Controle químico de assa-peixe (Vernonia Polyanthes) em pastagens.

Controle químico de assa-peixe (Vernonia Polyanthes) em pastagens

Controle químico do capim-braquiária (Braquiaria decumbens) em cercas, através de aplicações sequenciais de glifosate.

O presente estudo foi realizado no período de 1991 a dezembro de 1993 e teve como objetivo verificar a eficiência de aplicações seqüências do herbicida glifosate no controle do capim-braquiaria como invasor das cercas

Gene identification for the cblD defect of vitamin B12 metabolism

Background Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential cofactor in several metabolic pathways. Intracellular conversion of cobalamin to its two coenzymes, adenosylcobalamin in mitochondria and methylcobalamin in the cytoplasm, is necessary for the homeostasis of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Nine defects of intracellular cobalamin metabolism have been defined by means of somatic complementation analysis. One of these defects, the cblD defect, can cause isolated methylmalonic aciduria, isolated homocystinuria, or both. Affected persons present with multisystem clinical abnormalities, including developmental, hematologic, neurologic, and metabolic findings. The gene responsible for the cblD defect has not been identified. Methods We studied seven patients with the cblD defect, and skin fibroblasts from each were investigated in cell culture. Microcell-mediated chromosome transfer and refined genetic mapping were used to localize the responsible gene. This gene was transfected into cblD fibroblasts to test for the rescue of adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin synthesis. Results The cblD gene was localized to human chromosome 2q23.2, and a candidate gene, designated MMADHC (methylmalonic aciduria, cblD type, and homocystinuria), was identified in this region. Transfection of wild-type MMADHC rescued the cellular phenotype, and the functional importance of mutant alleles was shown by means of transfection with mutant constructs. The predicted MMADHC protein has sequence homology with a bacterial ATP-binding cassette transporter and contains a putative cobalamin binding motif and a putative mitochondrial targeting sequence. Conclusions Mutations in a gene we designated MMADHC are responsible for the cblD defect in vitamin B12 metabolism. Various mutations are associated with each of the three biochemical phenotypes of the disorder

X-ray method to study temperature-dependent stripe domains in MnAs/GaAs(001)

MnAs films grown on GaAs (001) exhibit a progressive transition between hexagonal (ferromagnetic) and orthorhombic (paramagnetic) phases at wide temperature range instead of abrupt transition during the first-order phase transition. The coexistence of two phases is favored by the anisotropic strain arising from the constraint on the MnAs films imposed by the substrate. This phase coexistence occurs in ordered arrangement alternating periodic terrace steps. We present here a method to study the surface morphology throughout this transition by means of specular and diffuse scattering of soft x-rays, tuning the photon energy at the Mn 2p resonance. The results show the long-range arrangement of the periodic stripe-like structure during the phase coexistence and its period remains constant, in agreement with previous results using other techniques.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letter

Magnetic reconfiguration of MnAs/GaAs(001) observed by Magnetic Force Microscopy and Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering

We investigated the thermal evolution of the magnetic properties of MnAs epitaxial films grown on GaAs(001) during the coexistence of hexagonal/orthorhombic phases using polarized resonant (magnetic) soft X-ray scattering and magnetic force microscopy. The results of the diffuse satellite X-ray peaks were compared to those obtained by magnetic force microscopy and suggest a reorientation of ferromagnetic terraces as temperature rises. By measuring hysteresis loops at these peaks we show that this reorientation is common to all ferromagnetic terraces. The reorientation is explained by a simple model based on the shape anisotropy energy. Demagnetizing factors were calculated for different configurations suggested by the magnetic images. We noted that the magnetic moments flip from an in-plane mono-domain orientation at lower temperatures to a three-domain out-of-plane configuration at higher temperatures. The transition was observed when the ferromagnetic stripe width L is equal to 2.9 times the film thickness d. This is in good agreement with the expected theoretical value of L = 2.6d.Comment: 16 pages in PD

Transporte de NO3 e NH4 em agregados de Latossolo Vermelho com e sem atividade biológica.

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a influência do tamanho dos agregados de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico sobre as transformações e transporte do amônio e do nitrato em condições de presença e ausência de atividade biológica. Utilizou-se o fatorial 23 x 4, com fatores e níveis: vegetação de cobertura do solo (cerrado e milho ); atividade biológica (com e sem esterilização do solo); fontes de N da solução com 10 mmol L-1 de N, para saturação das colunas (Ca(NO3)2 e NH4CI) e classes de agregados (2,0 a 1,0; 1,0 a 0,5; 0,5 a 0,25 e 0,25 a 0,105 mm). Na primeira eluição, o efluente das colunas contendo microbiota ativa e saturação com Ca(NO3)2 apresentou teor de NO3 - menor no efluente dos agregados de 0,25 a 0,105 mm; já em condições de esterilização, ocorreu o inverso: maior concentração do NO3 -no efluente dos agregados de 0,25 a 0,105 mm. Para as colunas saturadas com NH4CI, na primeira eluição os teores do NH4+ foram maiores nos efluentes dos agregados de 0,25 a 0,105 mm para todas as combinações de cobertura de solo e esterilização, enquanto na presença da microbiota ativa o efluente dos agregados de 0,25 a 0,105 mm apresentou teor semelhante ao dos agregados de 0,5 a 0,25 mm

Coulomb and quantum oscillator problems in conical spaces with arbitrary dimensions

The Schr\"odinger equations for the Coulomb and the Harmonic oscillator potentials are solved in the cosmic-string conical space-time. The spherical harmonics with angular deficit are introduced. The algebraic construction of the harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions is performed through the introduction of non-local ladder operators. By exploiting the hidden symmetry of the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator the eigenvalues for the angular momentum operators in three dimensions are reproduced. A generalization for N-dimensions is performed for both Coulomb and harmonic oscillator problems in angular deficit space-times. It is thus established the connection among the states and energies of both problems in these topologically non-trivial space-times.Comment: 15 page