Robert Jones bandage pressure range assessment using a pressure mapping system and application to band calibration

International audienceThe Robert Jones bandage (RJ) is a widely used bandage among veterinary surgeons to maintain physiological position of the limbs. It is a 3-layer composite bandage, which realization involves the use of several types of bands in a specific arrangement to give the bandage all its properties. Its proper making is difficult and requires experience, as the bandage needs to be not too tight or not too loose. This issue is a recurrent matter with every type of compression bandage (Rimaud et al. 2014). For the realization of a RJ, various types of bands can be used, depending on the surgeon but each layer has its own function that cannot be changed.The purpose of this study is to measure the pressure under a RJ bandage with a pressure mapping system and to evaluate the properties of some commonly used bands. The final application of these results is to propose a band calibration system to apply the correct pressure as a function of the band’s deformation

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Single or Repeated Intra-Articular Injection of Allogeneic Neonatal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Managing Pain and Lameness in Moderate to Severe Canine Osteoarthritis Without Anti-inflammatory Pharmacological Support: Pilot Clinical Study

Objective: To explore the long-term safety and efficacy of canine allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) administered intra-articularly as single or repeated injections in appendicular joints of dogs affected by moderate to severe refractory osteoarthritis.Study Design: 22 pet dogs were recruited into a non-randomized, open and monocentric study initially administering one cellular injection. A second injection was offered after 6 months to owners if the first injection did not produce expected results.Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory treatment (if prescribed) was discontinued at last one week before the onset of treatment. Each injection consisted of at least 10 million viable neonatal allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from fetal adnexa. Medical data was collected from veterinary clinical evaluations of joints up to 6 months post-injection and owner's assessment of their dog's mobility and well-being followed for a further 2 years when possible.Results: Mild, immediate self-limiting inflammatory joint reactions were observed in 5/22 joints after the first injection, and in almost all dogs having a subsequent injection. No other MSC-related adverse medical events were reported, neither during the 6 months follow up visits, nor during the long-term (2-years) safety follow up. Veterinary clinical evaluation showed a significant and durable clinical improvement (up to 6 months) following MSC administration. Eight dogs (11 joints) were re-injected 6 months apart, sustaining clinical benefits up to 1 year. Owner's global satisfaction reached 75% at 2 years post-treatmentConclusion: Our data suggest that a single or repeated intra-articular administration of neonatal MSC in dogs with moderate to severe OA is a safe procedure and confer clinical benefits over a 24-month period. When humoral response against MSC is investigated by flow cytometry, a positive mild and transient signal was detected in only one dog from the studied cohort, this dog having had a positive clinical outcome

COAST Development Group's international consensus guidelines for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis

This report describes consensus guidelines and recommendations for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis (OA) according to the “Canine OsteoArthritis Staging Tool excluding radiography” (COASTeR) stage of OA, by the COAST Development Group. The recommendations are based on evidence-based medicine and clinical experience and are proposed with international relevance in mind. The aim is to provide veterinarians with a practical reference to consolidated information and to support the development of patient-specific OA management protocols and informed treatment choices based on the stage of OA

Validation pré-clinique d'un dispositif innovant de correction de la scoliose

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. Current surgical treatment are associated with a lost of spine mobility and growth. To avoid those complications, a new fusionless device, preserving spine growth and mobility, has been develloped. Morphometrics studies allow us to evaluated spinal growth in the pigs. This latter one is maximal between the 6th and 10th weeks. Safe corridor of implantation of pedicle screws was also described. During biomechanicals studies, in vivo measurements of forces observed pigs during soliosis deformities induction in a porcine model was performed. Pullout ressitance of pedicle screw in pigs verterbra was also measured in ordre to optimize pedicle screw fixation in the porcine model. In growing pigs, bicortical screw implantation should be used.Finally, the device was implanted during two months in 6 pigs. Spine growth and mobility were not affected and no disc degeneration was observed during the follow up periodLa scoliose est une déformation en trois dimensions de la colonne vertérbale. Les traitements chirurgicaux actuels sont à l’origine d’une perte de mobilité et de croissance du rachis. Pour palier à ces difficultés, un implant innovant de correction à été développé. Cet implant de type « fusionless » a pour but de préserver la mobilité et la croissance de la colonne vertébrale. Des études morphométriques nous ont permis de connaître la croissance du rachis chez le porc. Cette dernière est maximale entre la 6ème et la 10ème semaine de vie. Les corridors d’insertion des vis pédiculaires ont également pu être décrit. Ensuite, des essais biomécaniques nous ont permis de connaître les contraintes s’exerçant sur le rachis du porc au cours de l’apparition des déformations scoliotiques et de décrire la résistance à l’arrachement des vis pédicualires. Chez le porcs, leur implantation doit etre bicorticale. Enfin, le dispositif a pu être implanté avec succès et a été suivi pendant 2 mois chez 6 porcs charcutiers. Nous avons pu montrer que le dispositif ne semble altérer ni la croissance ni la mobilité rachidienne. Aucune dégénérescence discale n’a été observé

