2,214 research outputs found
Determination of oscillator strength of confined excitons in a semiconductor microcavity
We have achieved a significant experimental Rabi-splitting (3.4 meV) for
confined polaritons in a planar semiconductor microcavity for only a
single quantum well (SQW) of GaAs (10 nm) placed at the antinode. The
Rabi-splitting phenomena are discussed in detail based on the semiclassical
theory, where two coupled harmonic oscillators (excitons and photons) are used
to describe the system. In this way, we can obtain the dispersion curve of
polaritons, the minimum value for the cavity reflectance and the oscillator
strength to reach the strong coupling regime. This approach describes an
ensemble of excitons confined in a SQW and includes a dissipation component.
The results present a weak coupling regime, where an enhanced spontaneous
emission takes place, and a strong coupling regime, where Rabi-splitting in the
dispersion curve can be observed. The theoretical results are confronted with
experimental data for the reflectance behavior in resonant and off-resonant
conditions and present a great accuracy. This allows us to determine the
oscillator strength of the confined excitons in the SQW with great precision.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
Loop and Path Spaces and Four-Dimensional BF Theories: Connections, Holonomies and Observables
We study the differential geometry of principal G-bundles whose base space is
the space of free paths (loops) on a manifold M. In particular we consider
connections defined in terms of pairs (A,B), where A is a connection for a
fixed principal bundle P(M,G) and B is a 2-form on M. The relevant curvatures,
parallel transports and holonomies are computed and their expressions in local
coordinates are exhibited. When the 2-form B is given by the curvature of A,
then the so-called non-abelian Stokes formula follows.
For a generic 2-form B, we distinguish the cases when the parallel transport
depends on the whole path of paths and when it depends only on the spanned
surface. In particular we discuss generalizations of the non-abelian Stokes
formula. We study also the invariance properties of the (trace of the) holonomy
under suitable transformation groups acting on the pairs (A,B).
In this way we are able to define observables for both topological and
non-topological quantum field theories of the BF type. In the non topological
case, the surface terms may be relevant for the understanding of the
quark-confinement problem. In the topological case the (perturbative)
four-dimensional quantum BF-theory is expected to yield invariants of imbedded
(or immersed) surfaces in a 4-manifold M.Comment: TeX, 39 page
Particle Physics Implications and Constraints on Dark Matter Interpretations of the CDMS Signal
Recently the CDMS collaboration has reported an excess of events in the
signal region of a search for dark matter scattering with Silicon nuclei. Three
events on an expected background of 0.4 have a significance of about 2 sigma,
and it is premature to conclude that this is a signal of dark matter.
Nonetheless, it is important to examine the space of particle theories capable
of explaining this excess, to see what theories are capable of explaining it,
and how one might exclude it or find corroborating evidence in other channels.
We examine a simplified model containing a scalar mediator particle, and find
regions consistent with the CDMS observations. Bounds from colliders put
important restrictions on the theory, but viable points, including points
leading to the observed thermal relic density, survive.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
Aspects of emergent geometry in the AdS/CFT context
We study aspects of emergent geometry for the case of orbifold superconformal
field theories in four dimensions, where the orbifolds are abelian within the
AdS/CFT proposal. In particular, we show that the realization of emergent
geometry starting from the N=4 SYM theory in terms of a gas of particles in the
moduli space of vacua of a single D3 brane in flat space gets generalized to a
gas of particles on the moduli space of the corresponding orbifold conformal
field theory (a gas of D3 branes on the orbifold space). Our main purpose is to
show that this can be analyzed using the same techniques as in the N=4 SYM case
by using the method of images, including the measure effects associated to the
volume of the gauge orbit of the configurations. This measure effect gives an
effective repulsion between the particles that makes them condense into a
non-trivial vacuum configuration, and it is exactly these configurations that
lead to the geometry of X in the AdS x X dual field theoryComment: 24 page
Higgs Properties in the Fourth Generation MSSM: Boosted Signals Over the 3G Plan
The generalization of the MSSM to the case of four chiral fermion generations
(4GMSSM) can lead to significant changes in the phenomenology of the otherwise
familiar Higgs sector. In most of the 3GMSSM parameter space, the lighter
CP-even is GeV and mostly Standard Model-like while
are all relatively heavy. Furthermore, the ratio of Higgs vevs,
, is relatively unconstrained. In contrast to this, in the 4GMSSM,
heavy fourth generation fermion loops drive the masses of to large
values while the CP-odd boson, , can remain relatively light and is restricted to the range 1/2 \lsim \tan \beta \lsim 2 due to
perturbativity requirements on Yukawa couplings. We explore this scenario in
some detail, concentrating on the collider signatures of the light CP-odd Higgs
at both the Tevatron and LHC. We find that while may lead to a
potential signal in the channel at the LHC, may first be
observed in the channel due to a highly loop-enhanced cross
section that can be more than an order of magnitude greater than that of a SM
Higgs for masses of and . We find that the
CP-even states are highly mixed and can have atypical branching
fractions. Precision electroweak constraints, particularly for the light
parameter space region, are examined in detail.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures; typos fixed, refs adde
Four-Dimensional Yang-Mills Theory as a Deformation of Topological BF Theory
The classical action for pure Yang--Mills gauge theory can be formulated as a
deformation of the topological theory where, beside the two-form field
, one has to add one extra-field given by a one-form which transforms
as the difference of two connections. The ensuing action functional gives a
theory that is both classically and quantistically equivalent to the original
Yang--Mills theory. In order to prove such an equivalence, it is shown that the
dependency on the field can be gauged away completely. This gives rise
to a field theory that, for this reason, can be considered as semi-topological
or topological in some but not all the fields of the theory. The symmetry group
involved in this theory is an affine extension of the tangent gauge group
acting on the tangent bundle of the space of connections. A mathematical
analysis of this group action and of the relevant BRST complex is discussed in
details.Comment: 74 pages, LaTeX, minor corrections; to be published in Commun. Math.
Phy
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