Scale Development Study for Academic Title Perception

In this study, it is aimed to develop a scale tool (validity and reliability were tested) in order to determine the faculty members’ perceptions on their academic titles. The scale development study was started with a literature review, thus a draft form was developed. The draft form which consists of 42 articles were presented to the specialists to receive their opinions. In line with the feedbacks from the specialists, the content validity rates of items were determined. The items which had value under .80 content validity rate were excluded from the content of the study. Therefore, remaining 30 items trial form were applied to 195 faculty members who are working in the İnönü and Hatay Mustafa Kemal Universities. In the analysis of the research data, descriptive and predictive statistical methods were used. In the process of developing the scale; construct validity, content validity, scale validity, test-retest reliability, two-half reliability and Cronbach’s alpha reliability were tested. For the construct validity of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Based on the principal components analysis, it is seen that the articles of the scale can be gathered in a single factor or in five factors according to goodness of fit indicators in confirmatory factor analysis. In the confirmatory factor analysis, when the scale is considered as 5 dimensional, the standard fit indices are acceptable. Cronbach’s alpha reliability, test-retest reliability and two half reliability coefficients have also the values that show the scale is reliable. The findings that obtained as a result of the study show that the Academic Title Perception Scale can be used as a valid and reliable scale tool which can determine the perceptions of the faculty members about their academic titles

Could Hemokinin-1 (HK-1) be a Novel Candidate Biomarker for Sarcoidosis?

Aim: Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease and characterized by the presence of non-caseating granulomas which may affect all organs in the body. Some studies suggest an association between peptides and sarcoidosis. The goal of the study was to investigate the biomarker values of serum hemokinin-1 (HK-1) and adropin levels in sarcoidosis and to assess their role in the disease course. Patients and Methods: The study was carried out in a university hospital between April 2021 and February 2022. Thirty-eight patients with diagnosed sarcoidosis (14 men and 24 women) and 38 healthy (14 men and 24 women) individuals were enrolled in the study. Demographic characteristics, age, gender, disease duration, and extrapulmonary involvement of the patients were enrolled. HK-1 and adropin levels were measured via the sandwich ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) method. Results: HK-1 level was elevated in the sarcoidosis patients than in the healthy individuals, these differences were significant statistically (0.67±0.23 and 0.54±0.24 ng/ml, p=0.012). The serum levels of adropin were measured as 207.84±246.72 ng/L in the sarcoidosis patients group and 151.16±171.76 ng/L in the healthy individuals group. No significant differences were determined in terms of the adropin levels in the patient's group when compared to the healthy individuals group (p=0.076). Serum adropin were negatively correlated with BAL CD4+ levels (r=-,880 and p=0.002) and positively correlated with BAL CD8+ levels (r=,697 and p=0.037). Conclusions: At the study, it is determined that patients with sarcoidosis show significantly higher HK-1 levels than healthy controls, and HK-1 may be a useful non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for this disease. From the literature, serum HK-1 and adropin levels have not been investigated in sarcoidosis, yet. To clarify this topic, further and larger size studies are needed

Plasma levels of protachykinin-1 (TAC1) in patients with sarcoidosis

Introduction: The etiology and pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, a systemic granulomatous lung disease affecting many people, still remain unknown. Sarcoidosis is diagnosed by demonstrating non-caseous granulomas and ruling out granulomatous diseases. Therefore, sensitive biomarkers used in diagnosis and follow-up processes are needed. Our aim is to investigate diagnostic value of plasma protachykinin-1 (TAC1) levels in sarcoidosis patients.Methods: Forty-two sarcoidosis patients followed-up by the department of chest diseases, and 38 controls were included into the study. Clinical, radiological and laboratory data of patients were recorded, and plasma TAC1 levels were analyzed in patients and healthy controls. Results: Plasma TAC1 levels of sarcoidosis patients and controls were found as 1124.25±1117.25 ng/L and 1319.37±1357.38 ng/L, respectively. Although not statistically significant (p=0.338), a decrease was found in TAC1 levels of sarcoidosis patients. Additionally, patients’ lymphocyte levels were also found significantly lower than controls (p=0.007). No statistically significant correlation was found between other laboratory findings, including leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil count, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) CD4 +, CD8 +, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) CD4 +, BAL CD8 + and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and plasma TAC1 levels.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate plasma TAC1 levels as a biomarker in sarcoidosis patients. Although plasma TAC1 levels were slightly decreased in sarcoidosis patients, the decrease was not statistically significant, and no adequate data were provided for the use of plasma TAC1 level as a biomarker. We consider more comprehensive research are needed to elucidate the entity

