered wolf subpopulation. We assessed diet composition from 107 to 95 genetically confirmed wolf and dog scats, respectively, and complemented the analysis with data from 40 attacks on livestock with successful genetic predator assignment. Scat analysis highlighted goats as the most consumed dog prey in all analysed regions, with lagomorphs, small mammals, and wild boars as second most consumed in each region, respectively. Wolves mainly relied on goats and wild boars in the west, whereas in the central region they mostly fed on birds. The dietary overlap between both canids was very high (Pianka’s index O = 0.93), showing potential for competition. Additionally, we found that dogs were the sole predators detected in most attacks (62%). Our findings highlight dogs’ role as predators of livestock, and possibly also wild species, posing a further challenge to wolf conservation. Alongside adequate husbandry practices, we emphasise the need for a stronger enforcement of the legislation on dog ownership and an effective management of the stray population to reduce human-wolf conflict.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Environmental field conditions and sampling effort affect the molecular identification success of livestock predators

For centuries, wolf depredation on livestock has triggered human–wildlife conficts throughout Europe. Free-ranging dogs, however, are increasingly abundant and may also act as predators of livestock herds. This calls for combined eforts aimed at identifying the causes of depredation events and optimizing the procedures towards predators’ identifcation. Here, we analysed 56 livestock depredation events in central Portugal, an area where confict between wolves and human populations takes place. We estimated the mean minimum sampling efort (number of swabs) required to detect at least one potential predator and examined how extrinsic factors (i.e. time, meteorological conditions and vegetation cover) drive sample deg radation and predator identifcation success. Free-ranging dogs were the only putative predator detected in most attacks (66%). Results indicate that a minimum of three swabs are needed to detect at least one predator, but using at least four would substantially increase the detection rate. We found that the longer the interval between an attack and sample collection and the higher the local humidity, the lower is the probability of identifcation success. On the other hand, higher tempera tures and precipitation levels seem to be associated with a higher probability of success. The unexpected positive efect of precipitation may be linked to specifc environmental contexts (i.e. higher precipitation levels in colder weather may still favour sample conservation). As identifcation success depends on time and weather conditions, the time span between a depredation event and sample collection should be reduced whenever possible, and sufcient samples should be collected to ensure an adequate detection successinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

revista do Mestrado em Teorias da arte da Faculdade de Belas Artes da Universidade de Lisboa

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio