60,488 research outputs found
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Speaking of Evidence: An Empirical Study of the Reporting of Forensic Conclusions in US Criminal Trials
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Rethinking privacy in social networks: A case study of beacon
Popular online social network sites (SNS) such as Facebook and Bebo are technological platforms that are posing questions about personal privacy. This paper contributes to our understanding of the nature and form of online privacy by critically analysing the issues surrounding the failed launch of Facebookâs advertising tool Beacon. Beacon is an interesting case study because it highlighted the complexity of information ownership in an online social network. Qualitative data was gathered from 29 weblogs (blogs) representing user opinions published between 6th November 2007(when Beacon was launched) and 28th February 2008 (when commentary had dwindled). A thematic analysis of the blogs suggest that concerns such as commercialism, terms of service (TOS), lack of user control, lack of user awareness and data protection are factors that influence user perceptions of information ownership as a subset of online privacy
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A heuristic evaluation of the Facebook's advertising tool beacon
Interface usability is critical to the successful adoption of information systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate interface of Facebook's advertising tool Beacon by using privacy heuristics [4]. Beacon represents an interesting case study because of the negative media and user backlash it received. The findings of heuristic evaluation suggest violation of privacy heuristics [4]. Here, analysis identified concerns about user choice and consent, integrity and security of data, and awareness and notice. Beacon was an innovative tool, therefore, its systematic evaluation was needed in order to identify privacy problems, their causes and subsequent consequences. The study provides useful insights to human computer interaction (HCI) designers of online social networks
On-line analysis of random vibrations
Measuring device, Randomdec, provides continuous on-line signatures representative of system free vibration curve. Selected points on curve are used in control and failure detection systems. Apparatus applied to both linear and nonlinear systems under nonstationary vibratory states
Perception of Patient Cooperation Among Dentist, Guardian, and Child
Purpose: Evaluate behavior assessment and agreement among dentist, guardian, and child. Evaluate child behavior by appointment type.
Methods: Patients recruited from the pediatric dental department at Virginia Commonwealth University for this convenience sample. Inclusion criteria: patients presenting for clinical exams and/or restorative treatment without the use of advanced behavior guidance between August 29, 2018, and March 7, 2019; ages 4-12-years-old; and scheduled with a single clinician. Appointments were stratified by difficulty. Behavior was assessed by dentist and caregiver using the Frankl Scale. Patient self-assessed cooperation using an age-appropriate modified Frankl Scale, developed for this study. Agreement assessed among the 3 scores at each appointment using descriptive statistics and Cohenâs Kappa. Behavior trends across appointment type assessed using Kruskal-Wallis test. SAS software (2013, Cary, NC). P-value \u3c 0.05.
Results: Forty-one patient-guardian dyads enrolled in the study. Five dyads experienced multiple encounters. Demographics for the patients enrolled: 59% male; 44% Caucasian, 29% African American, 5% Asian, 2% Hispanic, 20% other/multiracial. Average patient age: 7.6 (range: 4- 12). Most patients had 1 encounter (n=36, 88%). Frankl Score agreement for provider/guardian was 79% (k=0.335), provider/child was 70% (k=0.248), and guardian/child was 81% (k=0.314). In disagreements, guardians rated behavior better than provider. Disagreement was split for provider/child and guardian/child, with the child tending to rate themselves higher, and the guardian tending to rate the child higher respectively. Marginal evidence that hard appointments resulted in poorer behaviors.
Conclusion: There is fair agreement between child, guardian, and provider. In disagreements, guardians tend to rate the childâs behavior better compared to the provider and child self-assessment. Dental providers tend to be more critical of patient behavior. Marginal evidence to support harder appointments result in poorer behaviors
Financial Development, Bank Ownership, and Growth. Or, Does Quantity Imply Quality?
In 1980, India nationalized its large private banks. This induced different bank ownership patterns across different towns, allowing credible identification of the effects of bank ownership on financial development, lending rates, and the quality of intermediation, as well as employment and investment. Credit markets with nationalized banks experienced faster credit growth during a period of financial repression. Nationalization led to lower interest rates and lower quality intermediation, and may have slowed employment gains in trade and services. Development lending goals were met, but these had no impact on the real economy.
Science, Technology, Society, and Law
Law and regulation increasingly interact with science, technology, and medicine in contemporary society. Law and social science (LSS) analyses can therefore benefit from rigorous, nuanced social scientific accounts of the nature of scientific knowledge and practice. Over the past two decades, LSS scholars have increasingly turned for such accounts to the field known as science and technology studies (STS). This article reviews the LSS literature that draws on STS. Our discussion is divided into two primary sections. We first discuss LSS literature that draws on STS because it deals with issues in which law and science interact. We then discuss literature that draws on STS because it sees law as analogous to science as a knowledge-producing institution amenable to social science analysis. We suggest that through both of these avenues STS can encourage a newly critical view within LSS scholarship.</jats:p
The star formation history of the Sculptor Dwarf Irregular Galaxy
[abridged] We study the resolved stellar populations and derive the SFH of
the SDIG, a gas-rich dwarf galaxy member of the NGC7793 subgroup in the
Sculptor group. We construct a CMD using archival HST observations and examine
its stellar content. We derive its SFH using a maximum-likelihood fit to the
CMD. The CMD shows that SDIG contains stars from 10Myr to several Gyr old, as
revealed from the MS, BL, luminous AGB, and RGB stars. The young stars with
ages less than ~250Myr show a spatial distribution confined to its central
regions, and additionally the young MS stars exhibit an off-center density
peak. The intermediate-age and older stars are more spatially extended. SDIG is
dominated by intermediate-age stars with an average age of 6.4Gyr. The average
metallicity inferred is [M/H]\approx -1.5dex. Its SFH is consistent with a
constant SFR, except for ages younger than ~200Myr. The lifetime average SFR is
1.3x10^{-3} Mo/yr. More recently than 100Myr, there has been a burst of SF at a
rate ~2-3 times higher than the average SFR. The inferred recent SFR from CMD
modelling is higher than inferred from the Ha flux of the galaxy; we interpret
this to mean that the upper end of the IMF is not being fully sampled due to
the low SFR. Additionally, an observed lack of bright blue stars in the CMD
could indicate a downturn in SFR on 10^7-yr timescales. A previous SF
enhancement appears to have occurred between 600-1100Myr ago, with amplitude
similar to the most recent 100Myr. Older bursts of similar peak SFR and
duration would not be resolvable with these data. The observed enhancements in
SF suggest that SDIG is able to sustain a complex SFH without the effect of
interactions with its nearest massive galaxy. Integrating the SFR over the
entire history of SDIG yields a total stellar mass 1.77x10^{7}Mo, and a current
V-band stellar mass-to-light ratio 3.2Mo/Lo.Comment: A&A accepted; 10 pages, 9 figure
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