Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

VI Babaçutec: negócios tecnológicos, políticas públicas e valorização das quebradeiras de coco babaçu: palestras.

O BabaçuTec é um evento realizado pela Embrapa Cocais desde 2011, com o objetivo de discutir temas de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação, além de propor e divulgar ações para agregar valor ao babaçu.O BabaçuTec teve seu formato e público-alvo prioritário modificado gradativamente, deixando de ser um evento estritamente técnico-científico, tornando-se um evento que prioriza o diálogo e a troca de conhecimentos entre equipes técnicas, professores, pesquisadores, quebradeiras de coco babaçu e outros agroextrativistas, representantes de organizações governamentais e não governamentais, gestores públicos e empresários. Passou também a ter o intuito de consolidar o babaçu como fonte de renda para comunidades rurais. O BabaçuTec chegou à sexta edição com o propósito de discutir políticas públicas, inovações tecnológicas, geração de renda e negócios, valorização e cidadania das mulheres quebradeiras de coco. Além disso, visou prospectar, elaborar, divulgar, avaliar e validar projetos que atendam demandas reais das comunidades agroextrativistas. Foram discutidos resultados parciais de pesquisas em andamento e foram atualizados os macrotemas de interesse das comunidades. Ficou demonstrado o potencial do babaçu em outros usosbem diferentes dos atuais produtos e coprodutos gerados pelas comunidades tradicionais.bitstream/item/190676/1/VI-BABACUTEC-final.pd

Palladium nanoparticles supported on mesoporous biocarbon from coconut shell for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media

Abstract Palladium nanoparticles supported on carbon Vulcan XC72 (Pd/C) and biocarbon (Pd/BC) synthesized by sodium borohydride process were used as catalysts for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. The biocarbon (BC) from coconut shell with mesoporous and high surface area (792 m2 g−1) was obtained by carbonization at 900 °C and the hydrothermal treatment in a microwave oven. The D-band and G-band intensity ratio (I D/I G) from Raman analysis showed high disorder of the biocarbon, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests higher percentage of oxygen groups on the surface of biocarbon than of Vulcan XC72. From X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was observed peaks in 2θ degree related to the face centered cubic (fcc) structure of palladium and the mean crystallite sizes calculated based on the diffraction peak of Pd (220) were 5.6 nm for Pd/C and 5.3 nm for Pd/BC. Using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), it was observed particles well dispersed on both carbons support materials. The electrocatalytic activity of the materials was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) experiments. The peak current density (on CV experiments) from ethanol electro-oxidation on Pd/BC was 50% higher than on Pd/C, while the current density measured at 15 min of CA experiments was 80% higher on Pd/BC than on Pd/C. The higher catalytic activity of Pd/BC might be related to the large surface area of the biocarbon (792 m2 g−1) vs (239 m2 g−1) of Vulcan carbon, the defects of the biocarbon structure and higher amount of oxygen on the surface than Carbon Vulcan XC 72

Insecticidal activity of extracts of <i>handroanthus impetiginosus</i> on <i>Plutella xylostella</i> (Lepidoptera: plutellidae) larvae

Plutella xylostella is considered the main pest of cabbage in Brazil and the world, causing damage of up to 100%. Thus, this study evaluated the insecticidal activity of extracts obtained from the fruits, seeds, bark, leaves, and flowers of Handroanthus impetiginosus against the diamondback moth, P. xylostella larvae. The seed extract showed the highest mortality (97.0%) compared to the control treatment. The LC50 values indicated that the seed and flower extracts (0.01003 and 0.01288 mg/L respectively) assumed the highest toxicity to P. xylostella larvae after 24 h of exposure. The results of this study indicated that the seeds extract is the most promising toxic extract, with measured mortality of approximately 97.0% for P. xylostella larvae after 144 h of exposure in kale plants. Seed extract showed the best insecticidal activity. Thus, this extract can be applied to develop an insecticide based on H. impetiginosus seed.</p

Diversidade genética de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. no Baixo Rio São Francisco, por meio de marcadores RAPD Genetic diversity of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. in the low San Francisco river by RAPD markers

Enterolobium contortisiliquum Vell. Morong (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) é uma espécie muito utilizada em programas de recuperação de matas ciliares no Baixo Rio São Francisco, devido ao seu rápido crescimento inicial. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD, a diversidade genética de oito indivíduos de uma população remanescente dessa espécie, visando contribuir para a definição de estratégias de coleta de sementes. Os indivíduos estão situados em uma área de 100 ha de mata ciliar do Baixo Rio São Francisco. Para a extração do DNA, pelo método CTAB 2%, foram utilizadas folhas tenras dos indivíduos. Testaram-se 20 oligonucleotídios de 10 bases de seqüência arbitrária, cujos produtos foram separados em gel de agarose 0,8%, submetidos à eletroforese horizontal, corados com brometo-de-etídio e visualizados em luz ultravioleta. A similaridade genética entre os indivíduos foi calculada pelo Coeficiente de Similaridade de Jaccard e a construção do dendrograma, realizada utilizando-se o método UPGMA. O valor médio de diversidade genética entre as matrizes foi de 49%, variando de 33 a 85%. Os indivíduos 6 e 7 apresentaram relativa proximidade genética (67%), não sendo indicado o plantio de suas mudas ou semeadura direta para recuperação de área ciliar em locais muito próximos. A partir dos resultados observados, podem-se desenvolver estratégias para a coleta de sementes e produção de mudas, auxiliando, assim, programas de restauração ambiental.<br>Enterolobium contortisiliquum Vell. Morong (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) is very much used in riparian forest restoration programs in the Low San Francisco River because of its fast initial growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate by RAPD molecular markers the genetic diversity of eight individuals of a remaining population of this species, in order to contribute for the definition of strategies for seed production. The individuals are situated in an area of 100ha in the riparian forest of the Low San Francisco River. DNA extraction was carried out with young and tender leaves using 2% CTAB. Twenty primers of ten arbitrary sequence bases were used. The products were separated in 0.8% agarose horizontal gel electrophoresis, stained with Ethidium Bromide and visualized with ultraviolet light. The genetic similarity among the individuals was calculated by Jaccard Similarity Coefficient and dendrograms were obtained using the UPGMA method. The mean value for genetic diversity among individuals was 49%, varying from 33% to 85%. Individuals 6 and 7 showed a high genetic similarity (67%). Therefore, their planting or direct seeding to restore riparian areas is not indicated in places near to each other. The results showed that strategies for seed collection and seedling production can be developed to assist in restoration programs