Vacuum polarization by a global monopole with finite core

We investigate the effects of a $(D+1)$-dimensional global monopole core on the behavior of a quantum massive scalar field with general curvature coupling parameter. In the general case of the spherically symmetric static core, formulae are derived for the Wightman function, for the vacuum expectation values of the field square and the energy-momentum tensor in the exterior region. These expectation values are presented as the sum of point-like global monopole part and the core induced one. The asymptotic behavior of the core induced vacuum densities is investigated at large distances from the core, near the core and for small values of the solid angle corresponding to strong gravitational fields. In particular, in the latter case we show that the behavior of the vacuum densities is drastically different for minimally and non-minimally coupled fields. As an application of general results the flower-pot model for the monopole's core is considered and the expectation values inside the core are evaluated.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, misprint is corrected, discussion is added, figures are change

Influência de magnésio, micronutrientes e calagem no desenvolvimento e fixação simbiótica de nitrogênio na soja perene var. tinaroo ( Glycine wightii ) em solo de cerrado

A greenhouse experiment was carried out with perennial soybeans in a dark-red latosol, using a 25 factorial design, with 3 replications. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of micro-nutrients, magnesium and lime on growth and symbiotic N2 fixation in perennial soybeans. The following criteria were used to determine the best treatment: dry matter production, total N, nodule weight and % of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the stems and leaves. Lime had a positive effect on dry matter production with a corresponding increase in total N and % N, P, Ca and Mg. Lime, in the absence of boron, decreased nodule weight. No effect was observe on the variables measured in the study where Mg was added. Boron, in the presence of lime, increased dry matter production, total N and nodule weight. On the other hand, the application of this micronutrient decreased the levels of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the plant. Zinc also increased dry matter production, total N and nodule weight. Its effect on the % P, % K and % Mg in the plant was negative. Molibdenum in absence of lime increased symbiotic nitrogen fixation by the plant as measured by % and total N.Foi realizado um ensaio em casa de vegetação para estudar o efeito de micronutrientes, magnésio e calagem no desenvolvimento e fixação simbiótica de N em soja perene var. Tinaroo (Glycine wightii) em um latossolo vermelho-escuro fase cerrado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi um fatorial 25 em blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Foram estudadas as seguintes variáveis: peso seco, N total, peso de nódulos e teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg na parte aérea. Em face dos dados obtidos concluiu-se que a calagem teve um efeito pronunciado no peso seco, N total e nos teores de N, P, Ca e Mg das plantas. O peso dos nódulos diminuiu com a calagem quando não foi aplicado boro. A aplicação de magnésio não afetou qualquer variável estudada. Nos tratamentos com calagem, o boro aumentou a produção de matéria seca, N total e peso de nódulos, tendo diminuído os teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg na parte aérea. A interação calagem X zinco foi significativa somente no peso seco das plantas e seu teor de P e K. O molibdênio, quando em ausência de calagem, aumentou o N total e percentual nas plantas

Synthesis And Evaluation Of New β-carboline-3-(4-benzylidene)- 4h-oxazol-5-one Derivatives As Antitumor Agents

In the present work, we report the synthesis and in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activity evaluation of a new series of 1-substituted-β- carboline derivatives bearing a 4-benzylidene-4H-oxazol-5-one unity at C-3. The compound 2-[1-(4- methoxyphenyl)-9H-β-carbolin-3-yl]-4-(benzylidene)-4H- oxazol-5-one (11) was the most active derivative, exhibiting a potent cytotoxic activity against glioma (U251), prostate (PC-3) and ovarian (OVCAR-03) cancer cell lines with IC 50 values of 0.48, 1.50 and 1.07 μM, respectively. An in silico study of the ADME properties of the novel synthesized β-carboline derivatives was also performed. © 2012 by the Authors.17561006113Cao, R., Peng, W., Wang, Z., Xu, A., B-carboline alkaloids: Biochemical and pharmacological functions (2007) Curr. Med. Chem., 14, pp. 479-500Yao, K., Zhao, M., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Li, L., Zheng, M., Peng, S., A class of oral n-[(1s,3s)-1- methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline- 3-carbonyl]-n-(amino-acid-acyl) hydrazine: Discovery, synthesis, in vitro anti-platelet aggregation/in vivo anti-thrombotic evaluation and 3d qsar analysis (2011) Eur. J. Med. Chem., 46, pp. 3237-3249Bi, W., Bi, Y., Xue, P., Zhang, Y., Gao, X., Wang, Z., Li, M., Gibson, M.K., A new class of β-carboline alkaloid-peptide conjugates with therapeutic efficacy in acute limb ischemia/reperfusion injury (2011) Eur. J. Med. Chem., 46, pp. 1453-1462Liu, J., Jiang, X., Zhao, M., Zhang, X., Zheng, M., Peng, L., Peng, S., A class of 3s-2- aminoacyltetrahydro-b-carboline-3-carboxylic acids: Their facile synthesis, inhibition for platelet activation, and high in vivo anti-thrombotic potency (2010) J. Med. Chem., 53, pp. 3106-3116Costa, E.V., Pinheiro, M.L.B., De Souza, A.D.L., Barison, A., Campos, F.R., Valdez, R.H., Ueda-Nakamura, T., Nakamura, C.V., Trypanocidal activity of oxoaporphine and pyrimidine-b-carboline alkaloids from the branches of annona foetida mart. (annonaceae (2011) Molecules, 16, pp. 9714-9720Polanski, W., Reichmann, H., Gille, G., Stimulation protection and regeneration of dopaminergic neurons by 9-methyl-b-carboline: A new anti-parkinson drug? (2011) Expert Rev. Neurother., 11, pp. 845-860Valdez, R.H., Tonin, L.T.D., Ueda-Nakamura, T., Silva, S.O., Dias, B.P., Kaneshima, E.N., Yamada-Ogatta, S.F., Nakamura, C.V., In vitro and in vivo trypanocidal synergistic activity of n-butyl-1-(4-dimethylamino)phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-b- carboline-3-carboxamide) associated with benznidazole (2012) Antimicrob. 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Mineralization of Sialoliths Investigated by Ex Vivo and In Vivo X-ray Computed Tomography

