Agricultural policies against invasive species generate contrasting outcomes for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation

Direct consequences of biological invasions on biodiversity and the environment have been largely documented. Yet collateral indirect effects mediated by changes in agri-environmental policies aimed at combating invasions remain little explored. Here we assessed the effects of recent changes in water management in rice farming, which are aimed at buffering the impact of the invasive apple snail (Pomacea maculata, Lamarck) on greenhouse gas emissions and diversity of waterbird communities. We used observational data from a 2-year field monitoring (2015–2016) performed at the Ebro Delta regional scale. We found that drying rice fields reduced methane emission rates by 82% (2015) and 51% (2016), thereby reducing the contribution of rice farming to climate change. However, there was a marked reduction (75% in 2015 and 57% in 2016) in waterbird diversity in dry fields compared with flooded fields, thus suggesting that post-invasion policies might hinder biodiversity conservation. Our results highlight the need for accounting for potential collateral effects during the policy decision-making process to design efficient agricultural management plans that lessen undesirable agri-environmental outcomes.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

A cross population between D. kaki and D. virginiana shows high variability for saline tolerance and improved salt stress tolerance

[EN] Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) production is facing important problems related to climate change in the Mediterranean areas. One of them is soil salinization caused by the decrease and change of the rainfall distribution. In this context, there is a need to develop cultivars adapted to the increasingly challenging soil conditions. In this study, a backcross between (D. kaki x D. virginiana) x D. kaki was conducted, to unravel the mechanism involved in salinity tolerance of persimmon. The backcross involved the two species most used as rootstock for persimmon production. Both species are clearly distinct in their level of tolerance to salinity. Variables related to growth, leaf gas exchange, leaf water relations and content of nutrients were significantly affected by saline stress in the backcross population. Water flow regulation appears as a mechanism of salt tolerance in persimmon via differences in water potential and transpiration rate, which reduces ion entrance in the plant. Genetic expression of eight putative orthologous genes involved in different mechanisms leading to salt tolerance was analyzed. Differences in expression levels among populations under saline or control treatment were found. The 'High affinity potassium transporter' (HKT1-like) reduced its expression levels in the roots in all studied populations. Results obtained allowed selection of tolerant rootstocks genotypes and describe the hypothesis about the mechanisms involved in salt tolerance in persimmon that will be useful for breeding salinity tolerant rootstocks.This study was funded by the IVIA and the European Funds for Regional Development. F. G.M.was funded by a PhD fellowship from the European Social Fund and the Generalitat Valenciana (ACIF/2016/115). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.Gil Muñoz, F.; Pérez-Pérez, JG.; Quiñones, A.; Primo-Capella, A.; Cebolla Cornejo, J.; Forner Giner, MA.; Badenes Catala, M.... (2020). A cross population between D. kaki and D. virginiana shows high variability for saline tolerance and improved salt stress tolerance. PLoS ONE. 15(2):1-27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229023S127152Visconti, F., de Paz, J. M., Bonet, L., Jordà, M., Quiñones, A., & Intrigliolo, D. S. (2015). Effects of a commercial calcium protein hydrolysate on the salt tolerance of Diospyros kaki L. cv. «Rojo Brillante» grafted on Diospyros lotus L. Scientia Horticulturae, 185, 129-138. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.01.028Forner-Giner, M. A., & Ancillo, G. (2013). Breeding Salinity Tolerance in Citrus Using Rootstocks. Salt Stress in Plants, 355-376. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6108-1_14Visconti, F., Intrigliolo, D. 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