203 research outputs found
Psicanálise e seu papel na plasticidade cerebral: muito mais que um simples blá, blá, blá
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL
IV Latin-American Summer School on Epilepsy: special call to the brazilian epileptologists
INTRODUCTION: The development of new treatments and effective means to prevent the epilepsies, the most prevalent neurological disorder and that affects around 1% of worldwide population, must be the main goal of the health systems of a nation. OBJETIVES: Following these reasoning, the goal of our article is to promote the IV Latin-American Summer School on Epilepsy (LASSE) among Brazilian epileptologists.INTRODUÇÃO: Produzir tratamentos novos e efetivos aliados à prevenção adequada das epilepsias, a doença neurológica crônica grave mais comum e que acomete aproximadamente 1% da população mundial, deve ser o principal objetivo dos sistemas de saúde de uma nação. OBJETIVOS: Nesse sentido, o principal objetivo de nosso artigo é divulgar a IV Escola Latino-Americana de Verão em Epilepsia entre os epileptologistas brasileiros.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Unidade de Pesquisa e Tratamento das Epilepsias (UNIPETE)UNIFESP, EPM, Unidade de Pesquisa e Tratamento das Epilepsias (UNIPETE)SciEL
Absence-like seizures in adult rats following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus early in life
Administration of pilocarpine causes epilepsy in rats if status epilepticus (SE) is induced at an early age. To determine in detail the electrophysiological patterns of the epileptogenic activity in these animals, 46 Wistar rats, 7-17 days old, were subjected to SE induced by pilocarpine and electro-oscillograms from the cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus and hypothalamus, as well as head, rostrum and vibrissa, eye, ear and forelimb movements, were recorded 120 days later. Six control animals of the same age range did not show any signs of epilepsy. In all the rats subjected to SE, iterative spike-wave complexes (8.1 ± 0.5 Hz in frequency, 18.9 ± 9.1 s in duration) were recorded from the frontal cortex during absence fits. However, similar spike-wave discharges were always found also in the hippocampus and, less frequently, in the amygdala and in thalamic nuclei. Repetitive or single spikes were also detected in these same central structures. Clonic movements and single jerks were recorded from all the rats, either concomitantly with or independently of the spike-wave complexes and spikes. We conclude that rats made epileptic with pilocarpine develop absence seizures also occurring during paradoxical sleep, showing the characteristic spike-wave bursts in neocortical areas and also in the hippocampus. This is in contrast to the well-accepted statement that one of the main characteristics of absence-like fits in the rat is that spike-wave discharges are never recorded from the hippocampal fields.Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Laboratório de Neurocirurgia FuncionalUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Laboratório de Neurologia ExperimentalUNIFESP, EPM, Laboratório de Neurologia ExperimentalSciEL
Head covering and SUDEP: Lessons from sudden infant death syndrome
Universidade Federal de São Paulo EPM UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo EPM UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Evaluation of physical activity habits of adolescents with epilepsy of Toledo City-PR
INTRODUCTION: Although the beneficial effect of physical activity in general population and those with different types of diseases, people with epilepsy are often discouraged and excluded from physical activity participation. This usually occurs due the fear that physical activity might induce or worse epileptic seizures. Stigma and prejudice are factors which contribute to these attitudes. In spite of several studies in literature have analyzed the relationship between epilepsy and physical activity, there are no evident data evaluating the teenager population profile in relation to their physical activity habits. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, we sought to study the degree of participation in physical activities among teenagers with epilepsy of Toledo City-PR using a questionnaire. METHODS: Teenagers outpatients with epilepsy were checked by Consortium (CISCOPAR) in Toledo City-PR and invited to participate as study subject during a workaday visit at professional physician. RESULTS: All the teenagers reported opportunities of leisure time. Eighty percent of the teenagers participated physical activities, but not all of them regularly. Sixty-nine percent of the individuals (n = 20) in our study presented seizures during physical exercise and fifty-two percent (n = 14) were afraid that exercise might cause seizures. CONCLUSION: In spite of the small number of individuals analyzed in this study, our results show that epilepsy has a negative influence on physical activity habits in adolescents.INTRODUÇÃO: Apesar da prática da atividade fÃsica ser enfatizada na sociedade atual pelos benefÃcios que proporciona sobre a aptidão fÃsica e saúde, assim como naqueles com diferentes tipos de doenças, pessoas com epilepsia são frequentemente desencorajados e excluÃdos da participação de programas de atividade fÃsica, pelo medo de que a prática de atividade fÃsica possa desencadear ou piorar as crises epilépticas. Estigma e preconceito são fatores que contribuem para estas atitudes. Apesar de vários estudos na literatura mundial analisarem a relação entre a epilepsia e a atividade fÃsica, não existem estudos que avaliam o perfil da população adolescente quanto aos seus hábitos de atividade fÃsica. OBJETIVO: Neste sentido o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar com um questionário, o grau de participação em atividades fÃsicas de adolescentes com epilepsia do municÃpio de Toledo-PR. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Pacientes ambulatoriais adolescentes com epilepsia consultados pelo Consórcio (CISCOPAR) do municÃpio de Toledo-PR foram convidados a participar do estudo durante uma visita rotineira ao consultório do profissional médico que o atendia. Um questionário foi criado para avaliar os hábitos de atividades fÃsicas. RESULTADOS: Todos os adolescentes relataram oportunidades de lazer. Oitenta por cento dos adolescentes participaram de atividades fÃsicas, mas nem todos eles regularmente. Sessenta e nove por cento dos indivÃduos em nosso estudo apresentaram crises durante o exercÃcio fÃsico e cinqüenta e dois por cento tem medo que o exercÃcio possa causar crises. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do pequeno número de indivÃduos analisados neste estudo, nossos resultados mostram que a epilepsia exerce uma influência negativa nos hábitos de atividade fÃsica de adolescentes.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior (CAPES)Universidade do ParanáUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Neurologia ExperimentalUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de FisiologiaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Neurologia ExperimentalUNIFESP, Depto. de FisiologiaSciEL
Psychoanalysis and its role in brain plasticity: much more than a simple bla, bla, bla
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL
Epilepsy and Hypertension
INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder. Hypertension, particularly severe and uncontrolled, might increase the risk of epilepsy. OBJECTIES: Based on these facts, in this review the relationship between epilepsy, seizures and hypertension has been emphasized. RESULTS: Experimental and clinical studies showed a direct relationship among this disroders. CONCLUSION: Future studies are needed to gain a better understanding between epilepsy and hypertension.INTRODUÇÃO: A epilepsia é a doença neurológica crônica grave mais comum. A hipertensão, severa e não controlada, pode aumentar o risco de surgimento das epilepsias. OBJETIVOS: Sendo assim, enfatizamos nesta revisão a relação existente entre epilepsia, crises epilépticas e hipertensão. RESULTADOS: Estudos experimentais e clÃnicos mostram uma direta relação entre esses distúrbios. CONCLUSÃO: Futuros estudos poderão elucidar com precisão a relação entre epilepsia e hipertensão.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de NeurologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de FisiologiaUniversidade de Mogi das Cruzes Faculdade de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de NeurologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de FisiologiaSciEL
Reduction of vascular reactivity in rat aortas following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus
Objective: The authors investigated changes in vascular reactivity in rats following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.
Method: Male Wistar rats weighing between 250g and 300g were used. Status epilepticus was induced using 385 mg/kg i.p. pilocarpine. After 40 days the thoracic aorta was dissected and divided into 4 mm rings and the vascular smooth muscle reactivity to phenylephrine was evaluated.
Results: Epilepsy decreased the contractile responses of the aortic rings to phenylephrine (0.1 nM–300 mM). To investigate if this reduction was induced by increasing NO production with/or hydrogen peroxide L-NAME and Catalase were used. L-NAME (N-nitro-L arginine methyl ester) increased vascular reactivity but the contractile response to phenylephrine increased in the epileptic group. Catalase administration decreased the contractile responses only in the rings of rats with epilepsy.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated for the first time that epilepsy is capable of causing a reduction of vascular reactivity in rat aortas. These results suggest that vascular reactivity reduction is associated with increased production of Nitric Oxide (NO) as an organic attempt to avoid hypertension produced by excessive sympathetic activation
Experimental and clinical findings from physical exercise as complementary therapy for epilepsy
Complementary therapies for preventing or treating epilepsy have been extensively used. This review focuses on the positive effects of physical exercise programs observed in clinical studies and experimental models of epilepsy and their significance as a complementary therapy for epilepsy. Information about the antiepileptogenic and neuroprotective effects of exercise is highlighted. Considering that exercise can exert beneficial actions such as reduction of seizure susceptibility, reduction of anxiety and depression, and consequently, improvement of quality of life of individuals with epilepsy, exercise can be a potential candidate as non-pharmacological treatment of epilepsy.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled the Future of Translational Epilepsy Research. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior (CAPES)INNT (Brazil)ClnAPCe (Brazil)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Biomed Engn, Lab Neurociencia Expt & Computac, Sao Joao Del Rei, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Neurogenesis and depression: etiology or new ilusion?
New hippocampal neurons are continuously generated in the adult brain of several animal species. Several studies have demonstrated that a variety of enviromental factors, including stress, influence the proliferation of hippocampal cells. Thus, stress induced decrease of hippocampal neurogenesis seem to be an important factor in the etiology of depression. In this review the relationship between neurogenesis and depression has been emphasized.Novos neurônios continuam sendo gerados no cérebro adulto de diversas espécies animais. Muitos estudos têm demonstrado que diversos fatores ambientais, inclusive o estresse, influenciam a proliferação de células hipocampais. Nesse sentido, a diminuição da neurogênese induzida pelo estresse parece ser um importante fator na etiologia da depressão. Nessa revisão, a relação entre neurogênese e depressão é enfatizada.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade de Mogi das Cruzes Núcleo de Pesquisas TecnológicasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PsicobiologiaUNIFESP, EPMUNIFESP, Depto. de PsicobiologiaSciEL
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