The fraction of organic matter present affects the fragmentation behavior of sialoliths; thus, pretherapeutic information on the degree of mineralization is relevant for a correct selection of lithotripsy procedures. This work proposes a methodology for in vivo characterization of salivary calculi in the pretherapeutic context. Sialoliths were characterized in detail by X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) in combination with atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Correlative analysis of the same specimens was performed by in vivo and ex vivo helical computed tomography (HCT) and ex vivo μCT. The mineral matter in the sialoliths consisted essentially of apatite (89 vol%) and whitlockite (11 vol%) with average density of 1.8 g/cm3. In hydrated conditions, the mineral mass prevailed with 53 ± 13 wt%, whereas the organic matter, with a density of 1.2 g/cm3, occupied 65 ± 10% of the sialoliths' volume. A quantitative relation between sialoliths mineral density and X-ray attenuation is proposed for both HCT and μCT.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Plantio direto, adubação verde e suplementação com esterco de aves na produção orgânica de berinjela.

Sob manejo orgânico, foram avaliados, em Seropédica, RJ, os sistemas de plantio direto da berinjela(Solanum melongena) nas palhadas de Crotalaria juncea (crotalária), Pennisetum glaucum (milheto, cv. BRS 1501)e vegetação espontânea (pousio), em comparação com o plantio convencional (aração e gradagem ou enxada rotativa). Simultaneamente, foram avaliados três tipos de cultivo: berinjela em monocultura, em consórcio com crotalária e em consórcio com caupi (Vigna unguiculata, cv. Mauá). Não houve diferença entre os sistemas de plantio direto e convencional quanto à produção comercial da berinjela. A palhada da crotalária foi mais eficiente que a do milheto e do pousio para cobertura morta do solo e conseqüentemente o controle de plantas espontâneas foi maior. O cultivo simultâneo com as leguminosas não acarretou redução da produtividade da berinjela.Em um segundo estudo, foram comparados plantio direto (palhadas de crotalária e da vegetação espontânea) e plantio convencional, combinados com doses crescentes de cama de aviário (0, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha-1 de N)aplicada em cobertura. Em termos de aporte de biomassa, a crotalária foi novamente superior à vegetação espontânea.A berinjela respondeu à adubação orgânica, com produtividade máxima de 50,6 t ha-1 , correspondendo à maior dose empregada, contra 36,9 t ha-1 referentes ao controle

Parâmetros genéticos e análise de trilha para o florescimento precoce e características agronômicas da alface

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros genéticos das características agronômicas e de tolerância ao florescimento precoce de onze cultivares de alface, bem como verificar a existência de associação entre as características. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e doze plantas por parcela. Quarenta e cinco dias após o transplantio das mudas, foram mensuradas as seguintes características: massa de matéria fresca total e "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria seca "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria fresca e seca da raiz, diâmetro e circunferência da cabeça, altura de planta, número de folhas por planta e número de dias até a antese. Há variabilidade genética entre as cultivares, em todas as variáveis, exceto quanto à circunferência de planta e matéria fresca da raiz. As cultivares Regina 500, Lívia e Atração foram superiores quanto ao número de dias para o florescimento e também para as demais características avaliadas. A seleção contra o florescimento precoce ocasionou ganho em todas as características; porém, não interferiu na matéria seca da raiz. A matéria fresca da parte aérea e o diâmetro de cabeça são indicadas para a seleção indireta contra o florescimento precoce