Five features for modelling augmented reality

Augmented reality is growing rapidly and supports people in differ-ent fields such as education, design, navigation and medicine. However, there is limited discussion about the characteristic features of augmented reality and what is meant by the term. This paper presents five different features: changea-bility, synchronicity and instant, antecedent, partial one to one and hidden reali-ty. The explanation of each of these features is given follow a consistent struc-ture. The benefits of generating features and future work are described

Ferromagnetic phases in spin-Fermion systems

Spin-Fermion systems which obtain their magnetic properties from a system of localized magnetic moments being coupled to conducting electrons are considered. The dynamical degrees of freedom are spin-$s$ operators of localized spins and spin-1/2 Fermi operators of itinerant electrons. Renormalized spin-wave theory, which accounts for the magnon-magnon interaction, and its extension are developed to describe the two ferrimagnetic phases in the system: low temperature phase $0<T<T^{*}$, where all electrons contribute the ordered ferromagnetic moment, and high temperature phase $T^{*}<T<T_C$, where only localized spins form magnetic moment. The magnetization as a function of temperature is calculated. The theoretical predictions are utilize to interpret the experimentally measured magnetization-temperature curves of $UGe_2$..Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Use of recombinant activated factor VII for acute bleeding episodes in acquired hemophilia: final analysis from the Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society Registry acquired hemophilia study

The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society Registry was used to monitor the postapproval use and safety of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa). The objective of this article is to evaluate the data from the Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society Registry related to rFVIIa-treated bleeding episodes in patients with acquired hemophilia. For each rFVIIa-treated bleeding episode, the initial dose, total dose, average infused dose, number of doses, and treatment duration were calculated. Efficacy was assessed on a three-point scale. Out of the 166 registered patients with acquired hemophilia, 110 patients were treated for 237 bleeding episodes (139 rFVIIa treated); the majority (70%) were in patients older than 60 years. The most frequently reported bleeding locations were subcutaneous (40%) and mucosal (32%). Subcutaneous bleeding episodes were more commonly reported in women (55% vs. 40% men) and white patients (44 vs. 27% black). Of the 139 rFVIIa-treated bleeding episodes, rFVIIa was used as first-line treatment in 127 bleeding episodes. The median initial dose was 90 μg/kg; the median total dose per episode was 333.5 μg/kg. Physician-rated efficacy of rFVIIa for each bleeding episode was reported as ‘bleeding stopped’ in 85% of bleeding episodes, ‘bleeding slowed’ in 11% of bleeding episodes, ‘no improvement’ in 4% of bleeding episodes, and was not documented in 1 bleeding episode. One thromboembolic event was reported; transient neurologic symptoms were reported in a 31-year-old postpartum patient after 110 doses of rFVIIa. Adequate hemostasis was provided for most rFVIIa-treated bleeding episodes at doses largely conforming to the package insert. No major safety concerns were reported

A Study of a Wireless Smart Sensor Platform for Practical Training

[[abstract]]In order to overcome the obstacles in traditional experimenting and practical training courses, as well as in enhancing the functions of the present e-learning system, the study took sensor network technology as the foundation in developing a web services system. The system will be able to make presentations of the students ‘operations and results on an immediate basis, allowing the students to be guided adequately as they face problems during experiment and practical training.[[booktype]]紙

Review article: MHD wave propagation near coronal null points of magnetic fields

We present a comprehensive review of MHD wave behaviour in the neighbourhood of coronal null points: locations where the magnetic field, and hence the local Alfven speed, is zero. The behaviour of all three MHD wave modes, i.e. the Alfven wave and the fast and slow magnetoacoustic waves, has been investigated in the neighbourhood of 2D, 2.5D and (to a certain extent) 3D magnetic null points, for a variety of assumptions, configurations and geometries. In general, it is found that the fast magnetoacoustic wave behaviour is dictated by the Alfven-speed profile. In a $\beta=0$ plasma, the fast wave is focused towards the null point by a refraction effect and all the wave energy, and thus current density, accumulates close to the null point. Thus, null points will be locations for preferential heating by fast waves. Independently, the Alfven wave is found to propagate along magnetic fieldlines and is confined to the fieldlines it is generated on. As the wave approaches the null point, it spreads out due to the diverging fieldlines. Eventually, the Alfven wave accumulates along the separatrices (in 2D) or along the spine or fan-plane (in 3D). Hence, Alfven wave energy will be preferentially dissipated at these locations. It is clear that the magnetic field plays a fundamental role in the propagation and properties of MHD waves in the neighbourhood of coronal null points. This topic is a fundamental plasma process and results so far have also lead to critical insights into reconnection, mode-coupling, quasi-periodic pulsations and phase-mixing.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures, invited review in Space Science Reviews => Note this is a 2011 paper, not a 2010 pape