Preclinical validation of a innovative device for the correction of scoliosis

La scoliose est une déformation en trois dimensions de la colonne vertérbale. Les traitements chirurgicaux actuels sont à l’origine d’une perte de mobilité et de croissance du rachis. Pour palier à ces difficultés, un implant innovant de correction à été développé. Cet implant de type « fusionless » a pour but de préserver la mobilité et la croissance de la colonne vertébrale. Des études morphométriques nous ont permis de connaître la croissance du rachis chez le porc. Cette dernière est maximale entre la 6ème et la 10ème semaine de vie. Les corridors d’insertion des vis pédiculaires ont également pu être décrit. Ensuite, des essais biomécaniques nous ont permis de connaître les contraintes s’exerçant sur le rachis du porc au cours de l’apparition des déformations scoliotiques et de décrire la résistance à l’arrachement des vis pédicualires. Chez le porcs, leur implantation doit etre bicorticale. Enfin, le dispositif a pu être implanté avec succès et a été suivi pendant 2 mois chez 6 porcs charcutiers. Nous avons pu montrer que le dispositif ne semble altérer ni la croissance ni la mobilité rachidienne. Aucune dégénérescence discale n’a été observéeScoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. Current surgical treatment are associated with a lost of spine mobility and growth. To avoid those complications, a new fusionless device, preserving spine growth and mobility, has been develloped. Morphometrics studies allow us to evaluated spinal growth in the pigs. This latter one is maximal between the 6th and 10th weeks. Safe corridor of implantation of pedicle screws was also described. During biomechanicals studies, in vivo measurements of forces observed pigs during soliosis deformities induction in a porcine model was performed. Pullout ressitance of pedicle screw in pigs verterbra was also measured in ordre to optimize pedicle screw fixation in the porcine model. In growing pigs, bicortical screw implantation should be used.Finally, the device was implanted during two months in 6 pigs. Spine growth and mobility were not affected and no disc degeneration was observed during the follow up perio

Les Tumeurs colorectales chez le chien (étude clinique à partir de 83 cas)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Repair of Tendon Disruption Using a Novel Synthetic Fiber Implant in Dogs and Cats: The Surgical Procedure and Three Case Reports

Surgical management of tendon rupture is challenging. One concern is to provide adequate tensile strength to prevent distraction during weight-bearing and gap formation following repair, associated with an increased risk of repair failure. Additional challenges may arise from the nature or the chronicity of the lesion. In the event of avulsion, when the tendon is torn off at the bone insertion, its reinsertion on the bone is generally difficult and may even be impossible in the presence of an avulsion fracture, especially when the bone fragment is too small or fragmented. Repair management is also complicated in chronic cases, as degeneration of the tendon may lead to excessive scar tissue formation, tendon retraction, and muscle atrophy, resulting in a large gap and inadequate tissue for reconstruction. The authors describe the surgical procedure for implanting a novel implant, illustrated by three characteristic clinical cases: (1) an acute Achilles tendon avulsion; (2) a chronic patellar tendon rupture; and (3) a chronic avulsion fracture of the triceps tendon. In these three cases, complete recovery of the function was observed at the last clinical evaluation (6 or 8 months), and no complication was noted. A splinted dressing (6 to 8 weeks) was used successfully in two cases. A resin cast (8 weeks) was preferred in case 1, a very active dog. In conclusion, this novel implant represents a simple procedure for the effective repair of chronic tendon rupture, as well as an effective tendon reinsertion on the bone and adequate support for bone tendon healing in the treatment of tendon avulsion, even in cases of fragmented bone fracture. The thinness of the implant facilitates its insertion into the native tendon, while the bone-screw-implant interface provides immediate and lasting mechanical support. This may facilitate the healing process and potentially shorten the period of immobilization

