Spectral isolation of naturally reductive metrics on simple Lie groups

We show that within the class of left-invariant naturally reductive metrics $\mathcal{M}_{\operatorname{Nat}}(G)$ on a compact simple Lie group $G$, every metric is spectrally isolated. We also observe that any collection of isospectral compact symmetric spaces is finite; this follows from a somewhat stronger statement involving only a finite part of the spectrum.Comment: 19 pages, new title and abstract, revised introduction, new result demonstrating that any collection of isospectral compact symmetric spaces must be finite, to appear Math Z. (published online Dec. 2009

Uréia em dietas para bovinos: consumo, digestibilidade dos nutrientes, ganho de peso, características de carcaça e produção microbiana Urea in diets of steers: intake, digestibility, performance, carcass traits and microbial yield

Objetivou-se determinar o efeito da substituição total da proteína do farelo de soja pelo nitrogênio não-protéico da uréia, em dois níveis de oferta de concentrado, sobre o ganho de peso, as características de carcaça, os consumos e as digestibilidades totais dos nutrientes (MS, MO, PB, EE, FDN e CNF) e o consumo de NDT. Avaliou-se também o efeito da substituição sobre a eficiência de síntese microbiana em 16 novilhos (286 kg de PV inicial) em confinamento durante 63 dias. Os animais foram distribuídos em um esquema fatorial 2 x 2, com duas fontes protéicas (farelo de soja e uréia) e dois níveis de concentrado (0,75 e 1,25% do PV), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As rações, isoprotéicas (12% PB), foram compostas de silagens de capim-elefante e de sorgo como volumoso, na proporção de 80:20, respectivamente. A eficiência de síntese microbiana não foi afetada pelos tratamentos. Os consumos de MS, MO, EE, FDN, CNF e NDT, assim como as digestibilidades aparentes totais de MS, MO, EE e NDT, aumentaram com os níveis de oferta de concentrado. A fonte protéica não afetou os consumos e as digestibilidades dos nutrientes estudados, exceto o EE. Aumentos na oferta de concentrado resultam em maior consumo de energia e mais alto ganho de peso. A substituição do farelo de soja pela uréia não altera o ganho de peso de bovinos com potencial genético para ganho de 1,1-1,2 kg/dia.<br>The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with urea on performance, carcass traits, and intake and digestibility of nutrients in steers. Microbial protein synthesis and efficiency were also measured in this trial. Sixteen steers averaging 286 kg of BW were assigned to a completely randomized design with a 2x2 factorial approach: two protein sources (soybean meal and urea) and two levels of concentrate (0.75 and 1.25% of BW); four replicates per treatment were used and the experiment lasted 63 days. Diets were isonitrogenous (12% of CP) with the forage portion composed by elephant grass silage and sorghum silage in the ratio of 80:20. Efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was not affected by treatments. Intakes of DM, OM, EE, NDF, NFC and TDN and apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, EE and TDN all increased linearly when the proportion of concentrate was increased in the diet. Except for EE, the protein sources did not affect the intake and digestibility of all remaining nutrients. Feeding high concentrate diets to steers increased energy intake and improved performance. Replacing soybean meal with urea did not change the average daily gain of steers with expected BW gain varying from 1.1 to 1.2 kg/day

Genetic markers on chromosome 7.

Chromosome 7 is frequently associated with chromosome aberrations, rearrangements, and deletions. It also contains many important genes, gene families, and disease loci. This brief review attempts to summarise these and other interesting aspects of chromosome 7. With the rapid accumulation of cloned genes and polymorphic DNA fragments, this chromosome has become an excellent substrate for molecular genetic studies