“Still good life”: On the value of reuse and distributive labor in “depleted” rural Maine

This article explores the production of wealth through distributive labor in Maine\u27s secondhand economy. While reuse is often associated with economic disadvantage, our research complicates that perspective. The labor required to reclaim, repair, redistribute, and reuse secondhand goods provides much more than a means of living in places left behind by international capitalism, but the value generated by this work is persistently discounted by dominant economic logics. On the basis of semistructured interviews, participant observation, and statewide surveys with reuse market participants in Maine, we find that the relational value of reuse, produced through caring, flexible, distributive labor, is especially significant. We argue that paying attention to the practices, politics, and value of distribution is critical for understanding wealth in communities perceived to have been left behind by global capitalist systems, particularly as wage labor opportunities and natural resources grow increasingly scarce

Review on catalytic cleavage of C-C inter-unit linkages in lignin model compounds: Towards lignin depolymerisation

Lignin depolymerisation has received considerable attention recently due to the pressing need to find sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel feedstock to produce chemicals and fuels. Two types of interunit linkages (C–C and C–O linkages) link several aromatic units in the structure of lignin. Between these two inter-unit linkages, the bond energies of C–C linkages are higher than that of C–O linkages, making them harder to break. However, for an efficient lignin depolymerisation, both types of inter-unit linkages have to be broken. This is more relevant because of the fact that many delignification processes tend to result in the formation of additional C–C inter-unit bonds. Here we review the strategies reported for the cleavage of C–C inter-unit linkages in lignin model compounds and lignin. Although a number of articles are available on the cleavage of C–O inter-unit linkages, reports on the selective cleavage of C–C inter-unit linkages are relatively less. Oxidative cleavage, hydrogenolysis, two-step redox-neutral process, microwave assisted cleavage, biocatalytic and photocatalytic methods have been reported for the breaking of C–C inter-unit linkages in lignin. Here we review all these methods in detail, focused only on the breaking of C–C linkages. The objective of this review is to motivate researchers to design new strategies to break this strong C–C inter-unit bonds to valorise lignins, technical lignins in particular

Bowling Green, Ky. Park Place.

Park Place postcard in Bowling Green by T.J. Smith & Co., Book Store irted in Germany. Published by Raphael Tuck & Sons\u27 Post Card Series No. 2841 Bowling Green, Ky. from Art Publishers to their majesties the King and Queenhttps://digitalcommons.wku.edu/bg_architecture/1006/thumbnail.jp

Postcard of Bowling Green\u27s Main Street in Ky, looking East

Postcard of Bowling Green\u27s Main Street in Ky, looking east by T.J. Smith & Co., Book Store. Published by Raphael Tuck & Sons\u27 Post Card Series No. 2341. Bowling Green, Ky. . The Art Publishers to their majesties the King and Queen.https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/bg_architecture/1004/thumbnail.jp

Postcard of Bowling Green\u27s Main Street and Park Square

Postcard of Bowling Green\u27s Main Street and Square Park by T.J. Smith & Co., Book Store and irted in Germany. Published by Raphael Tuck & Sons\u27 Post Card Series No. 2841. Bowling Green, Ky by art publishers to their majesties King and Queen.https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/bg_architecture/1005/thumbnail.jp