Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought

BACKGROUND: Cultivated chickpea ( Cicer arietinum) has a narrow genetic base making it difficult for breeders to produce new elite cultivars with durable resistance to major biotic and abiotic stresses. As an alternative to genome mapping, microarrays have recently been applied in crop species to identify and assess the function of putative genes thought to be involved in plant abiotic stress and defence responses. In the present study, a cDNA microarray approach was taken in order to determine if the transcription of genes, from a set of previously identified putative stressresponsive genes from chickpea and its close relative Lathyrus sativus, were altered in chickpea by the three abiotic stresses; drought, cold and high-salinity. For this, chickpea genotypes known to be tolerant and susceptible to each abiotic stress were challenged and gene expression in the leaf, root and/or flower tissues was studied. The transcripts that were differentially expressed among stressed and unstressed plants in response to the particular stress were analysed in the context of tolerant/susceptible genotypes. RESULTS: The transcriptional change of more than two fold was observed for 109, 210 and 386 genes after drought, cold and high-salinity treatments, respectively. Among these, two, 15 and 30 genes were consensually differentially expressed ( DE) between tolerant and susceptible genotypes studied for drought, cold and high-salinity, respectively. The genes that were DE in tolerant and susceptible genotypes under abiotic stresses code for various functional and regulatory proteins. Significant differences in stress responses were observed within and between tolerant and susceptible genotypes highlighting the multiple gene control and complexity of abiotic stress response mechanism in chickpea. CONCLUSION: The annotation of these genes suggests that they may have a role in abiotic stress response and are potential candidates for tolerance/susceptibility

High expression of antiviral proteins in mucosa from individuals exhibiting resistance to human immunodeficiency virus

ABSTARCT: Several soluble factors have been reported to have the capacity of inhibiting HIV replication at different steps of the virus life cycle, without eliminating infected cells and through enhancement of specific cellular mechanisms. Yet, it is unclear if these antiviral factors play a role in the protection from HIV infection or in the control of viral replication. Here we evaluated two cohorts: i) one of 58 HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs) who were compared with 59 healthy controls (HCs), and ii) another of 13 HIV-controllers who were compared with 20 HIV-progressors. Peripheral blood, oral and genital mucosa and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) samples were obtained to analyze the mRNA expression of ELAFIN, APOBEC3G, SAMHD1, TRIM5α, RNase 7 and SerpinA1 using real-time PCR. RESULTS: HESNs exhibited higher expression of all antiviral factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), oral or genital mucosa when compared with HCs. Furthermore, HIV-controllers exhibited higher levels of SerpinA1 in GALT. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the activity of these factors is compartmentalized and that these proteins have a predominant role depending on the tissue to avoid the infection, reduce the viral load and modulate the susceptibility to HIV infection

Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/303</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():303-303.</p><p>Published online 2 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2025592.</p><p></p>notypes, tissue types and time-points

Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/303</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():303-303.</p><p>Published online 2 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2025592.</p><p></p>(24 h and 48 h) at which the tissues were harvested. *Group II was processed in the same way as Group I. Susceptible genotypes were challenged and processed in the same way as shown for tolerant genotypes

Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/303</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():303-303.</p><p>Published online 2 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2025592.</p><p></p>(24 h and 48 h) at which the tissues were harvested. *Group II was processed in the same way as Group I. Susceptible genotypes were challenged and processed in the same way as shown for tolerant genotypes

Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought-3

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Transcriptional profiling of chickpea genes differentially regulated in response to high-salinity, cold and drought"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/303</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():303-303.</p><p>Published online 2 Sep 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2025592.</p><p></p>notypes, tissue types and time-points

Coding and non-coding roles of MOCCI (C15ORF48) coordinate to regulate host inflammation and immunity

10.1038/s41467-021-22397-5Nature Communications12

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Patterns of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio spp. at Recreational Beaches of the German North Sea

The number of reported Vibrio-related wound infections associated with recreational bathing in Northern Europe has increased within the last decades. In order to study the health risk from potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the central Wadden Sea, the seasonal and spatial distribution of Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio cholerae were investigated at ten recreational beaches in this area over a 2-year period. V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were found to be omnipresent all year round in the study area, while V. vulnificus occurrence was restricted to summer months in the estuaries of the rivers Ems and Weser. Multiple linear regression models revealed that water temperature is the most important determinant of Vibrio spp. occurrence in the area. Differentiated regression models showed a species-specific response to water temperature and revealed a particularly strong effect of even minor temperature increases on the probability of detecting V. vulnificus in summer. In sediments, Vibrio spp. concentrations were up to three orders of magnitude higher than in water. Also, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were found to be less susceptible towards winter temperatures in the benthic environment than in the water, indicating an important role of sediments for Vibrio ecology. While only a very small percentage of tested V. parahaemolyticus proved to be potentially pathogenic, the presence of V. vulnificus during the summer months should be regarded with care