Safe corridor for the implantation of thoracolumbar pedicle screws in growing pigs: A morphometric study.

The pig spine is widely used as a large animal model for preclinical research in human medicine to test new spinal implants and surgical procedures. Among them, pedicle screw is one of the most common method of fixation of those implants. However, the pedicle of the porcine vertebra is not as well defined and not as large as the pedicle of the human vertebra. Therefore, the position of the screw should be adapted to the pig and not merely transposed based on the literature on humans. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of the optimum implantation corridors for pedicle screws in the thoracolumbar spine of piglets of different ages using computed tomography (CT) and to determine the size and length of these corridors in pigs of different ages. CT scans from five groups of age: 6, 10, 14, 18, and 26 weeks were reviewed. For each thoracolumbar vertebrae, the pedicle width, pedicle axis length, and the pedicle angle was measured for the left and right pedicle. A total of 326 thoracic vertebrae and 126 lumbar vertebrae were included in the study. Pedicles are statistically larger but not longer for the lumbar vertebrae. An important variation of the pedicle angle is observed along the spine. In all pigs, an abrupt modification of the pedicle angle between T10 and T11 was observed, which corresponds to the level of the anticlinal vertebra which is the vertebra for which the spinous process is nearly perpendicular to the vertebral body. In conclusion, this study provides a quantitative database of pedicle screw implantation corridors in pigs of different ages. When using pedicle screws in experimental studies in pigs, these results should be considered for selecting the most suitable implants for the study but also to ensure a correct and safer screw position. Improving study procedures may limit postoperative complications and pain, thereby limiting the use of live animals

Micromechanical properties of the healthy canine medial meniscus

International audienc

Biomechanical cyclic loading test of a synthetic ligament fixation system used for intra-articular stabilization of deficient canine stifles

Background: Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLr) is the most common cause of hind limb lameness in dogs. Currently, surgical management of CCLr is mostly performed using tibial osteotomy techniques to modify the biomechanical conformation of the affected stifle. These surgical techniques have a significant complication rate, associated with persistent instability of the stifle which may lead to chronic postoperative pain. Over the last decade, studies have been published on various techniques of anatomical caudal cruciate ligament reconstruction in veterinary practice, using physiological autografts or woven synthetic implants. Aim: The aim of this ex vivo biomechanical study is to investigate the ex vivo dynamic biomechanical behavior of a synthetic implant ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) implant fixed with interference screws for the treatment of CCLr in dogs, according to a fatigue protocol (48 hours per test). Methods: Seven stifles from four skeletally mature canine cadavers were implanted with the synthetic implant. It was fixed with four interference screws inserted in transversal and oblique tunnels in both the distal femur and the proximal tibia. For each case, 100,000 cycles were performed at 0.58 Hz, with traction loads ranging from 100 to 210 N. Results: Neither screw-bone assembly rupture nor a pull-out issue was observed during the dynamic tests. Linear stiffness of the implants associated with a fixation system with four interference screws increased over time. The final displacement did not exceed 3 mm for five of the seven specimens. Five of the seven synthetic implants yielded to a lengthening in functional range (0-3 mm). Linear stiffness was homogeneous among samples, showing a strong dynamic strength of the interference screw-based fixations of the UHMWPE implant in the femoral and tibial bones. Conclusion: This study completes the existing literature on the biomechanical evaluation of passive stifle stabilization techniques with a testing protocol focused on cyclic loading at a given force level instead of driven by displacement. These biomechanical results should revive interest in intra-articular reconstruction after rupture of the CCLr in dog