Coronavirus and Face-to-Face Learning in Higher Education: Students’ Nosophobia of Covid-19

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of face-to-face education in the pandemic with a mixed methodology according to the Covid-19 phobias and anxiety levels of higher education students. The research was designed within the framework of convergent simultaneous mixed research design. Quantitative data were obtained by using a Covid-19 phobia questionnaire with the participation of 248 higher education students in a university located in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Qualitative data were collected by using an open-ended question about the anxiety of catching the disease with the participation of 64 students. The first part of the scale includes demographic informations. In the other parts, there are 20 question items in 5-point Likert type, and an open-ended question statement was included in order to enable different opinions to be expressed. Normally distributed quantitative data were analyzed using statistical programs, and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis method to describe participant views. The results of the research reveal that university students have Covid-19 phobia in the face-to-face education process, and the phobias differ significantly according to the type of vaccine and the presence of people they are worried about infecting. On the other hand, it was determined that the place of residence doesn’t have a significant effect on the Covid-19 phobia of the students. In addition, students explain their anxiety about getting sick in the context of environmental, individual, and educational factors. Ethics committee approval for this study was obtained with the decision of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Social and Human Sciences Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee, dated 05.01.2022, meeting 01 and number 08

Prevalence of occupational asthma among animal feed factory workers in konya

Konya'da Hayvan Yemi Üretiminde Çalışan İşçilerde Mesleksel Astım PrevalansıAmaç: Hayvan yemi tozuna maruziyet ile oluşan solunumsal semptomların tespiti, solunum fonksiyonlarında meydana gelen değişiklilerin belirlenmesi, mesleksel astım ile atopi arasındaki ilişkinin gösterilmesi ve yem tozuna maruziyet sonucu gelişen mesleksel astım prevalansının saptanmasıdır.Materyal ve metod: Konya'da faaliyet gösteren 15 adet yem fabrikasında çalışan yem tozuna maruziyeti olduğu bilinen 139 erkek işçi, solunumsal semptomlar, atopi semptomları ve solunum fonksiyon testleri yönünden değerlendirildi. İşçilerin bulguları benzer yaş ve aynı cinsiyette olan 61 adet toza maruziyeti olmayan yem fabrikası çalışanından oluşan kontrol grubunun bulguları ile kıyaslandı. Tüm olgulara solunum ve atopi semptomlarını tespit için yüzyüze görüşme yöntemi ile bir anket uygulandı ve taşınabilir bir spirometri ile tüm olguların işyerinde solunum fonksiyon testleri ölçüldü. Anketle astım semptomu tespit edilen olguların akciğer grafileri çekildi ve bu olgulara cilt prick testi yapıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 139 işçi ve 61 kontrol olmak üzere 200 erkek yem fabrikası çalışanı katıldı. İşçilerin yaş ortalaması 35,68±8.26 (16-53), kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması 35,52±8.18 (21-56) idi. Yem üretiminde çalışan işçilerde mesleksel astım prevalansı % 19,4 olarak saptandı. Solunum semptomlarından hışıltılı solunum (% 25,1), nefes darlığı (% 22,3), öksürük (% 18,7), işçilerde daha yüksek bulundu. Ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi ( sırasıyla p=0.28 , p=0.07 , p=0.66). Solunum fonksiyon testi değerleri işçilerde (FVC:4.90±0.92 FEV1: 3.97±0.78 PEF: 8.23±2.0 FEF25-75: 3.97±1.1) kontrol grubuna göre düşük bulundu ancak bu düşüklük anlamlı değildi (sırasıyla p=0.09 , p=0.18, p=0.22, p=0.46). Çalışma grubunda atopi semptomlarından gözlerde yaşarma (% 7,9), hapşırma (% 6,4), burun akıntısı (% 3,5) önde gelen semptomlardı ancak kontrol grubuyla arasında fark yoktu. Semptomlardan hışıltılı solunum, sigara kullanan işçilerde kullanmayanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamakla birlikte belirgin derecede fazla görüldü, solunum fonksiyon testlerinden FVC, FEV1 ve FEF25-75 parametreleri anlamlı derecede daha düşük saptandı (sırasıyla. p=0.013 , p=0.003, p=0.017). Cilt prick testi, semptomu olan 42 kişden 10 (% 23,8) kişide pozitifti, mesleksel astımı olanlarla olmayanlar arasında fark bulunmadı. Çalışma esnasında maske kullanan işçilerle kullanmayan işçiler arasında semptomlar ve solunum fonksiyonları açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak hayvan yemi tozuna maruziyet, solunumsal semptomların ortaya çıkmasında, solunum fonksiyonlarında düşüşte önemli rol oynamaktadır, sigara kullanımı durumunda bu etki daha belirgin olmaktadır, maske kullanımının koruyuculukta yeterli etkisi yoktur. Mesleksel astım ile atopi arasında birebir korelasyon olmadığı görülmüştür.The aims of our study were to determine respiratory symptoms developing due to exposure to animal feed dust, to detect alterations in respiratory functions, to determine the relationship between occupational asthma and atopy, and to detect the prevalence of occupational asthma developing due to exposure to animal feed dust.Materials and method: One hundred and thirty nine male workers working in 15 animal feed factories in Konya and known to be exposed to animal feed dust were evaluated according to respiratory symptoms, atopy symptoms and respiratory function tests. The findings of the workers were compared with the findings of control group consisted of 61 male animal feed factory workers who did not expose to animal feed dust. A questionnaire with face to face method was applied to all cases to determine respiratory and atopy symptoms; and respiratory functions test were performed to all cases at workplace by a portable spirometry. Chest x-rays of cases with asthma symptoms detected by questionnaire were obtained and skin prick test was applied to these cases.Results: Two hundred cases consisted of 139 workers and 61 controls were enrolled to the study. The mean age of workers was 35,68±8.26 (16-53) years and the mean age of controls was 35,52±8.18 (21-56) years. The prevalence of occupational asthma was detected as 19.4% in animal feed factory workers. Among respiratory symptoms wheezing (25.1%), dyspnea (22.3%) and cough (18.7%) were higher in workers. But the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.28, p=0.07 and p=0.66, respectively). The respiratory function test parameters were lower in workers (FVC: 4.90±0.92, FEV1: 3.97±0.78 PEF: 8.23±2.0 FEF25-75: 3.97±1.1) than control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.09, p=0.18 and p=0.22, p=0.46, respectively). In workers group the frequent atopy symptoms were watery eyes (7.9%), sneezing (6.4%) and nasal discharge (3.5%), but not statistically significant than control group. Wheezing was higher in workers. But the difference was not statistically significant in smoker workers than non smokers. Respiratory function test parameters such as FVC, FEV1 and FEF25-75 were significantly lower in smokers (p=0.013, p=0.003 and p=0.017 respectively). Skin prick test was positive in 10(23.8%) of 42 cases who had symptom, but no significant difference was present between cases with occupational asthma and without occupational asthma. There was no statistically significant difference between workers using mask during work and cases not using mask with respect to symptoms and respiratory function test.Conclusion: In conclusion exposure to animal feed dust has an important effect on development of respiratory symptoms and decrease in respiratory functions. This effect is significant in case of smoking and mask usage has no satisfactory role in protection. It was also detected that no correlation was present between occupational asthma and atopy