Efeito do uso do traje de neoprene sobre variáveis técnicas, fisiológicas e perceptivas de nadadores

Ao contrário do que ocorre em provas de piscina, competições em águas abertas estão sujeitas as condições ambientais, sendo uma delas as baixas temperaturas. Em determinadas circunstâncias é permitido o uso de roupas especiais para evitar hipotermia. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar os efeitos do uso da roupa de neoprene em um grupo composto por triatletas e nadadores, comparado ao uso de vestimentas convencionais (sunga) sobre variáveis cinemáticas e psicofisiológicas do nado. Participaram 20 homens (12 triatletas e oito nadadores) de idade 22,0 ± 6,6 anos com desempenhos que correspondem a 75 ± 7,7% do melhor tempo brasileiro na prova de 400 m. Os atletas realizaram duas repetições máximas e duas submáximas de 400 m em nado "crawl", com e sem o uso da roupa de neoprene. Foram comparadas a velocidade média (VM), comprimento de braçada (CB), frequência de braçada (FB), índice de nado (IN), percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE), frequência cardíaca (FC), e concentração de lactato sanguíneo (LAC). Um conjunto de ANOVAs com medidas repetidas do tipo "two-way" foi aplicado. Quando diferenças foram encontradas o teste de Tukey foi empregado. Com o traje de neoprene, em máxima intensidade, o tempo para nadar a distância foi 6,4% menor, com manutenção da FB e aumento da CB, as variáveis psicofisiológicas não diferiram estatisticamente. Em esforço submáximo, o uso do traje de neoprene resultou em menor FB, maior CB, maior IN e em menores valores de FC, LAC e PSE (p In open water swimming competitions, athletes are prone to environmental conditions and are frequently exposed to low temperatures, in contrast to what occurs in indoor competitions. In some circumstances the use of special swimming suits is allowed to avoid hypothermia. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of the use of a neoprene swimming suit in comparison to a conventional swimming suit on a number of cinematic and psychophysiological variables. Twenty athletes experienced in swimming competitions (12 triathletes and 8 swimmers; 22.0± 6.6 yearsold), whose the performance was 75 ± 7.7% of the National record. Athletes performed two maximal and two submaximal 400m crawl simulated competition with a whole body neoprene swimming suit and with a conventional swimming suit. Mean speed (VM) stroke length (CB), stroke frequency (FB), swimming index (IN), rate of perceived effort (PSE), heart rate, and blood lactate concentration (LAC) were compared between conditions. The time to perform maximal trials with the use of the neoprene swimming suit was 6.4% shorter than when wearing the traditional swimming suit. FB and the psychophysiological variables remained unchanged, while CB increased in response to the use of the neoprene swimming suit. The use of the neoprene swimming suit in submaximal trials provided smaller FB, FC, LAC and PSE and larger CB and IN in comparison to the use of the traditional swimming suit. The results indicated that the neoprene swimming suit increases performance in biomechanical, physiological and perceptive aspects. The VM increase in maximal efforts does not depend exclusively on changes in FB and CB. Possibly, increments of the parameters related to the swimming may have improved the mechanical efficiency of the movement, which may have provided a movement economy that resulted in a better performance

Amplitude measurements of Faraday waves

A light reflection technique is used to measure quantitatively the surface elevation of Faraday waves. The performed measurements cover a wide parameter range of driving frequencies and sample viscosities. In the capillary wave regime the bifurcation diagrams exhibit a frequency independent scaling proportional to the wavelength. We also provide numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations, which are in quantitative agreement up to supercritical drive amplitudes of 20%. The validity of an existing perturbation analysis is found to be limited to 2.5% overcriticaly.Comment: 7 figure

