Understanding the Role of Collective Imaginary in the Dynamics of Expectations: The Space Industry Case Study

The main objective of this study attempts to contribute to a growing body of research in the understanding of innovation and technological development. When addressing radical changes in technology and innovation, ideas derived from expectations and promises have become key issues in transforming a vision into reality. Thus, our paper aims to investigate the dynamics of expectations and its relationship to the collective imaginary when applied to the space industry. The space industry is one of the most exemplary cases to study the dynamics of social expectations (i.e. space observation, space exploration, the conquest of space, and etc.) and it has clearly been considered as a strong stimulus for design efforts. In order to illustrate the processes involved with fulfilling the design of new visions and innovative promises, we use the most recent models of design reasoning (C-K theory) to support our hypothesis

Innovation et compétition entre plateformes technologiques : vers une stratégie basée sur la pervasivité des technologies

International audienceL’objectif de cette communication est de mettre en évidence un nouveau cadre théorique pour penser la stratégie de compétition entre plateformes technologiques, indépendamment des logiques de marchés. Nous démontrons que la compétition ne se joue pas seulement sur le marché ; et qu’un des défis majeur de l’innovation technologique est d’être capable de subvertir les systèmes techniques des autres acteurs industriels (concurrents, fournisseurs, partenaires, clients, etc.). Nous présentons ensuite un nouveau critère de performance stratégique pour illustrer l’effet systémique d’une technologie sur l’espace des techniques : la pervasivité d’une technologie. Ce concept permet d’exprimer la faculté d’une invention technique à transformer et à réorganiser d’autres systèmes techniques ainsi que sa capacité à se diffuser à travers un large ensemble de technologies. Aussi, mener une stratégie de pervasivité technologique suppose de contrôler le degré de transformation des différents systèmes techniques, tout en augmentant le nombre de relations entre différents systèmes. Afin de tester nos hypothèses et en raison du caractère exploratoire de cette recherche, nous avons opté pour une étude de cas unique basée sur une approche qualitative. Nous illustrons notre modèle à travers l’étude de l’activité de conception et de développement de la technologie FD-SOI (Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator) chez STMicroelectronics, leader européen dans l’industrie du semi-conducteur

Blocks with transitive fusion systems

Suppose that all nontrivial subsections of a $p$-block $B$ are conjugate (where $p$ is a prime). By using the classification of the finite simple groups, we prove that the defect groups of $B$ are either extraspecial of order $p^3$ with $p \in \{3,5\}$ or elementary abelian

Breast cancer early detection : a phased approach to implementation

Q1Q1When breast cancer is detected and treated early, the chances of survival are very high. However, women in many settings face complex barriers to early detection, including social, economic, geographic, and other interrelated factors, which can limit their access to timely, affordable, and effective breast health care services. Previously, the Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) developed resource-stratified guidelines for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. In this consensus article from the sixth BHGI Global Summit held in October 2018, the authors describe phases of early detection program development, beginning with management strategies required for the diagnosis of clinically detectable disease based on awareness education and technical training, history and physical examination, and accurate tissue diagnosis. The core issues address include finance and governance, which pertain to successful planning, implementation, and the iterative process of program improvement and are needed for a breast cancer early detection program to succeed in any resource setting. Examples are presented of implementation, process, and clinical outcome metrics that assist in program implementation monitoring. Country case examples are presented to highlight the challenges and opportunities of implementing successful breast cancer early detection programs, and the complex interplay of barriers and facilitators to achieving early detection for breast cancer in real-world settings are considered.https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xFiKCkMAAAAJ&hl=eshttp://scienti.colciencias.gov.co:8081/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000264474Revista Nacional - Indexad

Maternally Orphaned Children and Intergenerational Concerns Associated With Breast Cancer Deaths Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa.

IMPORTANCE: Low breast cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa's young population increases the likelihood that breast cancer deaths result in maternal orphans, ie, children (<18 years) losing their mother. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the number of maternal orphans and their ages for every 100 breast cancer deaths in sub-Saharan African settings during 2014-2019 and to describe family concerns about the orphaned children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Deaths occurring between September 1, 2014, and July 1, 2019, in the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) were examined in a cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer during 2014-2017 at major cancer treatment hospitals in Namibia, Nigeria, Uganda, and Zambia. The cohort was actively followed up for vital status via a trimonthly mobile phone call to each woman or her next of kin (typically a partner, husband, or child). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The number (Poisson counts) and ages of new orphans at the time of maternal death. RESULTS: This cohort study found that a total of 795 deaths resulted in 964 new maternal orphans, with deaths occurring in women younger than 50 years accounting for 85% of the orphans. For every 100 deaths in women younger than 50 years, there were 210 new orphans (95% CI, 196-225) overall, with country-specific estimates of 189 in Nigerian, 180 in Namibian, 222 in Ugandan, and 247 in Zambian Black women. For every 100 deaths of the women at any age, there were 121 maternal orphans, 17% of whom were younger than 5 years, 32% aged 5 to 9 years, and 51% aged 10 to 17 years at the time of maternal death. In follow-up interviews, families' concerns for children's education and childcare were reported to be exacerbated by the financial expenses associated with cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study provides evidence that the number of maternal orphans due to breast cancer exceeds the number of breast cancer deaths among women in sub-Saharan Africa. The intergenerational consequences associated with cancer deaths in sub-Saharan Africa appear to be large and support the need for continued action to improve survival

La loi croissance et activité introduit un principe d’innovation

La loi croissance et activité introduit un principe d’innovatio

Le management des experts dans les stratégies d’innovation

https://www.forbes.fr/luxe/lindustrie-de-la-mode-en-france-faut-il-se-contenter-que-de-la-haute-couture/Les experts scientifiques et techniques ont un rôle important dans les stratégies d’innovation des entreprises industrielles. Cependant, ce rôle peut s’avérer différent selon le type de management

Les quatre régimes de création d'expertise dans les entreprises industrielles

Dans les organisations industrielles, les enjeux d’expertise et d’innovation semblent parfois en opposition ou du moins en tension. En effet, d’un côté l’expertise renvoie à un modèle au sein duquel la connaissance, les savoirs et les savoir-faire sont stabilisés, ordonnés et validés. D’un autre côté, l’innovation est associée au changement, à la nouveauté et à l’exploration de l’inconnu. Elle se caractérise par une dynamique qui tend à remettre en question les valeurs et les conventions admises et partagées, ainsi qu’à s’opposer aux postulats établis provoquant ainsi des perturbations fortes de l’expertise existante

Faut-il continuer à brainstormer ?

Harvard Business Review France https://www.hbrfrance.fr/chroniques-experts/2021/06/35953-faut-il-continuer-a-brainstormer/Le brainstorming s'est imposé dans toutes les organisations comme la méthode par excellence pour générer de nouvelles idées créatives et innovantes. Pourtant, il serait bien moins efficace qu'il n'y paraît