34 research outputs found
Tannerella forsythia, a periodontal pathogen entering the genomic era
Several questions need to be addressed to evaluate whether Tannerella forsythia is to be considered a periodontal pathogen. T. forsythia has been detected in periodontal health and disease, so could it be a pathogen? The species was not detected in many studies despite finding other putative pathogens, so could it be important in pathogenicity? The challenges of working with T. forsythia include its fastidious and anaerobic growth requirements for cultural detection. Thus, studies associating T. forsythia with periodontal and other oral infections have used noncultural approaches (immunoassays and DNA-based assays) in addition to cultural approaches. We feel the timing of this review represents an interesting transition period in our understanding of the relationships of species with infection. Information from the recently released full genome sequence data of T. forsythia will provide new approaches and tools that can be directed to assess pathogenicity. Furthermore, molecular assessment of gene expression will provide a new understanding of the pathogenical potential of the species, and its effect on the host.
T. forsythia, was described in reviews focusing on periodontal pathogens associated with herpesvirus detection (200), species for which genome projects were underway (41), members of polybacterial periodontal pathogenic consortium (91), and participants in periodontal microbial ecology (202). We will describe the history, taxonomy, and characteristics of T. forsythia, and related species or phylotypes in the genus Tannerella. To assess the pathogenic potential of T. forsythia, we first describe species associations with periodontal and other infections, including animal models, as has been the traditional approach arising from Koch’s postulates (203). Criteria for pathogenicity were expanded to incorporate sequence- derived information (58), and again more recently to include molecular signatures of pathogens and disease (170). We used sequence and genome-derived information, in addition to biofilm, pathogenic mediators, and host responses, to further explore the pathogenic potential of T. forsythia
New constraints on oscillation parameters from Ve appearance and Vu disappearance in the NOvA experiment
For full abstract please refer to Official URL link”, or if there is a document attached which contains the abstract, “For full abstract please refer to attached documen
Search for multimessenger signals in NOvA coincident with LIGO/Virgo detections
Using the NOvA neutrino detectors, a broad search has been performed for any signal coincident with 28 gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration between September 2015 and July 2019. For all of these events, NOvA is sensitive to possible arrival of neutrinos and cosmic rays of GeV and higher energies. For five (seven) events in the NOvA Far (Near) Detector, timely public alerts from the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration allowed recording of MeV-scale events. No signal candidates were found
Search for multimessenger signals in NOvA coincident with LIGO/Virgo detections
Using the NOvA neutrino detectors, a broad search has been performed for any signal coincident with 28 gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration between September 2015 and July 2019. For all of these events, NOvA is sensitive to possible arrival of neutrinos and cosmic rays of GeV and higher energies. For five (seven) events in the NOvA Far (Near) Detector, timely public alerts from the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration allowed recording of MeV-scale events. No signal candidates were found
Measurement of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent π⁰ production in the NOvA near detector
The cross section of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent π⁰ production on a carbon-dominated target is measured in the NOvA near detector. This measurement uses a narrow-band neutrino beam with an average neutrino energy of 2.7 GeV, which is of interest to ongoing and future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. The measured, flux-averaged cross section is σ = 13.8±0.9(stat)±2.3(syst)×10⁻⁴⁰ cm²/nucleus, consistent with model prediction. This result is the most precise measurement of neutral-current coherent π⁰ production in the few-GeV neutrino energy region
Seasonal Variation of Multiple-Muon Cosmic Ray Air Showers Observed in the NOvA Detector on the Surface
We report the rate of cosmic ray air showers with multiplicities exceeding 15
muon tracks recorded in the NOvA Far Detector between May 2016 and May 2018.
The detector is located on the surface under an overburden of 3.6 meters water
equivalent. We observe a seasonal dependence in the rate of multiple-muon
showers, which varies in magnitude with multiplicity and zenith angle. During
this period, the effective atmospheric temperature and surface pressure ranged
between 210 K to 230 K and 940mbar to 990mbar, respectively; the shower rates
are anti-correlated with the variation in the effective temperature. The
variations are about 30% larger for the highest multiplicities than the lowest
multiplicities and 20% larger for showers near the horizon than vertical
showers
Measurement of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent π⁰ production in the NOvA near detector
The cross section of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent π⁰ production on a carbon-dominated target is measured in the NOvA near detector. This measurement uses a narrow-band neutrino beam with an average neutrino energy of 2.7 GeV, which is of interest to ongoing and future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. The measured, flux-averaged cross section is σ = 13.8±0.9(stat)±2.3(syst)×10⁻⁴⁰ cm²/nucleus, consistent with model prediction. This result is the most precise measurement of neutral-current coherent π⁰ production in the few-GeV neutrino energy region
Measurement of the Double-Differential Muon-neutrino Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section in the NOvA Near Detector
We report cross-section measurements of the final-state muon kinematics for
\numu charged-current interactions in the NOvA near detector using an
accumulated 8.09 protons-on-target (POT) in the NuMI beam. We
present the results as a double-differential cross section in the observed
outgoing muon energy and angle, as well as single-differential cross sections
in the derived neutrino energy, , and square of the four-momentum
transfer, . We compare the results to inclusive cross-section predictions
from various neutrino event generators via calculations using a
covariance matrix that accounts for bin-to-bin correlations of systematic
uncertainties. These comparisons show a clear discrepancy between the data and
each of the tested predictions at forward muon angle and low , indicating
a missing suppression of the cross section in current neutrino-nucleus
scattering models
An Improved Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters by the NOvA Experiment
We present new , ,
, and
oscillation measurements by
the NOvA experiment, with a 50% increase in neutrino-mode beam exposure over
the previously reported results. The additional data, combined with previously
published neutrino and antineutrino data, are all analyzed using improved
techniques and simulations. A joint fit to the , ,
, and candidate samples within the
3-flavor neutrino oscillation framework continues to yield a best-fit point in
the normal mass ordering and the upper octant of the mixing
angle, with eV and
. The data disfavor combinations of
oscillation parameters that give rise to a large asymmetry in the rates of
and appearance. This includes values of the
CP-violating phase in the vicinity of which are
excluded by for the inverted mass ordering, and values around
in the normal ordering which are disfavored at
2 confidence.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures. Supplementary material attached (7 figures