Locating current sheets in the solar corona

Current sheets are essential for energy dissipation in the solar corona, in particular by enabling magnetic reconnection. Unfortunately, sufficiently thin current sheets cannot be resolved observationally and the theory of their formation is an unresolved issue as well. We consider two predictors of coronal current concentrations, both based on geometrical or even topological properties of a force free coronal magnetic field. First, there are separatrices related to magnetic nulls. Through separatrices the magnetic connectivity changes discontinuously. Coronal magnetic nulls are, however, very rare. At second, inspired by the concept of generalized magnetic reconnection without nulls, quasi-separatrix layers (QSL) were suggested. Through QSL the magnetic connectivity changes continuously, though strongly. The strength of the connectivity change can be quantified by measuring the squashing of the flux tubes which connect the magnetically conjugated photospheres. We verify the QSL and separatrix concepts by comparing the sites of magnetic nulls and enhanced squashing with the location of current concentrations in the corona. Due to the known difficulties of their direct observation we simulated the coronal current sheets by numerically calculating the response of the corona to energy input from the photosphere heating a simultaneously observed EUV Bright Point. We did not find coronal current sheets not at the separatrices but at several QSL locations. The reason is that although the geometrical properties of force free extrapolated magnetic fields can indeed, hint at possible current concentrations, a necessary condition for current sheet formation is the local energy input into the corona

Assessment of acquired hemophilia patient demographics in the United States: the Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society Registry

The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society (HTRS) Registry was used to monitor the postapproval use of recombinant factor VIIa. The objective of this manuscript is to provide key insights on the demographics of patients with acquired hemophilia in the HTRS Registry. Acquired hemophilia patient registration in HTRS captured age; sex; comorbidities and predisposing conditions; first bleeding location; laboratory parameters; exposure to blood products, factor, and bypassing agents; and initiation of immune suppression/tolerance therapy. Overall, 166 patients with acquired hemophilia were registered in HTRS (83 women, 73 men, median age 70 years); the majority were non-Hispanic whites (61.4%). The most common comorbidities were autoimmune disease (28.4%) and malignancy (14.5%). The most common first site of bleeding was subcutaneous (27.1%); this was more common in whites (29.1%) than blacks (12.5%) and in non-Hispanics (26.4%) than Hispanics (11.8%). Blood product exposure was reported for 33.1% of patients; the most commonly reported product was packed red blood cells (28%). Of the 57 patients with outcome data available for immune tolerance therapy, 26 patients (46%) reported successful treatment, 13 reported unsuccessful treatment (23%), and 18 (32%) were receiving active treatment at the time of registration. The HTRS Registry final analysis provides the only current comprehensive look at acquired hemophilia in the US population, including details on underlying autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Pertinent to recognition and diagnosis of the disease, subcutaneous bleeding as a presenting bleeding symptom was more common in white and non-Hispanic individuals

Dairy-CropSyst: Gaseous emissions and nutrient fate modeling tool

Dairy confined animal feeding operations (CAFO) are required to implement nutrient management plans for minimizing the risk of water resource degradation and report gaseous emissions when exceeding certain threshold values. Although tools exist to aid in completing such tasks, few integrate the impact of on-farm manure treatment unit operations such as anaerobic digestion, solids separation, and nutrient recovery. Furthermore, existing tools do not estimate the nutrient value of recovered products and effluent leaving the dairy system or the nutrient fate after effluent is applied to crop fields. Dairy-CropSyst is a decision support tool for researchers and CAFO managers aimed at evaluating the effects of different manure treatment unit operations on gaseous emission and nutrient fate in dairy systems. The model tracks nutrients through the dairy system, including inorganic and organic forms of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This is accomplished by integrating established transformation and emission equations, performance parameters of manure treatments from industrial data and literature, and using a cropping system model for the land application evaluation. Predicted and observed emission values for greenhouse gases (GHG) and ammonia from different dairy unit operations were found in good agreement. The use of Dairy-CropSyst has the potential to assist the dairy industry in decision making on manure management treatment strategies and as a tool for reporting GHG and ammonia emissions