Candidate teachers views towards the use of interactive board

Bu çalışmanın amacı Eğitim Fakültesindeki öğretmen adaylarının FATİH Projesi kapsamında etkileşimli tahta kullanımına yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu bağlamda Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği ve Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği bölümü son sınıf öğrencilerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda geleceğin öğretmen adaylarını yetiştiren Eğitim Fakültelerinin milli eğitimin ihtiyaçlarına cevap verecek nitelikte öğretmen yetiştirme noktasında nerede oldukları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bir olgubilim çalışması olan bu araştırmada öğrencilerin görüşleri gönüllülük esasına göre yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu (YYGF) aracılığıyla belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak yorumlanmıştır. Analiz sonucuna göre Fen Bilgisi öğretmenliği öğrencileri lisans eğitiminde ve meslek hayatlarında etkileşimli tahta kullanımına yönelik olumlu görüş ve yetkinlik ifade etmişlerdir. Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Bölüm öğrencileri aksine sınıf öğretmenliği bölümü öğrencileri ise etkileşimli tahta kullanımına yönelik aldıkları dersleri yetersiz buldukları ve meslek hayatlarında etkileşimli tahta kullanımına yönelik olumsuz görüş belirttikleri görülmektedir.The aim of this research is to determine views of candidate teachers going on education faculties about interactive boards related with Fatih Project. In this context, it is tried to be determined the level of education faculties by the thoughts of Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Education Science and Clasroom Teaching departments students in relation to train candidate teachers to responde the needs of national education while future teachers are trying to put their opinions and ideas forth. As a phenomenologic study the research data is obtained from volunteer senior students in Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Education Science and Classroom Teaching with a semi-structured data collection tool form. In this research the data are interpreted with using content analysis. As a result of analysis, science teaching department students expressed more positive views and qualifications for the interactive board use. Opposite to science department students, it is seen that clasroom departments students expressed negative thoughts for using interactive board about undergraduate education and for their future professional life

