6,643 research outputs found
The evolution of Giant Molecular Filaments
In recent years there has been a growing interest in studying giant molecular
filaments (GMFs), which are extremely elongated (> 100pc in length) giant
molecular clouds (GMCs). They are often seen as inter-arm features in external
spiral galaxies, but have been tentatively associated with spiral arms when
viewed in the Milky Way. In this paper, we study the time evolution of GMFs in
a high-resolution section of a spiral galaxy simulation, and their link with
spiral arm GMCs and star formation, over a period of 11Myrs. The GMFs generally
survive the inter-arm passage, although they are subject to a number of
processes (e.g. star formation, stellar feedback and differential rotation)
which can break the giant filamentary structure into smaller sections. The GMFs
are not gravitationally bound clouds as a whole, but are, to some extent,
confined by external pressure. Once they reach the spiral arms, the GMFs tend
to evolve into more substructured spiral arm GMCs, suggesting that GMFs may be
precursors to arm GMCs. Here, they become incorporated into the more complex
and almost continuum molecular medium that makes up the gaseous spiral arm.
Instead of retaining a clear filamentary shape, their shapes are distorted both
by their climb up the spiral potential and their interaction with the gas
within the spiral arm. The GMFs do tend to become aligned with the spiral arms
just before they enter them (when they reach the minimum of the spiral
potential), which could account for the observations of GMFs in the Milky Way.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS accepte
Rare top quark decays in extended models
Flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC) decays t to H + c, t to Z + c, and H
to t + bar{c} are discussed in the context of Alternative Left-Right symmetric
Models (ALRM) with extra isosinglet heavy fermions where FCNC decays may take
place at tree-level and are only suppressed by the mixing between ordinary top
and charm quarks, which is poorly constraint by current experimental values.
The non-manifest case is also briefly discussed.Comment: Contributed talk given at the 10th Mexican Workhop on Particles and
Fields, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico, 7-12 Nov 200
One-Loop Electroweak Corrections to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment Using the Pinch Technique
The definition of the physical properties of particles in perturbative gauge
theories must satisfy gauge invariance as a requisite. The Pinch Technique
provides a framework to define the electromagnetic form factors and the
electromagnetic static properties of fundamental particles in a consistent and
gauge-invariant form. We apply a simple prescription derived in this formalism
to check the calculation of the gauge-invariant one-loop bosonic electroweak
corrections to the muon anomalous magnetic moment.Comment: 6 pages and 1 eps figur
From vortex molecules to the Abrikosov lattice in thin mesoscopic superconducting disks
Stable vortex states are studied in large superconducting thin disks (for
numerical purposes we considered with radius R = 50 \xi). Configurations
containing more than 700 vortices were obtained using two different approaches:
the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory and the London approximation. To
obtain better agreement with results from the GL theory we generalized the
London theory by including the spatial variation of the order parameter
following Clem's ansatz. We find that configurations calculated in the London
limit are also stable within the Ginzburg-Landau theory for up to ~ 230
vortices. For large values of the vorticity (typically, L > 100), the vortices
are arranged in an Abrikosov lattice in the center of the disk, which is
surrounded by at least two circular shells of vortices. A Voronoi construction
is used to identify the defects present in the ground state vortex
configurations. Such defects cluster near the edge of the disk, but for large L
also grain boundaries are found which extend up to the center of the disk.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, RevTex4, submitted to Phys. Rev.
On the charge radius of the neutrino
Using the pinch technique we construct at one-loop order a neutrino charge
radius, which is finite, depends neither on the gauge-fixing parameter nor on
the gauge-fixing scheme employed, and is process-independent. This definition
stems solely from an effective proper photon-neutrino one-loop vertex, with no
reference to box or self-energy contributions. The role of the box in this
construction is critically examined. In particular it is shown that the
exclusion of the effective WW box from the definition of the neutrino charge
radius is not a matter of convention but is in fact dynamically realized when
the target-fermions are right-handedly polarized. In this way we obtain a
unique decomposition of effective self-energies, vertices, and boxes, which
separately respect electroweak gauge invariance. We elaborate on the tree-level
origin of the mechanism which enforces at one-loop level massive cancellations
among the longitudinal momenta appearing in the Feynman diagrams, and in
particular those associated with the non-abelian character of the theory.
Various issues related to the known connection between the pinch technique and
the Background Field Method are further clarified. Explicit closed expressions
for the neutrino charge radius are reported.Comment: 26 pages, plain Latex, 7 Figures in a separate ps fil
Conductivity of Coulomb interacting massless Dirac particles in graphene: Regularization-dependent parameters and symmetry constraints
We compute the Coulomb correction to the a. c. conductivity of
interacting massless Dirac particles in graphene in the collisionless limit
using the polarization tensor approach in a regularization independent
framework. Arbitrary parameters stemming from differences between
logarithmically divergent integrals are fixed on physical grounds exploiting
only spatial rotational invariance of the model which amounts to
transversality of the polarization tensor. Consequently is
unequivocally determined to be within this effective model. We
compare our result with explicit regularizations and discuss the origin of
others results for found in the literature
Charge and Magnetic Moment of the Neutrino in the Background Field Method and in the Linear R_xi^L Gauge
We present a computation of the charge and the magnetic moment of the
neutrino in the recently developed electro-weak Background Field Method and in
the linear gauge. First, we deduce a formal Ward-Takahashi identity
which implies the immediate cancellation of the neutrino electric charge. This
Ward-Takahashi identity is as simple as that for QED. The computation of the
(proper and improper) one loop vertex diagrams contributing to the neutrino
electric charge is also presented in an arbitrary gauge, checking in this way
the Ward-Takahashi identity previously obtained. Finally, the calculation of
the magnetic moment of the neutrino, in the minimal extension of the Standard
Model with massive Dirac neutrinos, is presented, showing its gauge parameter
and gauge structure independence explicitly.Comment: Latex, 19 pages, 9 PS and 10 EPS figures. One reference added.
Appendix B modified and Appendices C-E eliminated. To be published in Eur.
Phys. J.
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