The Association of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios and Hematological Parameters with Diagnosis, Stages, Extrapulmonary Involvement, Pulmonary Hypertension, Response to Treatment, and Prognosis in Patients with Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a rare disease characterized by granulomatous inflammation in affected organs, primarily in lungs. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are easy and practical methods providing valuable information in diagnosis, severity, and prognosis of various diseases. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between NLR, PLR, and hematological parameters in sarcoidosis. The study was performed with 75 sarcoidosis patients and 92 controls. Patients’ NLR, PLR, and hematological parameters were compared with those of controls. Additionally, while differences between NLR and PLR were investigated in sarcoidosis patients, differences of extrapulmonary involvement, pulmonary hypertension (PH), and spontaneous remission between those with and without responses to treatment concerning stages were also assessed. NLR and PLR were significantly higher in sarcoidosis patients than controls. For NLR, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were found as 68, 61, 58, and 70% respectively, while sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for PLR were found as 72, 67, 63, and 74%, respectively. In sarcoidosis patients, NLR and PLR were significantly higher at stage-2 and -3 than at stage -1 and -4. There was a significant weak positive correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) and NLR and PLR. Mean platelet volume (MPV), hemoglobin (Hgb), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were lower among patients than controls. A positive moderate correlation was detected between NLR and CD4/CD8 in blood, while there was a strong positive correlation between CD4/CD8 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and positive moderate correlation between PLR and CD4/CD8 in BAL. High NLR and PLR values were not significantly associated with pulmonary PH, spontaneous remission, response to treatment, and prognosis. The increase in PLR and NLR may be a guide for diagnoses of both sarcoidosis and lung parenchymal involvement. To use these entities as markers, our findings should be supported with prospective studies with larger samples

Factors affecting student achievement in foreign language teaching

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizdeki yabancı dil öğretiminde öğrenci başarısını olumlu ve olumsuz etkileyen unsurları belirleyerek bu unsurların yabancı dil öğrenimine etkilerinin nedenlerini, türlerini ve bunlarla baş etme yollarını araştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda Hatay ilinde görev yapan İngilizce öğretmenlerinin görüşleri alınarak yabancı dil öğretimini etkileyen unsurlar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bir olgu bilim çalışması olan bu araştırmada çalışmaya gönüllü katılan 2014 - 2015 akademik yılında 62 İngilizce öğretmeninin görüşleri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu (YYGF) aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak yorumlanmıştır. Alan taraması ile oluşturulan Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formuna uygulama öncesi öğretmenlerin ve uzmanların görüşü alınarak son şekli verilmiştir.Analiz sonucuna göre İngilizce öğrenimini olumlu şekilde etkileyen unsurlar öğretmen davranışları, öğrenci davranışları, dersin işlenişine ilişkin unsurlar ve çevresel unsurlar olarak belirlenmiştir. İngilizce öğrenimini olumsuz olarak etkileyen unsurlar ise öğretmen davranışları, öğrenci davranışları, dersin işlenişine ilişkin unsurlar, eğitim sistemine ilişkin unsurlar ve çevresel unsurlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca İngilizce öğretmenleri yabancı dil öğretiminde başarıyı artırmaya yönelik olarak da dil öğretim yaklaşımına, eğitim sistemine, öğretmene, öğrenciye ve materyale yönelik önerilerde bulunmuşlardır.The aim of this study is to research positive and negative factors influence the learning of foreign languages, types, and exploring ways to deal with them by identifying the causes of these elements in foreign language teaching in our country that affect student achievement. In this context, factors affecting foreign language teaching has been tried to be determined by consultation with the English teachers working in Hatay.As a phenomenologic study the research data is obtained from volunteer 62 english teachers in 2015 - 2016 academic term with a semi-structured data collection tool form. With teachers and experts evaluation semi-structured data collection tool is made final form before application. In this research the data are interpreted with using content analysis. As a result of analysis, English teachers behaviors, students behaviors, factors in teaching of the lesson and environmental factors have been identified as positive ways to learn English. The factors affecting learning English have been identified as a negative way are teacher behaviors, student behaviors, elements of the course emphasizes, related to the education system and environmental factors. In addition, English teachers have made recommendations in order to increase the success of foreign language teaching directed to English language teaching approach, educational system, teachers, students and for the material.According to this results in foreign language teaching, firstly the impact of the teachers and students positive and negative behaviors and attitudes towards English are emphasized. For the course, the motivation of students also with the necessity based application is expressed by teachers. In addition, it is indicated by the teachers that english can't be only learned in class, but also students must find an environment that english can be used other than courses and the education system should be organized to ensure effective learning English